Improve the coloring rate of Red Fuji apples

Improving the coloring rate of Red Fuji apple is an important measure to promote sales and increase market competitiveness:

1. Reasonable thinning and adjustment of branch angles From August to September, the undisturbed and semi-reshaped orchards, especially the orchards with severe overlap of main twigs, are made of strong pull-pulls, with three sawing methods, and the main branches are angled. At 100-130 degrees, the angle between the main branch and the main pole is opened so as to ease the tree vigor and promote flower buds. The use of hanging sticks and vertical pillars shall be adopted in time for the main branch of the fruit-bearing overrun. The middle and lower hanging fruit branches are pulled and pulled with a pull rope to prevent fruit weight from breaking and hurting the fruit branches. This leaves gaps between the main branches to facilitate the diffusion of stray light into the interior of the crown to increase photosynthetic efficiency.

Swiftly stand up on the back of each main branch, remove inner branches, cuts, scallops, and dense branches that have budded on both sides of each main branch; then remove the shoots from the back and the crown. And dense shade branches, young and thin sections of the upper branches of light cutting branches, inhibit the growth of autumn shoots, increase tree storage nutrients, and promote coloring.

Second, in addition to bags This is the key to ensure the quality of the fruit. The fruit is required to grow in the bag for about 100 to 110 days. The double-layered red-growing fruit bag is preferably divided into two bags. High-altitude fruits are quickly colored, and bags can be removed 15 to 20 days before the normal fruit picking. Fruits in the low-altitude areas are slowly colored. Bags can be removed 20 to 25 days before the fruit is harvested normally. Extra bags are removed first, and within 3 to 5 days. Remove the inner bag. When removing the bag, it is best to choose cloudy or cloudy weather to remove the bag. The bag should be removed on sunny days at 9 to 12 o'clock and at 3 to 7 o'clock in the afternoon. In addition to the inner bag, the bags in the eastern, north and crowns of the crown can be removed in the morning. When bags are removed in the afternoon, they should be torn off from the southern and western parts of the canopy to cover the fruit and prevent bags from being removed at high temperatures to prevent sunburn.

Third, pick the leaves and fruit before removing the bag, it is best to choose cloudy or sunny, not on the rainy days to remove bags, to prevent bacteria invasion of the fruit surface. First cut the shading and fruit-bearing leaves within 15 to 20 cm around the fruit. After 5 to 6 days, remove the light blocking leaves, leaflets, thin leaves, yellow leaves, and old leaves around the fruit, and then remove the autumn shoots. The leaves that affect the light transmission on the leaves and middle upper branches should retain the functional leaves as much as possible so as not to affect the photosynthetic efficiency. When the leaves are removed, the middle, lower and inner canopies of the canopy are removed first, and then the outer periphery of the crown is removed. In short, the number of leaves should not exceed 20-30% of the whole tree. The fruit transfer is performed within 5 to 8 days after the bag is removed, and the positive surface color of the fruit is about 70%. Choose cloudy or sunny evenings. Gently rotate the fruit to turn the shady side to the sun side. Do not use too much force to avoid twisting the fruit. Transfer the fruit 2 to 3 times. It is better to use the transparent narrow tape to fix the fruit that cannot be fixed after fruit transfer. Near the branches.

Fourth, foliar spray fertilizer 9 to 10 months, when the fruit is close to maturity and coloring, every 8 to 10 days, pay attention to spray foliar fertilizer. Make Red Fuji apples colored and colored in advance.

Fifth, the timely spraying of disease-prevention and calcium supplementation after removing the bag of apple skin fine and tender, easily infected with red spot disease increased pore size, cracks appear, and the calcium was significantly decreased, prone to calcium deficiency disease and other diseases, and fruit There is a small crack on the surface, which reduces the storage and commercial performance of the fruit. Therefore, after the removal of the bag should be sprayed once the fungicide and calcium fertilizer, fungicides can be selected 68.75% DuPont Yi Bao, etc., calcium can use efficient Merrill Lynch calcium.

6. The squirt regulates the orchard's microclimate from September. Before harvesting, if it is hot and drought-free, stick to it every day or every other day of the evening at 5 o'clock. Sprinkle clean water on the trees to increase the air humidity in the orchard and increase the temperature difference between day and night. Increased photosynthesis in leaves, accumulation of sugar in fruits, and promoted full coloration of fruits.

7. Harvested medium-ripe apples are timely harvested. Late-maturing red Fuji apples are best applied before they are harvested. Base fertilizers are mainly organic fertilizers with decomposed organic fertilizers, and appropriate amounts of inorganic fertilizers are added. Practice has proved that Apple's later application of potassium fertilizer and calcium, boron, copper, magnesium, iron, strontium, barium, molybdenum and other trace elements on the fruit coloring effect is excellent.

VIII. Reflective film under the tree at the end of September or early October, after the bag is removed by the apple, the silver reflective film is laid along the direction of the tree, which is conducive to the coloring of the fruit in the canopy and the lower part of the canopy, especially the pods of the fruit. . Two rows are laid on each row and tiled at the center of the lower part of the canopy, typically about 0.5 centimeters from the tree pole. When we shop, we remove the weeds from the trees, level the land, remove the hard debris, clean the membrane, and compact the edges. The film is best dropped with an 80# apple or a white plastic bag, diagonal pressure, separated by 1 to 1.2 meters can be. Clean the membrane surface after shop, keep it clean and increase the reflective effect. 1~2 days before harvesting, the membrane is collected, washed and dried, and then used afterwards. The membrane needs 400 to 500 square meters per mu.

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