About the flat chested turtle artificial cultivation technology
2019-09-06 10:04:39
The flat chested turtle is generally used as a green turtle turtle base turtle. The purpose of the artificial breeding is to provide the green turtle with perfect shape, no incompleteness, no disease, obvious color pattern in the head, body and limbs, and sensitive activity.
2.1 Selecting or constructing a good environment Farming sites should be selected where the water quality is good (preferably natural surface water), drainage and irrigation are convenient, the environment is quiet, the winter is warm, the summer is cool, the drought is not dry, the management is convenient, and the escape and protection are prevented. Turtle ponds can be built indoors or outdoors. Indoors require ventilation and cooling. Outdoors can be equipped with a pergola. Turtle ponds can be built under the pergolas. Since they are simply built indoors, in the courtyard, or in the wild, they provide a good place for turtles to live. Generally intensive or semi-extensive farming is adopted. When pools are built, attention should be paid to standardization. The living habits of turtles should be conformed to as much as possible. Conditions such as water, sand, caverns, and foodstuffs should be used to create a good living environment. Easy to raise and manage.
Turtle Pond is a rectangle, and the bottom of the pool is slightly inclined. The drain hole is set at the lowest position to allow the pool water to be completely drained; the area is generally 4 to 10 square meters for adult turtles and 3 to 4 square meters for young turtles; the pool height is 0.8. m, a net cover should be set up on the pool to prevent its escape and enemy invasion; the water depth in the pool is 0.1-0.4m, and the water inlet pipe is installed below the net cover; the water-to-land ratio in the pool is 1:2 to 3, In addition, there are sand and caves inhabited, which need to be partially shaded. It is better to keep a group of turtles of the same size in each pool. The new pool should not be used immediately, and should be washed with water several times before it can raise turtles.
2.2 Selection and feeding of turtles Hibernating after hibernation, adult turtles were subjected to comprehensive examination and classification prior to spring propagation. Individuals were selected to have large, robust, smooth skin, well-developed, non-disabled, and undamaged, and reached sexual maturation by 1 or 2 times. The turtle is reserved for turtles. The turtles are mainly fed with animal feed such as earthworms, small fish, shrimps, snails, crabs, flies, and yellow mealworms. From May to October, the supply of feed is guaranteed, and the fed amount is approximately 5% to 10% of the turtle's weight. It is advisable to have a slight surplus after eating. Feed each day to maintain a balanced, can not be suddenly more or less, according to the specific circumstances, as appropriate, increase or decrease; strengthen feeding before hibernation. Feeding time is generally around 5:00 in the morning and evening, twice a day, fixed-point feeding.
2.3 Breeding, hatching species The stocking density of turtles is 4 per square meter, and the ratio of male to female is 3:1. During breeding of eggs, breeding turtles should be protected from panic or intense light, and artificially create an environment where the light is dim, quiet, fresh water, and suitable for spawning in the sand.
During the breeding season, the pool is patted once in the morning and the eggs produced should be collected after half a day. Eggs are gently placed in pre-prepared incubators. Eggs cannot be turned upside down during transfer. In addition to the prevention of natural enemies in the hatching process, ecological conditions should be strictly controlled. The height of the olecranon turtle should be higher for the sand thickness, and the sand particle size should be approximately 1 mm. The sand must be cleaned and disinfected regularly, and the humidity in the sand layer is 8 % ~ 9% to hold the sand into a group, let it be scattered. When hatching, the fertilized egg must have white circles at one end facing upwards, that is, the animal is facing upwards, the plant is facing downwards, and a small pit is dug into the sand with the little finger, and then the fertilized egg is placed on it so that the egg and the bottom A small "artificial gas chamber" formed between the sands is conducive to the supply and regulation of oxygen and ensures a high hatching rate. Then cover it with a thin layer of sand. The humidity in the hatchery is 80%, and the incubation temperature is controlled at about 30°C.
2.4 Culture Density The culture of flat chested tortoises adopts grading rearing and rearing according to individual size and combination of turtles. The stocking densities are generally: the specifications are below 50g 100/m2; 50~100g is 50/m2; about 200g 20/m2; 300 to 400g 10/m2; 500g 5/m2. Gradually put the 5ppm potassium permanganate solution in the bath before soaking in the pool for 30min. The general survival rate can reach 93%.
