Cotton Bolling Period Field Management Measures
The cotton boll opening period generally begins in late August or early September, ends in mid-November and lasts for 70-80 days. The cotton enters the boll opening stage, which indicates that the vegetative growth is about to stop, and it enters into the reproductive growth period. The leaves gradually turn yellow from bottom to top, the photosynthetic capacity decreases, and the root absorption capacity weakens. In this period, the weather is clear, with plenty of sunshine, low air humidity, and temperatures above 20°C, which are conducive to cotton growth and boll opening. Most of the cotton areas before this year's cotton boll opening had more rain, and some of the cotton fields appeared to be lodging and rotten. The shortage of rain in some cotton fields was still affected by drought. In addition, part of the cotton fields, especially in the South of China, are late-maturing and over-fertilized due to excessive nitrogen fertilizer. In this regard, the management proposals for the cotton boll opening period are as follows.
Picking up the rotten bell This year, the rotten bell is generally younger, but the local plots are heavier. In order to reduce the loss, the cotton bolls with dark spots on the lower part should be removed early, soaked in 1% ethephon solution and then dried.
Flood control and drought prevention shall continue to do well in flood prevention and drought relief work. The affected cotton fields shall be provided with timely support, drainage and dehumidification, and areas with severe drought shall be watered in time to promote fertilizer with water and extend the functional period of the leaves.
The pruning at the late stage of pruning can improve the air and light conditions of the cotton field and reduce nutrient consumption, which is beneficial to increase peach weight, increase weight, promote early maturing, and prevent rotten bells. In the northern regions, the flowers generally opened after the beginning of September are ineffective and should be promptly removed. In the southern region, after September 20, sowing and transplanting of late fields can be postponed as appropriate. For the cotton fields with high growth potential and high degree of euphoria in the later period, the old leaves, empty branches, push lines and ridges should be used to prevent the bad bells.
Prevention and control of pests of the fourth generation of cotton bollworm mainly harm late-maturing cotton fields, and the harm of blind stink bugs lasts until early October. The bridge-building insects and beet armyworm are emergent pests, and the endanger period is from late August to early September. Should be promptly checked to catch the egg incubation period to the young (if) pest control medication, the drug is chlorpyrifos, methyl avermectin benzoate, acephate, phoxim and so on. In addition, pests such as whiteflies, red spiders, thrips, and pheasants should also be controlled in time. Diseases are mainly caused by blight, etc., which can be controlled by mancozeb.
According to local conditions, ripening due to various reasons, some cotton bolls can not normally mature in the late cotton field every year, especially summer sowing cotton, late cotton, nest cotton and saline alkali cotton and some other late-maturing cotton fields Qinglian bell, affecting yield and Quality, need to ripen according to local conditions, accelerate the development of cotton bolls, make it boil early and increase the production of flowers before frost. There are three methods: (1) spray ethephon. It is suitable for cotton fields with more greenbelts in the late period. In the northern part of the country, in the first half of October, sprays of 40% ethephon with 150-200ml of water and 50-60kg of water per acre are used. (2) Paraquat reminder. It is suitable for sowing and interplanting cotton fields in the evening and so as to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. It takes about 10 days before frost, or when the upper part of Qingling is as large as 40 days or more, sprays with 20% paraquat in 50 ml of water and 30-40 kg of water per acre. Generally, 7 days of leaf falling, 7-8 Days can reach the peak of boll opening. (3) pull stalk ripening. Applicable to wheat (oil), cotton two cooked areas, mastered in the day when the average temperature dropped to 15 °C when carried out, not only early helium, without affecting cotton production.
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