Loach breeding techniques

Loach adaptability, low disease, high survival rate, and convenient transportation have become important targets for aquaculture. In recent years, domestic demand has soared, and the market for Korea, Japan, and Europe and the United States has become extremely scarce internationally. Therefore, increasing the use of muddy aquaculture technology has practical significance in realizing the increase of agricultural income, the increase of fishermen's income, and the increase of foreign exchange.

Summer flower cultivation

Pond selection: Should choose an area of ​​1 mu to 3 acres, preferably a rectangular pond running from east to west. The wall of the pool is 90 cm to 110 cm in height, and the water depth is 60 cm to 70 cm. The water inlet and outlet must be meshed with a dense mesh (60 mesh to 80 mesh) to prevent entry of enemy pests and escape of seedlings.

Clearing and disinfecting the ponds: Disinfect the clear ponds within 10 days to 15 days before the lower seedlings. Drain the pool water first, check whether there are loopholes, and then use the bleaching powder to clean the pond with a concentration of 20 mg/l. After adding the bleached powder to the water-soluble solution, sprinkle the entire pool. After 7 days, fresh water is injected into the clear pond, and the new water injected is filtered with a 60-mesh sieve.

Feed cultivation, seedlings 7 days before stocking, pond application of fermented organic fertilizer for bait cultivation, preferably chicken manure, pig manure, the amount of 200 kg to 300 kg per acre. After 5 days to 6 days, the small zooplankton rotifers can reach the peak period. At this time, the water color is mostly yellow-green. This is the best time for seedlings and ponds.

Seedling stocking: (1) seedlings source. Seedlings can be grown on their own or purchased from seedlings. (2) Time for seedling stocking. Every year from the end of May to the end of June is the best time for stocking the seedlings. (3) Seedling stocking. Ninety-five percent of the hatchlings in the hatchery were allowed to feed before they were ready for stocking. One day before stocking, the water in the mouth of the pond should be used to test the seedlings. After 12 hours, no problem can formally release the seedlings. When the seedlings are released, the temperature difference does not exceed 3°C, and the stocking site is selected in the upwind position of the pond. Stocking densities range from 500,000 to 600,000 muddy sprays/acre.

Feed the feed: In the first week after the seedlings descend from the pond, soymilk is sprayed twice a day, at 8:00 am and 3:00 pm, and the dosage is 2.5 kg to 3.5 kg soya beans per acre. Add powder. The method for preparing the powder is: using a loach special feed with a protein content of 33%, comminuted by a 40-mesh grinder. The amount of powder is determined by the gastrointestinal filling of the seedlings. Generally, 2 kg to 3 kg per mu per day are fed twice a day. Feeding method: The powder is transferred into a thin paste with water and splashed along the edge of the pool. As the seedlings grow up, the bait also increases accordingly. At the same time, the amount of feed should be adjusted according to the weather conditions.

Water Quality Management: When seedlings are planted in ponds, the depth of pool water is preferably 50 cm. The seedlings should be filled with fresh water after raising for 7 days to raise the water level in the pond. According to the specific circumstances, the amount of water injection and the number of water injections can be flexibly controlled. Generally, the water injection is performed every other week, and the water injection is about 15 cm. Keep the transparency 20 cm to 30 cm. Regular use of EM bacteria to regulate water quality.

Daily management: During the cultivation of muddy summer flowers, stick to the morning, middle and evening tours three times a day. The first patrol should be in the early morning. If the seedlings are found gathering on the edge of the pond, indicating that the fish seedlings are deficient in oxygen, new water should be added. At the same time, oxygen generators such as “granular oxygen” are scattered around the pond. The patrol ponds in the noon and evening are mainly used to check the activities of the seedlings, especially the occurrence of air bubble disease and water quality, and to make records of the Tangkou. In addition, we must diligently remove the weeds from the ponds and pay attention to the elimination of harmful insects and frogs in the ponds at any time, constantly checking for the occurrence of fish diseases.