2.5 Feeding and Management
2.5.1 Baits Feeding hatchlings increased their activity significantly after hatching for three days and began to feed. Feeding of one cooked egg yolk per 100 hatchlings began at a timed feeding rate. Tenebrio were within one month of age. Animal feeds such as fly maggots are the main products. As hatchlings continue to grow, the amount of bait should gradually increase to ensure that they eat enough to eat. After five months, they should be grading and rearing, and grading according to the individual size of the turtle. Once every 1-2 months, they should be grouped and combined in the grading process, and be divided into groups with the appropriate density of the same level individuals. High quality, the amount of feeding should not be too little too much, 2 times a day at regular intervals (at intervals of 8 h or more), the amount of each feeding is balanced, can be fed some animal viscera and waste, and then feed fresh food The amount of bait is controlled at about 10% of body weight. Feeding should follow the principles of “fixed-point, regular, quantitative, and qualitative†and, at the same time, increase or decrease according to actual conditions such as individual size, appetite, climate, temperature, and quantity.
2.5.2 Day-to-day management First, we must do a good job in water quality management, change water frequently, do not directly use tap water, well water, remove daily food waste and feces from the pool, keep it clean and fresh; pH value is 6-8, and hatchlings need to maintain water temperature. At 20～29°C, the second is to “tamed†the newly introduced or captured turtles. For the time being, do not put them into the pool. Dry them, spill water properly, keep them moist, feed live food, observe their feeding and eating activities. Normally put into the pool again. The light can be diffused with indoor natural light or outdoor cool poles; the third is to do a good job in the prevention and control of predators, such as rats, snakes and birds. The turtle's eyes were found to be inflamed and congested and should be treated with chloramphenicol or erythromycin eye drops. In addition, the plastron is worn and inflamed, and the plastoplasties are ulcerated. Rinse with 1% physiological saline or 0.5% potassium permanganate solution. Then, apply sulfonamides ointment to the affected area and disinfect the feeding environment. In order to reduce unnecessary losses, raise the breeding efficiency.
2.3.5 Overheading management of flat-headed tortoises The activity and food intake gradually decrease with the decrease of outside air temperature. When the pool water temperature drops below 15°C, it basically stops activities and feeds, tending to hibernation, when the outside temperature drops. When the surface of the pool water is frozen below 0°C, hatchlings can die within a few hours. After entering the wintering period, the sand in the pool should be thickened. Covers should be added to the pool to prevent it from freezing. Wintering turtles are not completely in hibernation, and will normally move and feed at temperatures above 15°C. At this time, a small amount of food should be fed to enhance the turtle's constitution. Keep the environment quiet during winter, prevent predators, and prevent water quality from deteriorating.
Where conditions permit, a variety of heating or insulation equipment, such as greenhouses, hot water pipes, etc., can be used, or hot water and factory waste water can be used to increase the temperature of the pool water. The turtles can continue their activities and feed in order to accelerate their growth without hibernation. , shorten the breeding cycle.
2.1 Selecting or constructing a good environment Farming sites should be selected where the water quality is good (preferably natural surface water), drainage and irrigation are convenient, the environment is quiet, the winter is warm, the summer is cool, the drought is not dry, the management is convenient, and the escape and protection are prevented. Turtle ponds can be built indoors or outdoors. Indoors require ventilation and cooling. Outdoors can be equipped with a pergola. Turtle ponds can be built under the pergolas. Since they are simply built indoors, in the courtyard, or in the wild, they provide a good place for turtles to live. Generally intensive or semi-extensive farming is adopted. When pools are built, attention should be paid to standardization. The living habits of turtles should be conformed to as much as possible. Conditions such as water, sand, caverns, and foodstuffs should be used to create a good living environment. Easy to raise and manage.
Turtle Pond is a rectangle, and the bottom of the pool is slightly inclined. The drain hole is set at the lowest position to allow the pool water to be completely drained; the area is generally 4 to 10 square meters for adult turtles and 3 to 4 square meters for young turtles; the pool height is 0.8. m, a net cover should be set up on the pool to prevent its escape and enemy invasion; the water depth in the pool is 0.1-0.4m, and the water inlet pipe is installed below the net cover; the water-to-land ratio in the pool is 1:2 to 3, In addition, there are sand and caves inhabited, which need to be partially shaded. It is better to keep a group of turtles of the same size in each pool. The new pool should not be used immediately, and should be washed with water several times before it can raise turtles.
2.2 Selection and feeding of turtles Hibernating after hibernation, adult turtles were subjected to comprehensive examination and classification prior to spring propagation. Individuals were selected to have large, robust, smooth skin, well-developed, non-disabled, and undamaged, and reached sexual maturation by 1 or 2 times. The turtle is reserved for turtles. The turtles are mainly fed with animal feed such as earthworms, small fish, shrimps, snails, crabs, flies, and yellow mealworms. From May to October, the supply of feed is guaranteed, and the fed amount is approximately 5% to 10% of the turtle's weight. It is advisable to have a slight surplus after eating. Feed each day to maintain a balanced, can not be suddenly more or less, according to the specific circumstances, as appropriate, increase or decrease; strengthen feeding before hibernation. Feeding time is generally around 5:00 in the morning and evening, twice a day, fixed-point feeding.
