Media survey said production and marketing dislocation is the main cause of banana sales in Hainan

Question: How to get out of the “Do not sell farmers, people can not afford to buy” strange circle - Hainan banana "selling difficulties" tracking Xinhua News Agency reporter Sun Zhiping Xia Guannan Wang Hui Yu recently Hainan banana sales have become the focus of online topics. On July 8, the “Jujiao Action” initiated by Taobao. 173 tons of Hainan bananas sold out in 24 hours. Under the government regulation, market regulation, and the promotion of non-governmental forces, banana prices in Hainan have risen slightly. The best quality bananas can reach 1.6 yuan/kg.

In recent years, the continuous emergence of bananas, peppers and other agricultural products in Hainan has been slow-moving, and the “peasants cannot afford to sell and people cannot afford to buy” cycle has repeatedly appeared. The reporter's investigation found that the lack of scientific planting guidance and the disconnection between production and sales are the main reasons for the “selling difficulties” of unsalable agricultural products. The excessive circulation and the price manipulation by middlemen have led to high retail prices of terminals. Experts believe that solving this problem requires “visible hands” to make efforts to strengthen the organization of agriculture and shorten the circulation chain.

Repeatedly producing and selling prices "Icefire two heavy days"

Since the end of May this year, the purchase price of bananas in Hainan has rapidly declined. The average price of land in the land has fallen to 0.4 yuan per kilogram, which is far below the cost of production. At the same time, the prices of some large supermarkets and retail outlets in Hainan have remained at one kilogram per kg. The high price of yuan to 6 yuan. The price of production and sales presents the pattern of “ice and fire”.

Reporters recently found that interviews with banana producers in Ledong, Sanya, and Chengmai in Hainan have revealed that the vast majority of banana growers are faced with the problem of banana “selling difficulties”. A large number of mature bananas are hung on branches or harvested. No one acquired the head and banana farmers couldn't help.

Several banana farmers from Guangxi in Wanchong Town, Ledong Autonomous County, Hainan, faced the freshly picked bananas. "The bananas have been picked up for several days and will soon be cooked, but nobody buys them. We are very anxious." The banana grower Huang Yijun told the reporter, “The cost of planting bananas is about 0.8 yuan per kilogram, and about 25 to 30 kilograms per banana. Now even if no one wants 2 yuan per plant, we might as well feed it to the pigs.”

Almost every household in Meiyu Village, Dafeng Town, Chengmai County planted bananas, and Zheng Youfang, the director of the village committee, told reporters that a total of 2,500 mu of land was planted in the village. “This year's loss is substantial, and farmers’ own work and their own land are in deficit. Needless to say, those large farmers who contracted land and hired workers have grown more and lost more.” Because there are no cooperatives in the village, all the purchasers come to the field through “agents” and the price drops to 0.4 yuan per kilogram once. To about 0.6 yuan, while the planting cost is about 1.4 yuan per kilogram.

While the banana farmer feels "heartburn" when it cannot sell bananas, the banana retail market is exactly the opposite. The reporter learned from some supermarkets and retail vendors in Haikou that the selling price of bananas in Hainan's real estate once reached more than 5 yuan per kilogram, and there are very few buyers. Mr. Wang, a citizen, said with a smile that bananas are too expensive to buy, and that there are many varieties of fruit on the market. Bananas are not a must.

Not only bananas but also Hainan vegetables have experienced similar situations many times in recent years. Hainanese who guarded the "garden garden" but eat "high-priced vegetables" brought a lot of embarrassment to Hainan Island. The high price difference between the retail price and the purchase price has made vegetables and vegetables more and more difficult to sell. The public has become more and more difficult to buy, and the “vegetable basket” has become increasingly heavy.

Blind planting and poor circulation In the past 10 years, bananas in Hainan have experienced three bleak sales. According to experts, there are many reasons for the banana market crash, but blindly follow the trend to expand the planting area, banana short-term concentrated listing, oversupply is the main reason.

According to Meng Xuru, director of the South Asia Hot Work Office of Hainan Provincial Agriculture Department, the area of ​​banana planting in Hainan increased significantly in 2010. This year, the harvestable area is at least 850,000 mu, which is 150,000 mu more than last year. The output is expected to reach 1.7 million to 190 yuan. Tens of thousands of tons was the peak of planting after the banana banana market in Hainan was affected by the 2007 banana carcinogen incident.

Meng Xuru said that Hainan banana is a typical tropical high-efficiency industry. Under normal circumstances, the profit per acre of bananas ranges from 4,000 yuan to 6,000 yuan. From 2008 to 2010, Hainan's bananas rose continuously for three consecutive years. Many ethnic bananas have profits exceeding 100%, and even 1 mu of bananas have earned 10,000 yuan in profits. As a result, serious blind cultivation has been induced and even some real estate has been induced. Developers also switched to growing bananas, resulting in an excessive increase in banana planting area in 2010 and excessive supply this year.

