Rape field locust

The scientific name of rapeseed larvae mainly includes radish pods Lipaphis erysimi pseudobrassicae (Davis), also known as Brassica juncea, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), Sulzer, and Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus). Commonly known as honey worms, insects, oil bugs and so on. All belong to the order Homoptera, Amaranthidae. Widely distributed throughout the country.

Host cruciferous vegetables such as rapeseed. Radish pods like the hairy rape variety on the rapeseed. In addition to cruciferous plants, peach aphid also harms tobacco, pepper, Potato, eggplant, melons, soybeans, peaches, plums, apricots, plums and more than 170 species of plants. Brassica oleracea is less common on rape, and it prefers smooth, glabrous cabbage and broccoli.

The damage characteristics of the above three kinds of locusts are as follows: if the locusts, stalks, and stalks of the oil larvae are sucked and sucked on the back or leaves, the leaves will suffer from fading spots, severe yellowing, deformation, or dying. . The stems and pedicels suffered from malformation and the silage development was abnormal or withered. In addition, rape virus disease can also be transmitted.

Morphological characteristics Radish, pupa, winged, female, head, chest black, Green belly. Each of the 1st and 6th abdominal segments has its own marginal spot. Before and after the abdominal canal, the spot is healed. The first segment has a narrow back band, the fifth segment has a small median spot, the sixth to eighth segments each have a transverse band, and the sixth segment has a transverse band. irregular. The third and fifth sections of the antennae have circular secondary sensory circles: 21-29, 7-14, 0-4. The wingless females have a body length of 2.3mm, a width of 1.3mm, a green or black-green color, and a thin powder. The skin is rough and has a diamond pattern. The abdomen has a long tubular shape with apex contraction and a length of 1.7 times that of the tail piece. The tail piece has 4-6 hairs. The peach pheasant, wingless and female, is 2.6 mm long and 1.1 mm wide. Body pale, dark head, rough surface, but the back of the midfield is smooth, 7th, 8 abdominal section has a net pattern. The frontal tumor is prominent, and the middle frontal tumor is microlong. The tentacles are 2.1mm long, the third section is 0.5mm long, and 16-22 hairs. The belly tube is long and tubular with black ends, 2.3 times the tail. Tail piece dark brown, conical, proximal 1/3 contraction, with 6-7 root hair. Winged female and female head, black chest, pale belly. There are 9-11 small round secondary sensory circles in the third section of the antenna. The abdomen in the back of the 4-6th section is fused into a large spot, the large margins are found in sections 2-6, and the small protrusions are in the back of section 8. Brachiopods were found to be 2.2mm in length, with a black head and chest, and a complex auburn eye. The abdomen is yellow-green, with a few dark green bands, two dark spots on each side, and a clear white wax powder covering the body. There was no frontal tumor; there were 37-49 irregularly arranged sensory holes in the third section of the antenna; the abdomen was very short, far shorter than the fifth section of the antenna, and the central part was slightly enlarged. The wingless females have a body length of 2.5mm, a dark green body, a thick white wax powder, a compound eye black, no sensory holes in the antennae, no frontal tumors, shorter abdomen ducts than the tail pieces, and an almost equilateral triangle. Two to three long hairs on each side.

Living habits Radish radish occurs in more than 10 generations in northern China and 10 in the south. In warm areas or in greenhouses, it reproduces without wings during the year. There is no significant wintering and elephant breeding; in areas north of the Yangtze River, eggs are laid on vegetables. Wintering. In March and April of Hunchun, hatching is the dry mother. After breeding on the wintering host for several generations, the winged crickets are produced and transferred to other vegetables to expand the damage, without transforming the host's habits. In the late autumn, some of them are productive and mating lays winter. The optimum temperature for radish pods was slightly broader than that of peach pods. At lower temperatures, the radish sprouts developed rapidly (17.5 days at 9.3°C, while the peach pods required 24.5 days at 9.9°C). In addition, although the host is mainly in the cruciferous family, especially the Chinese cabbage, radish and other hairy vegetables on the leaves, therefore, the occurrence of cabbage and radish is the most serious in autumn.

The Taohua North China region has occurred for more than 10 generations; in the south, it can reach as many as 30 to 40 generations. The generational overlap is extremely serious. Wingless females live in wind-blown spinach, in cellar cabbage or in greenhouses over winter, or in the vegetable heart to lay eggs for winter. Warming the greenhouse, the quail breeds on vegetables all year round, not wintering. In late spring, the winged crickets are produced in late Hunchun, and they migrate to the cabbage and broccoli that have already been planted and continue to breed. After the end of October, they enter the winter. Near the peach trees, they can also fly back to the peach trees for mating and wintering. The developmental threshold temperature of Myzus persicae is 4.3°C and the effective accumulated temperature is 137 days. The development period at 9.9°C was 24.5 days, and 25°C was 8 days. The optimum development temperature was 24°C, and higher than 28°C was unfavorable. Therefore, there were two peaks in spring and autumn in northern China. Peach pods have strong tropism towards yellow and orange, and negative tropism towards silver grey.

Brassica oleracea occurs in Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and other places for more than 10 generations, and winterizes with eggs on vegetables.

In late spring, hatching in April, the first winter buds were born and propagated on the host bud, and then the winged quail migrated to the cabbage and broccoli seedlings that had been planted. The breeding of the broccoli was continued and the damage was severe in the late spring, early summer and autumn. In early October, sexual aphids emerged, and wintering occurred when the mating eggs were laid on reserved or stored vegetables. A few of the Chengyi and Ruoqiang can also be used for wintering in the cellar. The starting temperature for the development of Brassica oleracea was 4.3°C and the effective accumulated temperature was 112.6 degrees. The optimal breeding temperature is 16-17°C, less than 14°C or greater than 18°C, and the number of litters tends to decrease; in addition, the choice of host plants prefers smooth and hairless cabbage and broccoli. When these crops were cultivated in large areas in spring and autumn in the north, the cabbage sprouts also formed two peaks in spring and autumn.

Prevention and control methods Radish pods and peach pods, broiled quail propagation speed is very fast, for this purpose should use agriculture, physics, biology and chemical defense technology for comprehensive prevention and control. (1) After the harvest of vegetables, we must promptly clean up the former rickets and remove the fields, weeds, and weeds on the ground. (2) Use yellow trap or silver gray reflective plastic film to avoid. (3) Controlling aphids with 25% seed coating No. 2 No. 1 and 50 parts of rapeseed seeds, or between Weifu 1 and 100 oil seeds, will be effective for 30 days and can reduce virus disease at seedling stage and increase the yield by 7%. about. (4) spraying domestically produced 50% anti-inflamy WP 2000 times solution or ramie 50% made in China in 2000, which is selective and effective only for aphids. It is harmless to Natural enemies, silkworms, bees and other beneficial insects, and it contributes to the ecological balance in the field. Can also be used 1. .8% Epheding EC 3000 times or 16% SF No. 3 Emulsion 1500 times, 5.7% Emulsion EC 4000 times, 10% Imidacloprid wettable powder 2500 times, 5% Ruijin special suspension agent for every 1500 times, 4.5% highly effective anti-cypermethrin EC 2000 times and so on. Many locusts are born in the heart leaf and the back of the leaves shrink, the drug is difficult to fully spray, so, in addition to requiring careful and careful spray, but also require the use of drugs on both touch, kill, fumigation triple role pesticides. Every 667m2 spray good liquid 50-60L, every 7-10 days, continuous control 2-3 times.

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