Cultivation Techniques of Cherry Tomatoes in Sunlight Greenhouse Winter Cherry

1. Choose a greenhouse suitable for winter cherry tomato planting. The greenhouse is located in a cold area between 35o and 39o north latitude. The solar greenhouse used for the production of winter cherry tomatoes must have the following requirements and ancillary facilities, ie the greenhouse temperature is 2.8-3.5m; Span of 6 to 7m; back wall height of 1.8 to 2.5m; back wall thickness of 0.8 to 1m; composite functional wall with perlite or slag of about 0.1m in the middle, the best effect; 0.1mm thickness of the front roof Vinyl chloride is covered with no drip film; indoor one layer of insulation curtain is hung, and the back wall and gable are conditionally affixed with reflective curtains; the insulation layer is applied with a layer of grasshoppers; the front corner of greenhouse is digging the cold ditch on the outside.
2, supporting cultivation techniques
2.1 Variety selection Choose cold-tolerant, weak-resistant, and fruit-bearing varieties, such as: Kyodan No. 1, Super Sweet, Cloth, Caro, and Virgo.
2.2 Mouthwash Arrangement Cherry Tomatoes Winter cultivars are planted in mid-August and planted at the end of September and harvested from December to June.
2.3 Cultivation of strong seedlings
2.3.1 Preparation of nutritious soil The nutrient soil is prepared as follows: Take 4 pieces of deep garden or farmland soil, 4 pieces of decomposed chicken manure, mutton sheep manure (1:1), 2 pieces of fine sand, plus 3 yuan per 1m3 of nutritive soil. Compound fertilizer 500g, after mixing and sifting.
2.3.2 Seeding and seedling sowing seed before sowing germination treatment, soaking with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 20min, then soaking in warm water 30 °C 4 ~ 5h, remove and germination after 25 ~ 30 °C conditions, dew white wait use. The sowing method is to spread 5~10cm nutritious soil on the nursery bed or in the greenhouse seedbed, and then leveling and pinning, saturating the bottom water, and sowing the prepared seed, then covering the nutrient soil 1cm. The sowing volume is generally about 1 to 10g, and the seed amount per acre is generally 15 to 20g. After sowing, it is covered with wet straw or newspapers and the like. After the emergence of the seedlings, the cover should be removed in time. When the seedlings grow to one leaf, the seedlings should be divided into plastic pods or paper bags.
2.3.3 Seedling Management 1 Seedling temperature management. Before emergence, the soil temperature of the seedbed is controlled at 25-30°C and the night temperature is not lower than 20°C. After emergence, the temperature is maintained at 22-25°C and the night temperature is 13-15°C. After the seedlings are grown, the temperature is appropriately increased. 3 °C, moderate temperature after easing seedlings to prevent seedlings to be long, the actual operation, due to higher outside temperature, breeding season should try to enlarge the wind cooling, but should pay attention to rain. 2 lighting management. Nursery sites should be located in well-lit places, and transparent covers of greenhouses need frequent cleaning to improve the light transmittance in the greenhouse. 3 fertilizer and water management. In principle, we should always keep the soil moist and not control the water. When it is watering, it should be carried out on a sunny day. Every time we water it, it must be thoroughly irrigated, and no water on the surface of the soil should prevail. The fertilizer required for the seedlings has already been fully used in the nutrient soil. If topdressing, generally when the four leaves of the seedlings are unfolded, they can be sprayed with a 0.3% solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
2.3.3 Age of seedlings. The calendar seedling age is about 50 days, and the seedling standard is standard; the seedling height is 20cm, stem diameter is more than 0.4cm, and leaves are 6-7 pieces, showing no buds.
2.3.4 Colonization (1) Fertilization for soil preparation. In the general fertility conditions of the vegetable field, per acre are applied to maturity farmyard fertilizer 5000 ~ 7000kg, deep-turn 40cm, according to 60cm ridge width mu dipping 20kg of urea, urea 15kg, potassium sulfate 15kg.
