Dairy cows assist midwifery methods and postpartum care
Recently, the author visited several scale pastures in several provinces and cities, and exchanged views with some local farmers on dairy cows' feeding and management. During the inspection and exchange process, it was found that there are many problems concerning the protection of dairy cows from postnatal birth canal injury and care. Now the cows Some problems encountered in the midwifery process are briefly explained.
In actual production, there are many factors that cause dystocia during calving of dairy cows. Cows are prematurely mated, small individuals lead to narrow birth canal, and damage to the birth canal. Dairy cows are obese, resulting in excessive accumulation of fat in the pelvic cavity, resulting in narrow birth canal; thin and weak, unable to Output of the fetus, the fetus is too large, deformity, stillbirth, abnormal fetal position, malposition can occur dystocia. It is necessary to strengthen the feeding and management of dry-milk cows, feed more high-quality forage grasses, and strictly prohibit the feeding of moldy and non-digestible feeds; the cattle pens must not be overcrowded, often kept clean, dry, and given proper exercise and sunlight. . In addition, the initial weight of young cows should not be too small. When dystocia occurs, the midwifery should be performed in a timely manner according to specific conditions. The method is briefly described as follows:
Prenatal examination
1. The first thing to understand is when cows start giving birth, whether they are first born or passed, if the membranes are broken, if there is any outflow of amniotic fluid, the size of the abdomen and the cows, check whether the cows have shrunk and whether the blame is strong. Cows are often difficult to produce due to the narrow birth canal; the hard-to-produce mothers are mostly caused by the fetus's position, orientation, and posture.
2. Check the birth canal for mucous membrane edema, whether the surface is dry and moist, and whether there is bleeding injury, and pay attention to the degree of birth canal injury and whether there is pollution and infection.
3. When examining the fetus through the birth canal, attention should be paid to the fetal position, the potential of the fetus, whether the fetal orientation is normal, and whether the fetus survives and dies.
4. Check the whole body condition of the cow, such as mental state, pulse, and breathing. If there is something too weak or hyperactive and the heart rate is not uniform, take measures such as infusion or cardiac stimulation.
Pre-Mid-care Preparation Place the standing cow in proper posture and stand on Baoding. If you can't stand, you can lay the cow on the side of a soft dunnage to Baoding Midwifery.
The part of the midwifery's arms and fetus exposed to the mother's body and the perineum and tail of the cow were washed with warm water, and the tail was tied to the body side with a string, and the perineum was disinfected with a 0.2% benzalkonium bromide solution.
Need to take care of midwifery equipment should be carefully disinfected; and 2 to 4 midwifery cotton rope soaked with disinfectant soft for traction fetus.
Midwifery precautions First, the fetus must be returned to the birth canal or uterine cavity, and then the direction, position, and posture of the fetus should be corrected.
When forced to pull the fetus, the operator cooperates with the frequency of the cow's responsibility to guide other assistants to pull the strength, direction and time of the fetus so as not to damage the birth canal. Note that the assistants involved should not be excessive, so as not to cause excessive force to pull, resulting in tearing of the birth canal or fetal injury.
In order to smooth the birth canal and protect the mucous membranes, lubricants such as artificial paraffin oil and medicinal soft soap can be injected into the birth canal of dystocia cows.
For the correction of hopeless fetal position and cervical stenosis, pelvic stenosis should be carried out in a timely manner Caesarean section fetal surgery; for the fetus has been dead to determine the output is hopeless, can be used hidden blade knife or a tire device dismembered after stillbirth removed. At this time, we must pay attention to the protection of the birth canal and the self-protection of the midwife to avoid causing damage to the cow's birth canal and midwifery personnel.
Dystocia midwifery is unable to give birth to the cow's midwifery: The operator puts his arm into the birth canal and, according to the above-mentioned precautions, forcibly pulls out the fetus. Or oxytocin, oxytocin or pituitary pheromone and other drugs, the dose of 8 ml to 10 ml, if necessary, wait for 20 minutes to 30 minutes after repeated injections.
Fetal posture is not right midwifery: head and neck scoliosis, the fetus has legs out of the birth canal, and head and neck bent to one side, can not be produced, the operator will arm into the birth canal examination can be touched. If the fetus is small in shape and the birth canal is lubricated and the torsion is not severe, the head can be corrected by hand. On the contrary, the fetus is large, the birth canal is dry, and the torsion is severe. The limbs that have been stretched out should be pushed back into the depth of the birth canal, and the head and neck of the bend should be corrected. When the head and neck are bent, and the head and neck bend between the two forelimbs or on the side, they cannot be smoothly produced. When the midwifery is delivered, the fetal limbs that are sticking out of the birth canal are sent back to the uterine cavity. The operator's arm then goes deeper along the ventral side of the fetus. When the fetal lip is closed, the fetal lips and jaw are fastened by hands, and then the midwife's shoulder is held with a midwifery fork. At this time, the operator's hand pulls the fetal head straight out and the other hand uses a fork. The fetal head is pushed into the uterine cavity and the opposing force is used to fully correct the fetal head. Head-to-back or dystocia caused by head and neck torsion, such as the fetal head is slightly biased, the head can be pulled to the right position by pressing the lip. If the fetal head is turned back or reversed seriously, the fetus is first pushed into the uterine cavity, and after correction, it is pulled into the birth canal in a positive position. When forelimbs are caused by the flexion of the wrist joints to the birth canal, the fetus is pushed back into the uterus. The operator's arm extends into the birth canal, holding the hooves of the flexed forelimbs and lifting upwards, and then pulling the hoof into the pelvic cavity to straighten the forelegs. . The posture of the hind limbs is not correct, and it often occurs in the hip flexion of the inverted fetus. It extends to the front and is called sitting. At this time, the correction method is the same as that of the forelimb. If the fetus is not in shape, it can be corrected and forcibly pulled out. Do not pull the tail. It is best to pull the thighs. After correcting the above miscarriage positions and postures, the fetus can be slowly pulled out. If there is difficulty in pulling out a small number of people, a sterile obstetrical cord can be used to trap a certain part of the fetus, and then the assistant can pull in the direction of the birth canal.
Midwife care to prevent infection. After the fetus is pulled out of the fetus, rinse with the 0.2% benzalkonium bromide solution or potassium permanganate solution around the birth canal and the vulva. The tract may also be coated with chlortetracycline powder or oxytetracycline powder.
If there is bleeding in the birth canal, intramuscular injection of hemostatic agent, surgical treatment of large wounds to do.
Oral normal people can be injected oxytocin and prostaglandin and vitamin ADE mixture, etc., in order to promote contraction of the birth canal and promote the discharge of the placenta as soon as possible.
Cows can be fed with traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for qi and blood to prevent postpartum uterine cramps. Post-partum milk cows who are unable to stand up and become weak are required to infuse nutritional supplements in a timely manner so that the cows can stand as soon as possible to promote recovery of the birth canal and discharge of the placenta.
Since cows have more water loss after childbirth, they should be given about 15 kilograms of warm, sufficient bran, salt, and calcium porridge after the fetus is produced (1kg to 2kg of bran, 100g to 150g of salt). Grams, calcium carbonate 50 grams), can play a warm stomach, hunger, increase abdominal pressure, is conducive to the discharge of the tires and cows to restore physical strength. Pay attention to the amount of salt feeding should not be too large, otherwise it will increase the degree of breast edema, while feeding the cow a high quality, soft tender hay 1 kg to 2 kg.
When the placenta is stuck, the placenta should be treated no less.
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