After a month of cultivation, when the seedlings are as long as 3 cm to 4 cm, they can be divided into large-scale seedlings.

Large-scale species breeding

Pond preparation: The pond is prepared to cultivate with summer flowers.

Feed cultivation: The cultivation of bait species should adopt the method of fertilizer and water cultivation. Early fertilizer, organic fertilizer dosage is 150 kg to 200 kg per mu. During the rearing period, organic fertilizer can be loaded with sacks or feed bags and immersed in the tank as top dressing.

鳅 species stocking: (1) 鳅 质量 质量 质量 , , quality, stocking summer flowers require regular specifications, strong physique, disease-free and deformed, body length of 3 cm or more. (2) Stocking, basal fertilization can be released within 7 days, and the general stocking density is 200 to 300 tails of muddy summer fish species per square meter, and a small amount of squid with a size of about 10 cm can also be used with a density of 50 fishes. /mu.

Feeding management: (1) Feed. In addition to increasing the natural food by fertilizing, the proportion of compound feed is gradually increased to make it fully adapt to the artificial compound feed. The content of compound feed is 33% and the particle size is 1.8 mm. (2) Feeding amount. When the water temperature starts to eat at 15°C, the daily feed amount of feed is about 2% of the fish's body weight; the temperature of 25°C to 28°C is 3% to 4%; if it is more than 30°C, it is not fed or fed little, every morning and afternoon Once in the morning, feed 30% in the morning and 70% in the afternoon. Observe the loach eating habits. It is better to eat within 1 hour to 2 hours. In addition, depending on weather conditions and water quality conditions, it should be fed as appropriate.

Feeding method: Adhere to the principle of “fixation, timing, quality, and quantity”, and sprinkle the bait along the side of the pond directly to the bottom of the pond. At the same time, 2 to 3 food stations are allocated for each mu of pond to facilitate inspection of the remaining conditions of the bait.

Daily management: Weeds are often removed from the pool to check whether there is any damage to the anti-escape facilities. We have found that loopholes were repaired in a timely manner. We observed the status of muddy feeding and activities and found timely treatment of fish diseases. Regularly determine the physical and chemical factors of the pool water, adjust it by adding new water or applying top dressing, and maintain the transparency of 20 cm to 30 cm.

Disease prevention and treatment

Disease prevention (disease prevention often takes the following measures): (1) Clear and disinfect the culture tank before stocking. (2) The seedlings (species) are strictly disinfected before stocking. (3) Control water quality and feed high-quality feed.

(4) Oral administration: 200 grams of antibiotics per 100 kilograms of feed, 500 grams of three yellow powder, 200 grams of vitamin C, mix and feed, once a month, and feed for 7 days.

(5) According to the water quality, the water body is disinfected, and beneficial microbial agents are often used.

Common disease prevention

(1) Types of diseases, common diseases of the loach include diseases caused by parasites such as trichodiae and third-generation parasites, erythrodermic disease caused by bacterial infections, rot fin disease and rotten tail disease; hydromycosis caused by water-borne mold; Bubbles caused by oversaturated gases.

(2) Prevention and control measures, parasites are mainly harmful to seedlings, and a mixture of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate with a concentration of 0.7 mg/L (5:2) can be used to control trichoatrid and tongue beetles.

Red skin disease, rot fin disease and rotten tail disease are usually induced by fish and water quality deterioration during fishing and transportation. 0.6 mg/l trichloroisocyanuric acid is used to prevent and control these bacteria. Disease.

Bubble prevention and control methods: Do a good job of monitoring the saturation of various gases in the water; ensure that the food is rich, and reduce the chance of fish fry swallowing bubbles; when the disease occurs, use 5mg/L of salt water to splash in the pool and drain away part of it. Old water and add new water.

Fishing

1. Time: from the end of September to the end of October.

2. Fishing methods: Lattice-based, ground cage as the supplement. Finally dry pond fishing.

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