(2) Colonization. Cherry tomatoes are often grown on single and double rows, and the planting degree is determined according to the variety. Early-maturing varieties range from 4,000 to 5,000, middle and late-maturing varieties reach 3,000, and ridge widths are generally 60cm, ridge distances are 50 to 60cm, and plant spacing is 25 to 30cm. The timing of planting shall be in the afternoon with a method of water stabilization, planting, laying a hose, covering the transparent plastic film, and using the membrane drip irrigation method for the amount of fertilizer and water pipes, so that the greenhouse humidity can be effectively controlled, so as to prevent diseases and improve fertilizer efficiency.
2.3.5 Field Pipe (1) Environmental Control 1 Temperature Management. The daytime temperature after planting is maintained at 25-28°C and 15°C at night. As the temperature decreases, the minimum temperature in the greenhouse should not be lower than 6-8°C, otherwise serious production loss will be caused. 2 lighting management. Regularly clean the dust on the film; hang the light curtain; ensure the temperature as long as possible to extend the lighting time, cherry tomatoes file on the light intensity requirements, generally maintained at 30,000 Lux above. 3 air humidity management. In the early stage of cultivation, due to the high temperature, it is necessary to pay attention to air release and humidity to reduce the air humidity; in the middle of cultivation, because the outdoor air temperature is too low, it is not possible to vent through the air to release moisture. At this time, the amount of irrigation water should be controlled by reducing drip irrigation and drip irrigation under the membrane. Reduce air humidity. 4 fertilizer water management. Immersion in bottom water when planting, 4 to 5 days after pouring 1 seedling water, until the first ear fruit to the size of peas and then start watering, later according to the humidity conditions (generally require soil moisture from 70% to late January ) Watering before noon on sunny days. Watering between December and late January will significantly reduce ground temperature and increase air humidity. Therefore, a small number of watering methods must be used. When water is generally required, it can be watered for about ten minutes at noon on sunny days. When the first ear grows to the grape size, 10 kg of urea and 15 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu. When cherry tomatoes begin to ripen, they must adopt a relative drought management method. The leaves perform normally. If no wilting occurs at noon, do not water it. This can effectively reduce cracking and increase fruit sweetness.
(2) Lifting strength and pruning According to the characteristics that the cherry tomato varieties are mostly infinitely growing, the stems are conventionally fixed by means of a greenhouse tied with vine hanging ropes. The method is as follows: pulling the plants in a direction along the ridge 2 m above the ground A 10th wire, each plant hanging from the top with a sling hanging on the wire, the hook can be active on the wire, when the plant grows to the top of the wire at the top, timely release of vine, each put vine 50cm or so, the lower stem Along the direction of the ridge, lie on both sides of the pole, and the two rows of plants on the same ridge lie opposite. The whole plant generally adopts a single branching method, and other side branches should be removed in time.
(3) Baohuabaoguo Cherry tomatoes have good fruit setting, but the low temperature and weak light in winter will affect the fruit setting rate. In order to ensure that the fruit set is neat, generally use 15-4mg/kg of 2,4-D or 20-25mg/kg. The PCPA (Tomato Spirit) performs the flowering.
(4) The timely harvested cherry tomatoes are higher in sugar content than normal tomatoes, and fruit cracking occurs during over ripening, which affects the high quality of the fruit. The general variety should be harvested at the ripening stage of the nine crops, and the more easily cracked varieties should be harvested when the fruits are ripe at five to seven. Harvesting is usually performed in the afternoon to avoid fruit cracking caused by excessive osmotic pressure in high humidity conditions.
(5) Yield increase measures Cherry tomatoes are light, uniform in size, and the yield depends mainly on the number of their ears. In cultivation and management, care should be taken to pay attention to prolong the cultivation time, increase the number of fruit weight and fruit set, and maintain the coordination between the vegetative and reproductive growth of the plant, so as to effectively increase its yield. The yield of cherry tomatoes is generally 2500. ~5000kg.

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