Apple orchard shearing
2021-08-04 12:23:45
The pruning of apple orchards in winter should adopt different pruning measures according to the specific age, tree shape, and tree vigor of the orchard.
1. To cultivate and rejuvenate fruiting branches on the premise of maintaining the balance of growth and results for large-scale orchard trees that have been remodeled in large areas. The branches with stronger growth will be cultivated successively in successive years to cultivate the resulting branches so as to form flower buds without retraction or short cuts. For the double fruit branches, strong and weak are to be retained; the top buds formed by direct shoots of the main branches are directly sprouted. The results of the branch, according to the election of 20 centimeters or so, the excess direct sparse; the original small branches of the results, severely weakened, especially the results of the formation of flower buds after the weak branches and fruit Taiwan disposable sparse; The new branches with stronger growth will continue to be cultivated, so that the substitutions will be replaced by larger results branches. Generally, the large result branches that have been debilitated for successive years in successive years will not generally recede, and other branches will be able to produce direct results. Excluding; if the plan to develop alternatives results in smaller branches and larger spaces, the original large branches can be properly retracted and rejuvenated, short cuts at good buds (or flower buds), and then the growth can be eliminated later; The main branch prolongs the head and then sags, which can be replaced by stronger branches on the back. The results of the arrangement of the branches should be large, medium and small collocations, high, medium and low scattered, the formation of three-dimensional results, each result branches into a uniaxial extension of the result of loose drooping branches. In addition, the main branch extension head must be kept strong, extending along the way, there is no space available for trimming. Remove overlying erect branches, cross branches, overlapping densely crowded branches, and branches that do not have space for cultivation.
Second, to the trees that are not reformed, depending on the tree vigor of the previous year, the shape of the tree is changed, and the height of the main trunk (about 1 meter in the mountain orchard) is gradually raised, and the main branch with low space and no space is removed. Finally, 4 to 5 large main branches are reserved. According to the number of main branches selected, the number of leaves will fall year by year, so that the tree height will be kept at about 2.5 meters. For temporary trees that have been selected for election, under the premise of not affecting the growth of permanent trees, the results are controlled year by year, that is, the large branches are removed and the heads are lowered until they are controlled. According to the method of digging, lifting, relieving, controlling, and releasing, the large-scale reshaping method can rationally utilize space, make full use of light energy, and aim to produce high-quality apples year after year. Remember not to go all out.
Third, for the younger fruit tree of the younger age, according to the original cultivated modified spindle-shaped tree pruning, the result of the slow-release culture is the main branch, the permanent main branch to be cultivated in the future is selected, and the canopy is gradually expanded. The central leadership has reserved eight or nine small main branches. After that, the temporary main branches will be eliminated every year. If the canopy is too high, it can be retracted year by year and thrown at the small branch in the northeast direction. Other branches are trimmed with older trees.
Fourth, saplings or just beginning fruit trees are pruned by free-spindle-shaped trees, and their early results are promoted through summer pruning and slow release. In the tree culture, under the premise of promoting the growth of the central leadership, the main branch of 60 to 70 centimeters from the lower part of the lower part will be selected, spirally arranged about 30 centimeters, and the crown will be expanded to promote the result.
In short, the cultivation of trees is a dynamic process. This is an improvement of technology and a requirement of the market. In general, under normal conditions of tree vigor growth, the 8-year-old tree is free-spindle-shaped, also called trunk-type, 8-15 years for improved spindle-shaped, also known as variable trunk-type, and gradually transformed into a happy-shape after 15 years. Pruning is a means of regulation. It must be based on strengthening the management of fertilizers and waters and cooperating with a series of management in the summer, such as pest prevention and control, to realize its key role.
1. To cultivate and rejuvenate fruiting branches on the premise of maintaining the balance of growth and results for large-scale orchard trees that have been remodeled in large areas. The branches with stronger growth will be cultivated successively in successive years to cultivate the resulting branches so as to form flower buds without retraction or short cuts. For the double fruit branches, strong and weak are to be retained; the top buds formed by direct shoots of the main branches are directly sprouted. The results of the branch, according to the election of 20 centimeters or so, the excess direct sparse; the original small branches of the results, severely weakened, especially the results of the formation of flower buds after the weak branches and fruit Taiwan disposable sparse; The new branches with stronger growth will continue to be cultivated, so that the substitutions will be replaced by larger results branches. Generally, the large result branches that have been debilitated for successive years in successive years will not generally recede, and other branches will be able to produce direct results. Excluding; if the plan to develop alternatives results in smaller branches and larger spaces, the original large branches can be properly retracted and rejuvenated, short cuts at good buds (or flower buds), and then the growth can be eliminated later; The main branch prolongs the head and then sags, which can be replaced by stronger branches on the back. The results of the arrangement of the branches should be large, medium and small collocations, high, medium and low scattered, the formation of three-dimensional results, each result branches into a uniaxial extension of the result of loose drooping branches. In addition, the main branch extension head must be kept strong, extending along the way, there is no space available for trimming. Remove overlying erect branches, cross branches, overlapping densely crowded branches, and branches that do not have space for cultivation.
Second, to the trees that are not reformed, depending on the tree vigor of the previous year, the shape of the tree is changed, and the height of the main trunk (about 1 meter in the mountain orchard) is gradually raised, and the main branch with low space and no space is removed. Finally, 4 to 5 large main branches are reserved. According to the number of main branches selected, the number of leaves will fall year by year, so that the tree height will be kept at about 2.5 meters. For temporary trees that have been selected for election, under the premise of not affecting the growth of permanent trees, the results are controlled year by year, that is, the large branches are removed and the heads are lowered until they are controlled. According to the method of digging, lifting, relieving, controlling, and releasing, the large-scale reshaping method can rationally utilize space, make full use of light energy, and aim to produce high-quality apples year after year. Remember not to go all out.
Third, for the younger fruit tree of the younger age, according to the original cultivated modified spindle-shaped tree pruning, the result of the slow-release culture is the main branch, the permanent main branch to be cultivated in the future is selected, and the canopy is gradually expanded. The central leadership has reserved eight or nine small main branches. After that, the temporary main branches will be eliminated every year. If the canopy is too high, it can be retracted year by year and thrown at the small branch in the northeast direction. Other branches are trimmed with older trees.
Fourth, saplings or just beginning fruit trees are pruned by free-spindle-shaped trees, and their early results are promoted through summer pruning and slow release. In the tree culture, under the premise of promoting the growth of the central leadership, the main branch of 60 to 70 centimeters from the lower part of the lower part will be selected, spirally arranged about 30 centimeters, and the crown will be expanded to promote the result.
In short, the cultivation of trees is a dynamic process. This is an improvement of technology and a requirement of the market. In general, under normal conditions of tree vigor growth, the 8-year-old tree is free-spindle-shaped, also called trunk-type, 8-15 years for improved spindle-shaped, also known as variable trunk-type, and gradually transformed into a happy-shape after 15 years. Pruning is a means of regulation. It must be based on strengthening the management of fertilizers and waters and cooperating with a series of management in the summer, such as pest prevention and control, to realize its key role.
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