Fertilization Technology for Controlling Nitrate Pollution in Vegetables
2020-06-02 01:10:23
Principles of fertilization melons. Including cucumber, melon and other fertilization principles: the main organic fertilizer, focusing on the base fertilizer, a reasonable top dressing, control of nitrogen fertilizer application, prohibit the application of nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, soil testing formula to maintain the balance of soil fertility. Apply base fertilizer: Ensure that the organic fertilizer applied is 4000-5000kg/667 square meters, diammonium phosphate 30-50kg/667 square meters, potassium sulfate 40-60kg/667 square meters or three-element compound fertilizer 100kg/667 square meters. Appropriate top-dressing: It can be used to treat human fecal urine 1000kg/667 square meters or ternary compound fertilizer (or urea) 10kg/667 square meters. At the same time, carbon dioxide gas fertilizers can be added to the protected areas. The use of manure fertilizer for top dressing is prohibited during the harvesting stage.
Solanum vegetables. Including tomato, pepper, eggplant and other fertilization principles: the main organic fertilizer, focusing on the base fertilizer, a reasonable fertilizer, control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, promote the use of special and biological fertilizers, soil testing formula to maintain the balance of soil fertility. Apply base fertilizer: Ensure that the fully cooked organic fertilizer is 4000-5000kg/667 square meters, and apply DAP 30-50kg/667 square meters, potassium sulfate 40-60kg/667 square meters or three-element compound fertilizer 10kg/667 Square meters. The use of manure fertilizer for top dressing is prohibited during the harvesting stage.
Leaf vegetables. Including cabbage, cabbage, celery, leeks and other principles of planting and fertilizing: mainly organic fertilizer, focusing on the base fertilizer, reasonable top dressing, controlling the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, promoting the use of special fertilizers and biological fertilizers, prohibiting the use of nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, soil testing formula, Maintain soil fertility balance. Shizujifei: Ensure that the decomposed organic fertilizer is 4000-5000kg/667 square meters, diammonium phosphate 30-40kg/667 square meters, potassium sulfate 30-40kg/667 square meters or three-element compound fertilizer 80kg/667 square meters. Appropriate top-dressing: top- and mid-term topdressing fertilizers. Can be applied to fully decomposed human excrement 1000kg/667 square meters and plant ash 50-100kg/667 square meters or three-element compound fertilizer 10kg/667 square meters, suitable fertilizer can be used later 20-30kg/667 square meters of ammonium bicarbonate or urea 10kg/667 square meters.
In addition, due to different types of vegetables, the degree of nitrate absorption is also different. Eggplant, pepper, carrot, tomato, radish and other fruit and vegetables and root vegetables, lighter accumulation of nitrate, nitrate should be applied 20-30 days before harvest. Cabbage, leaf lettuce, etc., for the accumulation of nitrate, can be a small amount of application; cabbage, leeks, spinach, Ge camp, etc., is easy to accumulate nitrate, is strictly prohibited the application of nitrate nitrogen. Spring vegetables less nitrogen, spring vegetables light is weak, easy to accumulate nitrate, should not be applied or less nitrogen fertilizer; summer and autumn vegetables during the growing season, high temperatures, containing less nitric acid, can be appropriate application of some nitrogen fertilizer, high fertilizer to disable nitrogen fertilizer; low Fertilized vegetable fields, the accumulation of nitrate in vegetables lighter, can be applied nitrogen fertilizer, organic fertilization fertility; humus-rich soil, vegetables, high nitrate content, should be banned nitrogen fertilizer. The nitrate content of the same vegetable under different climatic conditions is also different. Under normal high temperature and strong light, the nitrate accumulation is less; on the contrary, under low temperature and weak light, a large amount of nitrate is accumulated. During the fertilization process, the types of vegetables, cultivation seasons, and climatic conditions should be taken into consideration. A reasonable amount of fertilizer should be used to ensure that the nitrate content is within the stipulated range of pollution-free vegetables.
Precautions:
Not apply. Ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate and compound fertilizers containing nitrate nitrogen can easily accumulate nitrates in vegetables. Vegetable fields should not be applied at all. Ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium acetate should be used to control their use. Must be deeply covered in soil.
The deep application of nitrogen fertilizer to cover soil, deep in the soil about 15-18cm, so that the slow nitrification, high fertilizer utilization, can reduce the accumulation of nitrate in vegetables.
Control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. The accumulation of nitrate in vegetables increases with the increase of the amount of fertilizer. The amount of fertilizer per 667 square meters should be controlled within 25kg of standard nitrogen, 60%-70% of it should be used as full-scale base fertilizer, and 30%-40% should be used as seedling fertilizer. Deeply.
Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied early. Nitrogen fertilizer is the best at the seedling stage, which helps the vegetables to grow early and grow quickly, which helps reduce the accumulation of nitrate.
