High-yield cultivation techniques for regenerated eggplant
The regenerated eggplant is characterized by the ability of the eggplant plant to regenerate. The summer ripe eggplant is used as the mother plant, and the eggplant is reconstituted in the autumn. Compared with traditional seedling transplanting, regenerated eggplant has three advantages; one is to omit the management of seedlings; the second is to develop roots and grow strong; the third is to mention the morning market, the price is high, the benefits are good, and the economic benefits can be increased every 667m2 2000 yuan. The high-yield cultivation techniques of regenerated eggplant are introduced as follows:
First, the variety selection
Early-maturing varieties with well-developed roots and strong growth, such as Solanum No. 1, No. 2, and Ziguang Dahuan.
Second, the cultivation of the mother plant
1. Cultivate strong seedlings. In the first half of January, the nursery seedlings were planted in the greenhouse. Generally, the planting area of ​​each 667 m2 of production field was 3 m2, and the seed amount was 50 g. Seeds are first soaked in water at 55 ° C for 30 min. After soaking, the seed epidermis mucus is removed by hand, and then soaked in 25-30 ° C water for 6 h. After soaking, the mucus is washed by hand, and then germinated with gauze to make the budding tidy. And the buds are thick and strong.
The bed soil was mixed with pig manure and garden soil by 1:1. The seedbed was poured with warm water before sowing. After the water was infiltrated, the soil was sown, and the soil was covered with a thickness of 1 cm. The temperature during the day is maintained at 27-30 ° C and at night it is not lower than 15 ° C. When more than 80% of the seedlings are removed, the mulch is removed to reduce temperature and humidity and reduce disease occurrence. After the seedlings are out, the daytime temperature is controlled at 25-28 °C and at night it is 15-18 °C. When the seedling age is 35-40 days, when the seedling grows to 2 leaves and 1 heart, the seedlings can be divided and transferred to a 10cm10cm nutrient bowl. After the seedlings are divided, the greenhouse is sealed for 1 week, and the temperature is maintained at 25 ° C or more, no more than 30 ° C, and 20 ° C at night to promote slow seedlings. After 6-7 days of slow seedling, the temperature is appropriately lowered, controlled at 25-27 °C during the day and around 15 °C during the night. 8-10 days before planting, the wind will cool down and refine the seedlings.
2, colonization. Planting was carried out from the end of March to the beginning of April, and the small arch shed was used to cover the early-maturing cultivation. Before planting, 667m2 of chanted chicken manure was 7000kg, diammonium phosphate 30kg and potassium sulfate 25kg. After the ploughing and ploughing, the half of the chicken manure is applied, and the other half of the chicken manure and the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are ditched by the row spacing, and then the ridge is used for sputum. The bottom of the sputum is 90cm wide, the squat surface is 65cm wide, the sputum spacing is 30cm, and the squat height is 15cm. Plant 2 rows on the raft surface, line spacing 50cm, dig a hole according to the plant spacing 40cm, water planting seedlings in the hole, cover the soil after water seepage, and the nursery should be level with the ground. It can also be planted after watering, then buckled small Arch shed insulation.
3. Management
(1) Temperature. After planting, the seedlings are generally not ventilated, and the wind is released when the temperature rises above 30 °C during the day. After the seedlings are kept, they will remain at 28-30 °C during the day and remain above 15 °C at night, and will gradually release the wind as the outside temperature rises. When the minimum temperature in the night shed is above 14 °C, the small arch shed is removed.
(2) Fertilizer and water. When the "door eggplant" is 4-5cm long, the first water is poured, and the water is 667m2, chasing the diammonium phosphate 20kg; the "door eggplant" is poured and the second water is poured, and the water is poured once every 7-10 days. 2-3 times of water, chasing 1 time of fat, a total of 3-4 times, each time 10kg of urea is applied with water.
(3) Spraying flowers. Flowering period can be sprayed with 50-60mg/kg of the anti-fallin (Tomato Spirit) solution to prevent falling flowers.
(4) Control pests and diseases. The main diseases of eggplant are verticillium wilt, brown streak and cotton blight. The implementation of 3-5 years of rotation can effectively control verticillium wilt. It can prevent brown streak disease and cotton blight by spraying with 80% mancozeb wettable powder 500 times or 75% chlorothalonil 600 times. The main insect pests of eggplant are red spider and ocher, which can be sprayed with 40% dimethoate 800 times solution and 70% gram emulsion 1500 times solution.
Third, regenerative cultivation
1, trim time. After mid-July, due to high temperature and drought, eggplant generally grows poorly, the yield is reduced, the quality is worse, and the price is not high. Therefore, the mother plant is pruned in the late July.
2, pruning clear garden. All the branches of the eggplant were cut off with the scissors, and the branches 10-15 cm above the ground were all cut off, leaving only the base or branch of the plant. Take all the cut branches out of the garden and concentrate on them. At the same time, the weeds and dead branches and leaves in the garden are removed to reduce the number of pests and diseases.
3. Field management after pruning. After pruning, water should be poured quickly, and combined with watering, compound fertilizer 25kg/667m2 should be applied in small rows. In order to promote root growth, it is necessary to cultivate three times. After the germination of the plant buds, it is necessary to carry out the buds and pruning, and choose two strong and full growth as the new growing branches, and the rest are erased.
4. Results period management. As a result, the watering in the early stage should be dominated by control, with less irrigation and more loose soil. Especially during the flowering period of "door eggplant", the soil moisture should not be too high, otherwise it would be easy to fall and fall. After the fruit is placed, it is properly cultivated with a height of about 10cm. In order to promote fruit enlargement, 20 kg of urea is applied to 667 m2 or 1000 kg of decomposed human and animal waste. In order to improve the fruit setting rate, the growth regulator can also be used for chemical regulation, and the 20-25 mg/kg anti-falling pigment can be used to protect the fruit. After entering the peak period, water should be poured once every 7-8 days, 3 times of water should be applied for 1 time, and 15kg of urea and 7kg of potassium sulfate should be applied per 667m2. 1000kg of organic fertilizer can also be applied. Pay attention to chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer. Alternate use. Foliar fertilizer such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed in the middle and late stages of the fruit.
5. Pest control. Due to the high temperature and low humidity in autumn, the disease should be lighter than that in early spring cultivation. The key points are to control the pests, mainly including thrips, red spiders, cotton bollworms, beet armyworms, etc., 10% imidacloprid 3000 times solution, 25% The quick killing spirit 1000 times liquid, 15% Daxun net 3000 times liquid, 5% inhibition Tai Tai 1000 times liquid prevention.
6. Harvest at the right time. Recycled eggplant grows fast, has many results, good quality, high price and good efficiency. Generally, the first batch of regenerated eggplant can be harvested about 40 days after pruning, and it can be harvested once a day or every other day until the end of November.
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