The banana farmer Huang Weixiu contracted the land for 5 years at Meiyu Village, Dafeng Town, Chengmai County, and planted bananas for 5 years. “Two years to make money and three years to lose money.” Huang Weixiu said: “The banana farmers are actually blind, this year's market is good, and they will be a little bit different next year. It is not good to plant a little bit less next year.” He expanded 100 acres this year, but did not expect the banana market to be in stark contrast to last year.

Meng Xuru said that in addition to the excessive growth of planting areas, the spring bananas and summer bananas in Hainan and Guangdong have been superimposed and listed on a centralized basis, causing the banana market to become saturated and oversupply and causing banana prices to “divide”. Hainan bananas occupy the seasonal advantage in the country, and are the main producing areas of China's spring bananas and summer bananas. The centralized listing period is generally from March to June. Due to the influence of low-temperature and low-light weather at the beginning of the year, the harvest time of Hainan Spring Bananas was postponed by 20 to 30 days. The spring bananas that were supposed to be listed in April were also “collided” with the summer bananas, causing the amount of bananas out of the island to soar.

Blind planting and bringing together stockpiles have caused the banana purchase price to “sweep”, and the high end-price in the retail market is due to the continuous increase in the cost of circulation and link circulation.

Li Shaoping, a purchaser from Guangxi, began buying bananas in Hainan in 2003. She told reporters that banana prices have been unstable during the past few years. This year her purchase price has been reduced to around 0.12 yuan to 0.15 yuan per kilogram, and it is difficult to guarantee profitability. She gave the reporter an account. She bought it in the hands of farmers and shipped it to Henan. The freight per ton was 500 yuan, a car was 33 tons, and the freight was more than 10,000 yuan. It must be sold at 1.7 yuan per kilogram without loss, but sometimes The shot price can only reach 1.6 yuan per kilogram. “So Cheng Mai Mei Ting is now alone on my delivery, and several other buyers are watching.”

Wei Xianzhe, a wholesaler of the Haikou North-South fruit wholesale market, told reporters that “transportation costs, labor costs, and paving rents have all increased a lot. We can’t take the goods and we basically don’t sell bananas,” said Wei Xianzhe. The rent has risen to 4,500 yuan per month, and the labor cost has increased from the previous four or five hundred yuan to more than 1,000 yuan. From Cheng Cheng's freight rate, it was a vehicle of 100 to 200 yuan, which is now doubled.

The “visible hand” is needed to close the gap. Industry insiders believe that the “strange elephant” of disparities in the price of agricultural products in the place of production and marketing needs “deformed hands” to make decisive efforts to promote order agriculture, increase the degree of agricultural organization, and shorten circulation. Chain.

Gan Dongquan, director of the Banana Research Institute of Hainan Province, said that the current agricultural product market management system is still not perfect, and some small and medium-sized growers are extremely sensitive to price fluctuations. The banana slow-moving incident has caused some small and medium-sized growers to experience psychological panic. They began to lower prices each other at the beginning of the price drop, which gave buyers a chance to take the opportunity to suppress the purchase price. In addition, due to the aftermath of the ethereal ripening rumors, some banana farmers have wrongly judged that the rumor has ended, prices will return to the previous price, and they will not be able to sell some mature bananas in time.

Gan Dongquan said that the emergence of this situation has a lot to do with the lack of market information for banana growers and the low level of agricultural organization. The asymmetry of market information easily leads to unscientific cultivation of farmers, blindly follow the trend, and cannot accurately judge the market prospects. The lower degree of agricultural organization makes the peasants' power disperse and cannot unite to resist risks.

Zhang Jian, director of the Marketing Information Division of Hainan Provincial Department of Agriculture, believes that to solve the problem of unsalable sales, one must constantly improve the market circulation system and reduce circulation costs. On the other hand, we must continue to expand sales channels and actively develop small and medium-sized markets. At the same time, Beiyun must also focus on promoting exports. In addition, Hainan’s agricultural products industry has outstanding issues such as short industrial chain, low product processing, low added value, and large market fluctuations. Therefore, relevant departments should increase support for the construction of agricultural product processing capacity and actively cultivate and develop agricultural products. Processing leading enterprises to improve the level of agricultural industrialization in Hainan.

Meng Xuru admitted that the risk of planting bananas is relatively large, and there is a saying of “earning one year, paying for one year, and one year”, so it is particularly important to guide banana farmers to avoid market risks.

First, the government must help banana farmers solve the problem of information asymmetry, and update market information in real time. The banana farmers must also actively monitor the market dynamics and actively adjust the planting structure to ensure scientific planting in accordance with the planting laws.

Second, the majority of banana farmers must actively participate in market development, and quit the idea of ​​“waiting for, relying on, and demanding”, and cannot wait for buyers to come to buy. Strong growers can unite to organize buyers to come to buy, or transport their own, sell their own.

Third, the government must assist farmers to actively promote the use of new varieties and planting techniques, strengthen management, and not be able to relax management due to poor market conditions. At the same time, the government must also increase farmers' awareness of avoiding market risks and improve their ability to deal with risks.