High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Dali Winter Early Garlic
2020-11-03 11:16:25
Garlic (scientific name: ALLium sativum), also known as garlic, belongs to the family Liliaceae, fibrous roots. The leaves are long, flat, light green and waxy on the surface. The underground bulbs are covered by a grayish white membranous skin with small bulbs, called garlic cloves, which are swelled from the axillary buds of each leafhopper on the stem disk. The early winter garlic in Dali region is famous for its unique garlic, early market time, and high yield of garlic. It is a cash crop cultivated by local farmers and the main source of rural economic income. It is also the main crop of technology demonstration households. The technical introduction is as follows:
1. Selection and Treatment of Garlic Seeds (1) Selection of Seeds After many years of experiment, the most suitable variety for winter and early morning garlic in Dali region is Wenjiang “Red Seven Star†garlic species, which can achieve early maturation after cold treatment and high physiology with high garlic content. feature.
(2) Treatment of garlic seeds According to the technical requirements, the “Red Seven Star†garlic varieties of Sichuan Wenjiang with water and rotting rates that do not exceed the standard are treated with low-temperature vernalization in cold storage at a temperature of 2-5° C. and a cold treatment time of 50 days or more. , Can prompt the rapid growth of garlic species, bud mutations, the formation of garlic, early maturity.
2. Seeding (1) Field selection Planting of garlic fields is best for sandy soil and loam soil. It is not appropriate to choose clay soil and clay field. It can be used for flood irrigation and drought irrigation, which is beneficial to the emergence and long-rooting of garlic. As soon as possible, you can't choose low-cold, cold-waterlogged plots.
(2) Garlic species garlic species after cold treatment in the cold storage after more than 50 days, the export of garlic can not stack, to be spread in a cool place, and according to garlic split, size classification, tilling, garlic seed After sub-closure, use 50% carbendazim 500 times soaking for 12 hours. The garlic seeds after the library is best sown within 7 days, otherwise it will appear rotten or dried.
(3) Sowing date: From August 25 to September 15 in the Dali region, the optimum sowing time for garlic was that sowing was too early and late, and the disease was severe.
(4) Before planting and sowing Mushi farmyard fertilizer 1500-2000?, Mushi urea 5?, Potash 10? As the base fertilizer. The plant spacing is 8 to 9 meters, 2 meters is open, drilling is on demand, 60,000-80,000 plants are planted per acre, cover soil is 2-3 tons, and planting should not be too deep. If too much soil is covered, garlic sprouts consume too much nutrients, resulting in weak seedlings, seedling death, and irregular emergence.
3. Daejeon Management (1) 20 to 25 days after chemical weeding and sowing, with green mellon and 100 grams of prochloraz water spray, we can also weed with special garlic herbicides at Dali State Plant Protection Station.
(2) Irrigation
The garlic sown in September could not be flooded due to more rainwater, and the water should be poured in winter for 20 days. Generally, water is poured into the flower bud differentiation period, the elongation period of garlic, and the garlic inflating period to ensure the supply of water. Excessive soil moisture at the later stage will affect the quality of garlic fruit. After the end of mining, it can be irrigated once and then it will not be watered.
(3) Topdressing After topdressing farmyard manure and base fertilizer, the first topdressing fertilizer is applied at the 3-4 leaf stage for applying seedling fertilizer, 150 tons per hectare with urea, and the second top dressing is at the expansion of garlic fruit, per hectare. Application of urea 150? Potash 120-150?.
(4) Disease and Insect Pest Control Garlic diseases mainly include leaf blight, purple spot, and rust. The principle of prevention and comprehensive prevention and control is adhered to. In the period of 3-5 leaves, the mancozeb manganese dioxide is continuously sprayed twice before the disease is clear. The epidemic will be controlled by the world's high; in the 6-8 leaf stage, it will hit a world high, and in each disease prevention, it will also be involved in the spraying of insecticides to achieve the purpose of pest control.
