How to Care for Small Tractors in Winter

In winter, the working conditions of tractors deteriorate and must be carefully maintained and used scientifically.

Maintenance and maintenance

In winter, the maintenance and maintenance of small tractors is one of the important measures to prevent them from malfunctioning. Thoroughly overhaul, replace the damaged parts, such as cylinder liners, pistons, etc.; adjust the items to be adjusted, such as valve clearance, injection pressure, etc.; thoroughly wash the cleaning, such as air, diesel, machine filtration To achieve a good standard for the technical condition of the tractor, ie no oil leakage, no water leakage, no air leakage; complete and complete components, correct adjustment, good lubrication; engine output power, fuel consumption and rotational speed comply with regulatory requirements; No abnormal noise; The engine is easy to start, the speed is sensitive, the speed is stable; The exhaust pipe exhausts normally, no oil, carbon particles; The water temperature, oil temperature, and oil pressure are within the normal range at full load; clutch, variable speed Box, steering, brake and other institutions function normally; all friction parts of the movement without overheating; electrical equipment, normal work, no leakage, do not hit iron; attachments, hydraulic system, reliable, flexible operation without exception.

Winter tire pressure should be about 5% higher than summer, to avoid excessive rolling resistance during driving and increase fuel consumption.

Use and maintain battery

Attention should be paid to the following four points: First, use high-concentration electrolytes in winter, and replace them in time after winter; second, avoid continuous and frequent start-ups. Pay special attention to starting the engine, each time must not exceed 5 seconds, interval between two starts should be More than half a minute, the number of starts can not exceed three times, if there is a fault in the engine, it should be started after troubleshooting, the battery power can not be used up. Third, the battery should be removed, wipe clean, keep its external clean and air flow, placed in a ventilated and dry room, charge once every 15 days or so. It is forbidden to store the battery in outdoor exposure or rain for a long period of time. Fourthly, check the height of the electrolyte surface frequently and keep it within the specified value range. As long as the electrolyte level is not reduced due to leakage, just add distilled water to adjust the height of the liquid level. Do not add electrolyte because only distilled water evaporates.

Adjustment oil specifications

Lubricant selection: Lubricants used in tractors include diesel and gear oils. Ordinary diesel engine oils are classified into four grades: No.20, No.30, No.40 and No.50. Diesel engines generally use No.20 diesel engine oil in winter and No.40 diesel engine oil in summer. The gear oil has a high viscosity and is suitable for the lubrication of tractor gearboxes and gears. Commonly used tractor gear oils are HL-20 (20), HL-30 (30) two brands. Among them, "H" stands for lubricating oil and "L" stands for gear, which is represented by the first letter of the Chinese Pinyin for "slide" and "round." Tractor gear oil should be selected according to the ambient temperature. The general requirement for the freezing point of gear oil is 6~10°C lower than the use environment. Here to remind the tractor

Households, it is strictly prohibited to use oil instead of gear oil, or in the gear oil blended with diesel and kerosene, so as not to reduce its viscosity, reduce lubrication performance and accelerate gear wear. When replacing the oil, clean the oil filter, the filter, and the oil pan thoroughly to remove dirt and impurities.

The selection of diesel (fuel): The correct choice of diesel should be used according to the local temperature. There are six types of common light diesel oil: +20, +10, 0, -10, -20, and -35. The number indicates the freezing point. For example, +10 indicates that the freezing point of diesel is 10°C, and 0 indicates that the freezing point of diesel is -10°C. When a diesel engine is selected for a diesel engine, its freezing point should be lower than the local temperature of 5 to 10°C. For example, when the minimum temperature in winter is between 0 and -5°C, choose -10 diesel; the lowest temperature is -10 to -15°C, choose -20 diesel, if there is no 20 light diesel, use 10 and 35 light diesel Mixed use effect is also good. The minimum temperature is not lower than -30°C, choose -35 diesel; the lowest temperature in the high-cold area around -40°C, choose -50 diesel.

Timely release of water

For tractors without antifreeze, when the temperature is below 0°C, the cooling water in the engine should be exhausted when parking at night and parked for a long time; at the same time, the water should not be separated from people when the water is discharged to prevent the drain valve from being blocked due to impurities. The abnormal swelling of the water causes the body to crack.

It should also be noted that if the water temperature is high, you should wait for the water temperature to drop below 60°C and then release water, otherwise it will easily cause damage to the body or cylinder head. When you get out of the car, you should warm up the water to start it. In general, most of the frozen bodies occur in the early days of winter and spring, and in the weather with sudden changes in temperature, they should be highly valued by the operators.

Attention to insulation

When the engine temperature is lower than 60 degrees, it will exacerbate parts wear, mainly in the wear of the cylinder liner, so winter should pay attention to the insulation of the tractor. The specific method is: Do not park the tractor outside in the winter night, should be parked in the library, and in the door installed insulation curtain; cold areas, the production of engine insulation sets, additional insulation measures; appropriate fan belt to reduce the fan speed Burning water appliances, anti-skid chains, etc. should be fully prepared, equipped with winter and summer transfer switch engine, the switch to the "winter" position; according to the engine water temperature in a timely manner to adjust the height of the tank insulation curtain or shutter opening angle.

Start to warm up

Before starting the tractor in winter, increase the temperature of the engine with hot water of about 80°C, and turn on the drain switch. When the hot water of about 40°C flows out, add boiling water to start the engine. When the temperature is particularly cold, the engine oil is released after the engine is stopped. Add the oil sump to the temperature of 40-50°C; Do not use ignition, dragging, sliding slope, open flame car, add water after starting the car, loosen the injection pressure and other wrong methods to start; after starting, rotate at medium speed for 15 minutes. The water temperature can reach above 40°C and the water temperature can reach 60°C to load.

Talk about hygiene

In winter, tractors are often used as the power machine for feed processing. Because the dirt is flying everywhere during the processing of feed, in order to prevent dirt from entering the tank core and pipes and affecting the cooling effect, a layer of wire gauze should be wrapped in the front of the radiator radiator and on the water tank mouth. Nylon gauze. In addition, a fire extinguishing cover must be installed on the exhaust pipe to prevent the exhaust pipe from discharging Mars and cause a fire.

Drive cautiously

In the snowy road, you should pay attention to anti-skid, the tractor should use deeper tires, the necessary fashion snow chains, the speed is slow, do not rush to the steering wheel, see obstacles early brake. Pay attention to safety when driving a car and try to avoid overtaking.

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