2.3 Breeding, hatching species The stocking density of turtles is 4 per square meter, and the ratio of male to female is 3:1. During breeding of eggs, breeding turtles should be protected from panic or intense light, and artificially create an environment where the light is dim, quiet, fresh water, and suitable for spawning in the sand.
During the breeding season, the pool is patted once in the morning and the eggs produced should be collected after half a day. Eggs are gently placed in pre-prepared incubators. Eggs cannot be turned upside down during transfer. In addition to the prevention of natural enemies in the hatching process, ecological conditions should be strictly controlled. The height of the olecranon turtle should be higher for the sand thickness, and the sand particle size should be approximately 1 mm. The sand must be cleaned and disinfected regularly, and the humidity in the sand layer is 8 % ~ 9% to hold the sand into a group, let it be scattered. When hatching, the fertilized egg must have white circles at one end facing upwards, that is, the animal is facing upwards, the plant is facing downwards, and a small pit is dug into the sand with the little finger, and then the fertilized egg is placed on it so that the egg and the bottom A small "artificial gas chamber" formed between the sands is conducive to the supply and regulation of oxygen and ensures a high hatching rate. Then cover it with a thin layer of sand. The humidity in the hatchery is 80%, and the incubation temperature is controlled at about 30°C.
2.4 Culture Density The culture of flat chested tortoises adopts grading rearing and rearing according to individual size and combination of turtles. The stocking densities are generally: the specifications are below 50g 100/m2; 50~100g is 50/m2; about 200g 20/m2; 300 to 400g 10/m2; 500g 5/m2. Gradually put the 5ppm potassium permanganate solution in the bath before soaking in the pool for 30min. The general survival rate can reach 93%.
2.5 Feeding and Management
2.5.1 Baits Feeding hatchlings increased their activity significantly after hatching for three days and began to feed. Feeding of one cooked egg yolk per 100 hatchlings began at a timed feeding rate. Tenebrio were within one month of age. Animal feeds such as fly maggots are the main products. As hatchlings continue to grow, the amount of bait should gradually increase to ensure that they eat enough to eat. After five months, they should be grading and rearing, and grading according to the individual size of the turtle. Once every 1-2 months, they should be grouped and combined in the grading process, and be divided into groups with the appropriate density of the same level individuals. High quality, the amount of feeding should not be too little too much, 2 times a day at regular intervals (at intervals of 8 h or more), the amount of each feeding is balanced, can be fed some animal viscera and waste, and then feed fresh food The amount of bait is controlled at about 10% of body weight. Feeding should follow the principles of “fixed-point, regular, quantitative, and qualitative†and, at the same time, increase or decrease according to actual conditions such as individual size, appetite, climate, temperature, and quantity.
2.5.2 Day-to-day management First, we must do a good job in water quality management, change water frequently, do not directly use tap water, well water, remove daily food waste and feces from the pool, keep it clean and fresh; pH value is 6-8, and hatchlings need to maintain water temperature. At 20～29°C, the second is to “tamed†the newly introduced or captured turtles. For the time being, do not put them into the pool. Dry them, spill water properly, keep them moist, feed live food, observe their feeding and eating activities. Normally put into the pool again. The light can be diffused with indoor natural light or outdoor cool poles; the third is to do a good job in the prevention and control of predators, such as rats, snakes and birds. The turtle's eyes were found to be inflamed and congested and should be treated with chloramphenicol or erythromycin eye drops. In addition, the plastron is worn and inflamed, and the plastoplasties are ulcerated. Rinse with 1% physiological saline or 0.5% potassium permanganate solution. Then, apply sulfonamides ointment to the affected area and disinfect the feeding environment. In order to reduce unnecessary losses, raise the breeding efficiency.
2.3.5 Overheading management of flat-headed tortoises The activity and food intake gradually decrease with the decrease of outside air temperature. When the pool water temperature drops below 15°C, it basically stops activities and feeds, tending to hibernation, when the outside temperature drops. When the surface of the pool water is frozen below 0°C, hatchlings can die within a few hours. After entering the wintering period, the sand in the pool should be thickened. Covers should be added to the pool to prevent it from freezing. Wintering turtles are not completely in hibernation, and will normally move and feed at temperatures above 15°C. At this time, a small amount of food should be fed to enhance the turtle's constitution. Keep the environment quiet during winter, prevent predators, and prevent water quality from deteriorating.
Where conditions permit, a variety of heating or insulation equipment, such as greenhouses, hot water pipes, etc., can be used, or hot water and factory waste water can be used to increase the temperature of the pool water. The turtles can continue their activities and feed in order to accelerate their growth without hibernation. , shorten the breeding cycle.
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