4, harvest (1) garlic moss: the top of the garlic curds began to bend, the moss began to turn white when harvested in the sunny afternoon.
(2) Garlic fruit: After 25 days of harvesting, the leaves of the plants begin to turn yellow, and the top has 2-3 green leaves. The false stems should be harvested in time.
1. Selection and Treatment of Garlic Seeds (1) Selection of Seeds After many years of experiment, the most suitable variety for winter and early morning garlic in Dali region is Wenjiang “Red Seven Star†garlic species, which can achieve early maturation after cold treatment and high physiology with high garlic content. feature.
(2) Treatment of garlic seeds According to the technical requirements, the “Red Seven Star†garlic varieties of Sichuan Wenjiang with water and rotting rates that do not exceed the standard are treated with low-temperature vernalization in cold storage at a temperature of 2-5° C. and a cold treatment time of 50 days or more. , Can prompt the rapid growth of garlic species, bud mutations, the formation of garlic, early maturity.
2. Seeding (1) Field selection Planting of garlic fields is best for sandy soil and loam soil. It is not appropriate to choose clay soil and clay field. It can be used for flood irrigation and drought irrigation, which is beneficial to the emergence and long-rooting of garlic. As soon as possible, you can't choose low-cold, cold-waterlogged plots.
(2) Garlic species garlic species after cold treatment in the cold storage after more than 50 days, the export of garlic can not stack, to be spread in a cool place, and according to garlic split, size classification, tilling, garlic seed After sub-closure, use 50% carbendazim 500 times soaking for 12 hours. The garlic seeds after the library is best sown within 7 days, otherwise it will appear rotten or dried.
(3) Sowing date: From August 25 to September 15 in the Dali region, the optimum sowing time for garlic was that sowing was too early and late, and the disease was severe.
(4) Before planting and sowing Mushi farmyard fertilizer 1500-2000?, Mushi urea 5?, Potash 10? As the base fertilizer. The plant spacing is 8 to 9 meters, 2 meters is open, drilling is on demand, 60,000-80,000 plants are planted per acre, cover soil is 2-3 tons, and planting should not be too deep. If too much soil is covered, garlic sprouts consume too much nutrients, resulting in weak seedlings, seedling death, and irregular emergence.
3. Daejeon Management (1) 20 to 25 days after chemical weeding and sowing, with green mellon and 100 grams of prochloraz water spray, we can also weed with special garlic herbicides at Dali State Plant Protection Station.
(2) Irrigation
The garlic sown in September could not be flooded due to more rainwater, and the water should be poured in winter for 20 days. Generally, water is poured into the flower bud differentiation period, the elongation period of garlic, and the garlic inflating period to ensure the supply of water. Excessive soil moisture at the later stage will affect the quality of garlic fruit. After the end of mining, it can be irrigated once and then it will not be watered.
(3) Topdressing After topdressing farmyard manure and base fertilizer, the first topdressing fertilizer is applied at the 3-4 leaf stage for applying seedling fertilizer, 150 tons per hectare with urea, and the second top dressing is at the expansion of garlic fruit, per hectare. Application of urea 150? Potash 120-150?.
(4) Disease and Insect Pest Control Garlic diseases mainly include leaf blight, purple spot, and rust. The principle of prevention and comprehensive prevention and control is adhered to. In the period of 3-5 leaves, the mancozeb manganese dioxide is continuously sprayed twice before the disease is clear. The epidemic will be controlled by the world's high; in the 6-8 leaf stage, it will hit a world high, and in each disease prevention, it will also be involved in the spraying of insecticides to achieve the purpose of pest control.
4, harvest (1) garlic moss: the top of the garlic curds began to bend, the moss began to turn white when harvested in the sunny afternoon.
(2) Garlic fruit: After 25 days of harvesting, the leaves of the plants begin to turn yellow, and the top has 2-3 green leaves. The false stems should be harvested in time.
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