Medicinal plant bitter rust
Bitterweed scientific name Ixeris chinensis (Thunb.) Nakai alias Patrinia, bitter leaf seedlings, live blood grass, Kuding, small endive and so on. It is a perennial herb of the Asteraceae family. Use whole plant medicine. With heat detoxification, breaking blood circulation, discharge pus effect. Distributed in most parts of our country.
Symptoms mainly affect the leaves and petioles. At the beginning of the leaf, scattered on both sides or along the veins appeared yellow round or oval small ecchymosis, slightly elevated, that is, the rust spore heap, after the temporospasm rupture, scattered bright yellow powder that is rust spores. In severe cases, the lesions are densely covered with a bright yellow powder covering the front of the leaves or the back of the leaves. After the bright yellow urn on or around the tan to dark brown small freckle, the summer spores heap, in the late growth period dark brown freckle, that is, the winter worm spores, containing a large number of winter spores, the victim leaves unbearable.
Pathogen puccinia lactucae-denticulatae Diet. Called Pleurotus rust and P. Lactucae-debilis. Scissors Puccinia tenuiflora, belong to Basidiomycotina fungi. P. The lactucae-denticulatae uredia spores are born on both sides of the leaves, mostly scattered on the back, nearly round, cinnamon, powdery, with a size of 0.1-o.44mm; the summer spores are tan-brown, spherical or nearly spherical, sizes 16-23l5 -20(μm); teliospore piled on the back of leaves, chestnut brown, powdery, nearly round, size 0.2-0.6mm; teliospores broadly elliptic or ovoid, cinnamon brown, size 25- 8516-25 (μm), short handle, colorless, easy to fall off. P. Lactucae-debilis Rust was born on both sides of the leaves. It was mostly connate or scattered on the back of the leaves, light yellow, cup-shaped, parietal cell rhombic, with an outer wall thickness of 4-9 μm; rusty spores were light yellow or nearly colorless, horny, near Spherical to elliptical, size 14-2212-16 (μm); summer spores heap on both sides of the leaves, mainly born in the leaves, scattered; round, brown or brown cinnamon, powder, size 0.2-0. 6mm; summer spores yellow-brown, spherical, size 16-3214-23 (μm), wall thickness with thorns, 2-3 bud hole scattered; teliospore pile more than in the back of the leaves, the front is also, scattered exposed, chestnut brown, Powdery, round or nearly round, size 0.2-0.8μm; teliosporn brown-oval, rounded at both ends, with sink, size 25-41X18-29 (μm), stalk short and colorless, easy to fall off , Parasitic on mountain bitter herbs, bittery mozzarella, mountain geba, rabbit dishes. "Chinese Fungus Center" records Coleosporium sonchi-arvensis Lev. In Shaanxi, it is a borage seedling that causes radish rust disease.
Transmission routes and onset conditions survived winters from living hosts on mycelium and teliospores; in warm southern pathogens, summer spores flowed through the host and spread, completing an annual cycle of disease, with no apparent wintering period. Normally high temperature, high humidity and heavy dewness are beneficial to the occurrence of the weather, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, plant worms long soft, heavy onset.
Control methods (1) Avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. (2) After the colonization, spray the production-promoting bacteria, 30-50ml per 667m2 or 6000-9000 times of the plant-pharmaceutical plant can promote the early growth of the plants and reduce the damage. (3) Spray 25% Triadimefon WP at the beginning of the disease 1500-2000 times or 40% polysulfide suspension 600 times, 50% sulfur suspension 300 times, 30% solid lime sulfur 150 times, 25 % of the enemy's demulsification oil 3000 times, 12.5% ​​speed Baoli WP 3000-4000 times, every 10 days or so; continuous control 2-3 times. 7 days before harvest, the drug was stopped and stopped.
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