Sweet corn, with its delightful flavor and unique taste, has long been cherished by consumers. Traditionally considered a seasonal delicacy available only after the autumn harvest, this natural snack now frequently graces food stalls and beer houses in various towns throughout the year. Despite being relatively costly, it remains highly appealing. Off-season sweet corn is predominantly preserved using normal temperature storage techniques, which offer advantages over freezing methods. These techniques reduce processing costs while ensuring safe storage for over six months, maintaining the corn's original flavor, taste, and appearance. This approach can boost productivity two to threefold.
Among the varieties suitable for preservation are:
1. Red Pomegranate Seed Crystal Corn: Known for its vibrant red hue and early coloring, this variety achieves a deep red shade when fresh. It’s ideal for preserving or selling as tender corn due to its appealing appearance and sweet taste. The crystal red corn’s thin skin ensures residue-free eating, making it a standout choice.
2. Colorful Sticky Corn: Featuring a striking array of colors—black, white, red, purple, yellow, green, and blue—this variety combines sweetness, freshness, and fragrance with visual appeal. Its uniqueness makes it a promising candidate for dual-season planting across much of the country.
3. Black Lord: This variety revolutionizes black corn by enhancing yield and quality. The ready-to-eat ears processed from this variety are nutritious, rich in cancer-fighting substances like melanin, and exceptionally beneficial to health. Freshly picked, the Black Lord’s grains are purplish-black, perfect for long-term storage.
Room temperature storage techniques primarily include:
1. Dry Storage Method: Retain kernels with intact endothelial layers, avoiding immersion in water. A 0.5% glycyrrhizin aqueous solution can be used for a 5-10 minute soak to deter insects and bacteria. If harvested in warmer conditions, alternate layers of corn ears and fine sand can help regulate temperature and prevent mold. Late-autumn harvested corn can be stored indoors with good ventilation. Corn ears should be processed and stored on the same day they’re harvested to avoid enzymatic degradation. Glycosan, derived from edible plants, can extend the shelf life of fruits and vegetables.
2. Wet Storage Method:
- Formula 1: Combine 60% calcium chloride, 15% zinc chloride, 15% potassium sorbate, 5% magnesium sulfate, and 5% sodium with water.
- Formula 2: Use 0.1% sodium benzoate, 0.2% organic acid, 0.1% inositol hexaphosphate, and 0.1% vitamin C.
3. Coating Method: Clean and sterilize corn before applying a preservative solution containing inositol hexaphosphate, sodium benzoate, and sucrose ester.
4. Semi-Mature and Semi-Dry Storage: Boil corn in a preservative solution, cool, and dry partially before storing in a sealed, lightproof, rodent-free environment.
This research was conducted at the College of Agriculture, Liaocheng University.
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