Kiwi summer management technical points
2019-07-22 15:06:03
First, summer fruit, leaf, branch management
The management of fruit, leaves and branches of kiwifruit during the growing season is the most critical management link in the year.
1, fruit management: strict fruit thinning, reasonable load. For red kiwi fruit, it is required that sparse fruit hormones should not be used as much as possible, and fruit thinning work must be done. In principle, the same inflorescence sequence should be used to leave single fruit and eliminate fruit and fruit. 3-5 branches are generally reserved for long branches, 2-3 for middle branches and 1-2 for short branches. In order to grow better fresh fruit, where conditions permit, bagging techniques may be more effective. Fifteen days after pollination, the second foliar fertilizer was sprayed, and 0.3% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were still used as photosynthetic fertilizers. After spraying every 15 days, apply 5 times. After the young fruit was stopped growing for the first time, potassium and nitrogen were mainly used to apply 1 strong fruit fertilizer.
2. Management of branches and leaves: Hongyang is thin and large compared with other varieties, and its resistance to stress is poor, and its branches are slender and easy to fold. In strong winds, attention should be paid to tying and guiding vines. Most likely to be broken by the wind is a good result of the second year. In case of dry hot wind, spray water on the foliage where conditions permit, so as not to burn the leaves with dry hot air. The construction of leeward areas should be selected for the construction of the lee, and the construction of shelterbelts should be strengthened to gradually improve the microclimate so that the kiwifruit can be in a warm and humid climate.
3, summer pruning: In the bud, first eliminate the inappropriate position without flower buds, dense buds, weak buds. After the pollination is over, start topping. Topping is the removal of 3-4 leaves from the tip of 15-25 leaves. For 35 leaves of long branches, 4-6 leaves are removed and the newly grown branches are removed in time. Twice again. Proper lengthening of the branches or the appropriate location of the strong branches should be cultivated and cultivated into the second year of the result. According to the branch shooter program, it is generally necessary to pick flowers at 80cm.
V. Soil Management
The soil is the basis for good growth of kiwifruit. The kiwifruit root is a fleshy root and 70% of the root system grows in parallel. In terms of management, the young trees are required to leave a one-meter tree plate, and the large tree leaves a two-meter tree plate for crops. The whole park is not a high stalk crop. Dig up the grass and loosen the soil in the tree tray to keep the soil air-permeable. Fertilize and rub the grass as shallow as possible to avoid damaging the main root. Where conditions permit, high-quality green manures can be planted on tree trays or in whole gardens and no-tillage methods can be implemented. Fertilizer in summer should be "eat less food," in principle, avoid the application of high concentrations of chemical fertilizers, and disable ammonium fertilizer. In case of high temperature and drought, water should be irrigated before 11 am or after 4 pm, combined with straw, wheat straw, and weeds to achieve drought-resistant moisturizing.
Picking
Since kiwifruit is a particularly precooked red meat type, when determining the harvest time, it is necessary to look at the fruit hardness and solids content, but also consider the degree of pulp coloring. In general, after 17-18 weeks of pollination, the fruit is basically mature, and the environment of different sites is different. If the fruit used for preservation can be deep solids content should be greater than 6.5%. The flesh hardness should be above 6.5kg/0.5cm2, 70% of the flesh is red.
VII. Pest Control
Kiwifruit is less pest-infested than other fruits, mainly prevention. In principle, the medicine should be used 4 times a year: first, trunk whitening in winter, 3-5 Baume degree lime sulfur in winter and spring, and second, spray before flowering. The bactericidal agents such as stilbazin were used once; the third was the prevention of damage to beetles, leafhoppers, and red-yellow spiders at the flowering and young fruiting stages; and the fourth was the spraying of thiophanate-methyl or fungicides on the whole park 15 days before fruit harvest. Iron deficiency areas to prevent yellow leaf disease.
The management of fruit, leaves and branches of kiwifruit during the growing season is the most critical management link in the year.
1, fruit management: strict fruit thinning, reasonable load. For red kiwi fruit, it is required that sparse fruit hormones should not be used as much as possible, and fruit thinning work must be done. In principle, the same inflorescence sequence should be used to leave single fruit and eliminate fruit and fruit. 3-5 branches are generally reserved for long branches, 2-3 for middle branches and 1-2 for short branches. In order to grow better fresh fruit, where conditions permit, bagging techniques may be more effective. Fifteen days after pollination, the second foliar fertilizer was sprayed, and 0.3% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were still used as photosynthetic fertilizers. After spraying every 15 days, apply 5 times. After the young fruit was stopped growing for the first time, potassium and nitrogen were mainly used to apply 1 strong fruit fertilizer.
2. Management of branches and leaves: Hongyang is thin and large compared with other varieties, and its resistance to stress is poor, and its branches are slender and easy to fold. In strong winds, attention should be paid to tying and guiding vines. Most likely to be broken by the wind is a good result of the second year. In case of dry hot wind, spray water on the foliage where conditions permit, so as not to burn the leaves with dry hot air. The construction of leeward areas should be selected for the construction of the lee, and the construction of shelterbelts should be strengthened to gradually improve the microclimate so that the kiwifruit can be in a warm and humid climate.
3, summer pruning: In the bud, first eliminate the inappropriate position without flower buds, dense buds, weak buds. After the pollination is over, start topping. Topping is the removal of 3-4 leaves from the tip of 15-25 leaves. For 35 leaves of long branches, 4-6 leaves are removed and the newly grown branches are removed in time. Twice again. Proper lengthening of the branches or the appropriate location of the strong branches should be cultivated and cultivated into the second year of the result. According to the branch shooter program, it is generally necessary to pick flowers at 80cm.
V. Soil Management
The soil is the basis for good growth of kiwifruit. The kiwifruit root is a fleshy root and 70% of the root system grows in parallel. In terms of management, the young trees are required to leave a one-meter tree plate, and the large tree leaves a two-meter tree plate for crops. The whole park is not a high stalk crop. Dig up the grass and loosen the soil in the tree tray to keep the soil air-permeable. Fertilize and rub the grass as shallow as possible to avoid damaging the main root. Where conditions permit, high-quality green manures can be planted on tree trays or in whole gardens and no-tillage methods can be implemented. Fertilizer in summer should be "eat less food," in principle, avoid the application of high concentrations of chemical fertilizers, and disable ammonium fertilizer. In case of high temperature and drought, water should be irrigated before 11 am or after 4 pm, combined with straw, wheat straw, and weeds to achieve drought-resistant moisturizing.
Picking
Since kiwifruit is a particularly precooked red meat type, when determining the harvest time, it is necessary to look at the fruit hardness and solids content, but also consider the degree of pulp coloring. In general, after 17-18 weeks of pollination, the fruit is basically mature, and the environment of different sites is different. If the fruit used for preservation can be deep solids content should be greater than 6.5%. The flesh hardness should be above 6.5kg/0.5cm2, 70% of the flesh is red.
VII. Pest Control
Kiwifruit is less pest-infested than other fruits, mainly prevention. In principle, the medicine should be used 4 times a year: first, trunk whitening in winter, 3-5 Baume degree lime sulfur in winter and spring, and second, spray before flowering. The bactericidal agents such as stilbazin were used once; the third was the prevention of damage to beetles, leafhoppers, and red-yellow spiders at the flowering and young fruiting stages; and the fourth was the spraying of thiophanate-methyl or fungicides on the whole park 15 days before fruit harvest. Iron deficiency areas to prevent yellow leaf disease.
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