East Asian cornflower
The locust is a collective term for Orthoptera, an orthoptera subfamily, and there are more than 600 species in China. The most harmful ones are the East Asian migratory locust and the Asian migratory locust.
The scientific name Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen) is orthoptera and genus Acrididae. It is distributed in China from Hebei, Shanxi, and Shaanxi in the north, to Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan in the south, to the coastal provinces in the east, and to Sichuan and Gansu in the west. Yellow Huaihai area is often made.
The hosts include wheat, corn, sorghum, millet, rice, alfalfa and many other grasses. It can also harm cotton, soybeans, vegetables, etc.
The characteristics of damage, nymphs bite the plant's leaves and stems, in large groups when the migration occurs, the crop into a crop of light stalks. The disasters in Chinese history books are mainly East Asian cornices. It has happened more than 800 times.
Morphological characteristics Female adults 39.5-51.2mm in length, male adults 33.5-41.5mm. Brown or green. The tentacles are filiform, mostly light yellow, with compound eye 1 pair of monocular 3. After the compound eye has a pale stripe, a dark stripe beneath the front. The thoracodorsal plate is saddle-shaped and the ridgeline is well developed. The forewings are developed and often exceed the middle part of the hind foot intestine, with dark stripes and luster. The rear wing is colorless and transparent. The hind foot leg inner half is black, the proximal part has a black ring, and the hind foot red. Affected by environmental conditions in the field, there are often two types of gregarious and scattered. The egg is about 6.5mm long, light yellow, cylindrical, slightly pointed at one end, slightly rounded at the other end. Eggs are brown and cylindrical, 53-67 mm long, slightly curved, and the upper part is slightly fine. The egg masses are covered with sponge-like glial material, and 4 rows of egg particles are arranged in the lower part. Nymphs, also known as cockroaches, are similar in size to adults. A total of 5 years old.
Living habits 1 generation in the north of Beijing, 2 generations in the Bohai Bay, lower reaches of the Yellow River, and 2 in the Yangtze River Valley, 3 generations in a few years, 3 generations in Guangxi, Guangdong, and Taiwan, and 4 generations in Hainan. The migratory locust in East Asia has no diapause, and eggs are used for wintering in the soil throughout the country. In the second generation of areas such as Shandong, Anhui, and Jiangsu, the wintering eggs are hatched at the end of April and the middle of April and the summer, and they are feathered into summer worms after 35 to 40 days, and the summer worms are 55 to 60 days old. After eclosion, they are crossed by 10 days. The days of spawning, egg period 15-20 days, early in mid-July into the spawning period, hatching nymphs known as the autumn maggots, but also after 25-30 days into the autumn eclosion. L5-20 days of life began to lay eggs, in September after entering the spawning season began to winter. In the high-temperature, drought-stricken year, three generations of cockroaches hatched in late August and late September. Most of them died of freezing in the winter, and only a few individuals were able to emerge as adults to lay eggs for winter. Adults lay their eggs with obvious selectivity for topography, soil properties, soil surface firmness, vegetation, etc. Each female cockroach generally produces 4, 5 egg pieces, each egg piece contains about 65 eggs. The adult planthoppers feed almost all day and can eat 2678 foods throughout their lives. The density of hog feces is scattered. When the density is large, the individuals can contact each other and gradually accumulate into clusters. The gregarious type of migratory locust has the habit of migrating from long distances, and migratory movements usually occur 5 to 10 days after emergence and before the maturity of sexual organs. When moving, you can stay in the air for 1-3 days. As for divergent cornices, when there are more than 10 insects per 11m2, migrations sometimes occur. The gregarious type of fly fleas contain more fat, less water and strong activity, but the number of ovaries is small and the number of eggs laid is low. The divergent type is the opposite. Wee locusts prefer to inhabit in low-lying, easy-to-use, drought-prone or unsteady beaches or beaches, as well as in large-area wastelands or extensively ploughed wasteland, with low-lying reeds, thatch or salt sorghum, and sedges. plant. In case of drought, this type of wasteland will increase with the shrinkage of the arid surface, which will facilitate the growth of locusts, increase the area suitable for locusts, and easily cause plagues. Therefore, every year of major droughts, we must pay attention to the control of locusts. Natural enemies include parasitic bees, parasitic flies, birds, and frogs.
Control methods (1) Agricultural control. Pay attention to the construction of water conservancy, dredge the rivers, support irrigation and drainage, and ensure drought and good harvest; promote the cultivation of wasteland and afforestation, create ecological conditions that are not conducive to the occurrence of locusts, and make the locusts lose their breeding grounds for spawning. We must resolutely implement the principle of "restructuring and remedying parallel and eradicating harms." Do fundamental control of disaster relief. (2) Do a good job of predicting and forecasting locusts to accurately understand lyrics. When there are 5 flying leeks per 10m2, it is necessary to timely spray 75% malathion EC on ultra-low volume or low-volume spraying when wolfberry enters the third age. For aircraft control, 60-70g per 667m2 of medication and 758 for ground spray. 45% malathion EC can also be used for ground ultra-low-volume spray, 667m2 medication 75-100g, in addition can also be used 5% fulin EC or 2.5% enemy kill permethrin insecticide per 667m2 50g ultra-low volume spray.
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