Reapply organic fertilizer. Organic manure should be decomposed by high-temperature heaping, killing pathogens and eggs before application, so organic fertilizers will not cause nitrate pollution of vegetables, not only good quality, but also resistant to storage. Biogas residue liquid has high efficiency and is often applied with fewer pests and diseases, which can reduce the amount of pesticides and increase the yield of vegetables. Vegetables produced from biogas residue are the best pollution-free vegetables.
Leafy vegetables cannot be fertilized. Foliar spray directly with the air, ammonium ions easily become nitrate ions absorbed by the leaves, nitrate accumulation increased, but also resistant to storage.
Solanum vegetables. Including tomato, pepper, eggplant and other fertilization principles: the main organic fertilizer, focusing on the base fertilizer, a reasonable fertilizer, control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, promote the use of special and biological fertilizers, soil testing formula to maintain the balance of soil fertility. Apply base fertilizer: Ensure that the fully cooked organic fertilizer is 4000-5000kg/667 square meters, and apply DAP 30-50kg/667 square meters, potassium sulfate 40-60kg/667 square meters or three-element compound fertilizer 10kg/667 Square meters. The use of manure fertilizer for top dressing is prohibited during the harvesting stage.
Leaf vegetables. Including cabbage, cabbage, celery, leeks and other principles of planting and fertilizing: mainly organic fertilizer, focusing on the base fertilizer, reasonable top dressing, controlling the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, promoting the use of special fertilizers and biological fertilizers, prohibiting the use of nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, soil testing formula, Maintain soil fertility balance. Shizujifei: Ensure that the decomposed organic fertilizer is 4000-5000kg/667 square meters, diammonium phosphate 30-40kg/667 square meters, potassium sulfate 30-40kg/667 square meters or three-element compound fertilizer 80kg/667 square meters. Appropriate top-dressing: top- and mid-term topdressing fertilizers. Can be applied to fully decomposed human excrement 1000kg/667 square meters and plant ash 50-100kg/667 square meters or three-element compound fertilizer 10kg/667 square meters, suitable fertilizer can be used later 20-30kg/667 square meters of ammonium bicarbonate or urea 10kg/667 square meters.
In addition, due to different types of vegetables, the degree of nitrate absorption is also different. Eggplant, pepper, carrot, tomato, radish and other fruit and vegetables and root vegetables, lighter accumulation of nitrate, nitrate should be applied 20-30 days before harvest. Cabbage, leaf lettuce, etc., for the accumulation of nitrate, can be a small amount of application; cabbage, leeks, spinach, Ge camp, etc., is easy to accumulate nitrate, is strictly prohibited the application of nitrate nitrogen. Spring vegetables less nitrogen, spring vegetables light is weak, easy to accumulate nitrate, should not be applied or less nitrogen fertilizer; summer and autumn vegetables during the growing season, high temperatures, containing less nitric acid, can be appropriate application of some nitrogen fertilizer, high fertilizer to disable nitrogen fertilizer; low Fertilized vegetable fields, the accumulation of nitrate in vegetables lighter, can be applied nitrogen fertilizer, organic fertilization fertility; humus-rich soil, vegetables, high nitrate content, should be banned nitrogen fertilizer. The nitrate content of the same vegetable under different climatic conditions is also different. Under normal high temperature and strong light, the nitrate accumulation is less; on the contrary, under low temperature and weak light, a large amount of nitrate is accumulated. During the fertilization process, the types of vegetables, cultivation seasons, and climatic conditions should be taken into consideration. A reasonable amount of fertilizer should be used to ensure that the nitrate content is within the stipulated range of pollution-free vegetables.
Precautions:
Not apply. Ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate and compound fertilizers containing nitrate nitrogen can easily accumulate nitrates in vegetables. Vegetable fields should not be applied at all. Ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium acetate should be used to control their use. Must be deeply covered in soil.
The deep application of nitrogen fertilizer to cover soil, deep in the soil about 15-18cm, so that the slow nitrification, high fertilizer utilization, can reduce the accumulation of nitrate in vegetables.
Control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. The accumulation of nitrate in vegetables increases with the increase of the amount of fertilizer. The amount of fertilizer per 667 square meters should be controlled within 25kg of standard nitrogen, 60%-70% of it should be used as full-scale base fertilizer, and 30%-40% should be used as seedling fertilizer. Deeply.
Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied early. Nitrogen fertilizer is the best at the seedling stage, which helps the vegetables to grow early and grow quickly, which helps reduce the accumulation of nitrate.
Reapply organic fertilizer. Organic manure should be decomposed by high-temperature heaping, killing pathogens and eggs before application, so organic fertilizers will not cause nitrate pollution of vegetables, not only good quality, but also resistant to storage. Biogas residue liquid has high efficiency and is often applied with fewer pests and diseases, which can reduce the amount of pesticides and increase the yield of vegetables. Vegetables produced from biogas residue are the best pollution-free vegetables.
Leafy vegetables cannot be fertilized. Foliar spray directly with the air, ammonium ions easily become nitrate ions absorbed by the leaves, nitrate accumulation increased, but also resistant to storage.
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