Meat sheep fast fattening technology
I. Lamb concentrates for fast fattening
At present, the use of fattening and fattening techniques for lambs and lambs has begun in foreign countries. Lambs have gained weight quickly and have high benefits. Lamb fattening is the use of whole fine material for fattening the lambs after early weaning; the fattening of lambs is the use of lactating and fine fattening for lambs. This kind of fattening has many advantages: First, the lamb grows fastest in 3 months after birth, after which the growth rate slows down, and early fattening can get higher feed conversion efficiency; second, only feed concentrate feed instead of roughage, management Simply, lambs are not prone to digestive diseases and increase feed conversion rates and daily gain of lambs. Tests have shown that lambs are weaned on the age of 45 days and weighing 12 kilograms, slaughtered after being slaughtered for 50-60 days, and the weight of the fattening sheep can reach about 35 kilograms, and the average daily gain is 400 grams. The economic benefits are significant.
1. Fattening preparation. If lambs are fattened, lambs are weaned at the age of 45 days, supplemented by the barriers 15 days before weaning, and the lambs can be separated from the ewes in the morning and at night. The lambs are allowed to move in the special column and the activities are placed in the bar. Grooves and sinks, the same time as the ewes. Supplemented feeds should be the same as feeds that are fattened after weaning. Supplemented corn kernels can be crushed at the beginning and then fed to the lambs once they are used. The lambs should be kept dry in the activity area and there will be a little padding on the ground. If the fattening of the lamb is performed, the lamb is fed from the 15th day of age to supplement the fattening material in a single column until the completion of the fattening. The fattening of the lamb is better than the fattening of the lamb.
2. Fattening technology. (1) Choose the fattening feed. Generally, the fattening of corn is better, and the feed formulation is: corn 79.7%, bean cake 17%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.8%, salt 0.5%, vitamins and trace elements 1% each. (2) Don't change feed formula during fattening. (3) Do not cut the material in the tank to ensure adequate drinking water and clean drinking water. (4) Observe the droppings of the lamb regularly. In general, the lamb's excrement is yellow. Lambs may appear diarrhea on rainy days. If necessary, they may be treated with intestinal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Second, choose hybrid sheep fattening
Choosing rams of good foreign meat breeds with good meat production performance, such as hornless road Seth, Suffolk, German merino, Deksel ram, etc., and hybrids with high-yielding local ewes. The resulting hybrid lambs are fattening and can significantly improve meat production.
1. A reasonable mix of feed. In accordance with the nutritional requirements of the sheep during the fattening period, in conjunction with the diet, the fine or coarse material in the diet should be diversified, increasing palatability. Any kind of feed can not meet the sheep's production needs, especially sheep fattening requires higher feed nutrients, a variety of feed with a reasonable mix of various nutrients transferred to each other in order to formulate a full-priced diet, improve feed conversion and increase Heavy speed.
At present, sheep fattening is mainly used for fattening off-farm, that is, it is acquired in the field and is fattened after being shipped back. According to the age and body weight of the sheep, the diet should be formulated. When the lamb is newly weaned and the young sheep aged from 6 to 8 months are fattening, there should be sufficient protein and protein feed in the early period of the first trimester, and the protein feed should be mixed and concentrated. 20% to 25% of the corn, wheat bran energy feed accounted for 70% to 75%; during the late period of fattening, the protein feed amount of cake meal was properly reduced, protein feed accounted for 15% to 20% of the mixed concentrate, and corn energy feed was increased. % to 70%. In adult sheep fattening, corn is mainly used, and the amount of feed used for the cake meal is relatively small, which only accounts for 5% to 10% of the mixed concentrate.
2. Reasonable use of fattening additives. Sheep fattening additives include nutritive additives and non-nutrient additives. Their functions are to supplement or balance feed nutrient components, improve feed palatability and utilization, promote sheep's growth and development, improve metabolism, prevent diseases, and prevent feed during storage. The decline in quality, improvement of the quality of livestock products, and the correct use of feed additives can increase the economic benefits of sheep fattening.
At present, additives used in sheep fattening include trace element additives. Trace elements are generally made into premixes and uniformly mixed in concentrates. Or make salt bricks and let the sheep freely forage.
Vitamin supplements. Since the rumen microorganisms of the sheep can synthesize B vitamins, vitamin K, and vitamin C, they do not need to be added separately. The diet should provide enough vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E to meet the needs of fattening sheep. At present, the vitamins needed by the sheep are prepared together into premixes or formulated with minerals and vitamin premixes.
Ruminin. Also known as monensin, it is an antibiotic produced by the fermentation of Streptomyces cinnamomea. Its function is to improve the rate of weight gain and feed conversion by reducing methane gas energy loss and feed protein degradation, deamination losses, and controlling and improving ruminal fermentation efficiency.
The amount of ruminal added is generally 25-30 mg per kilogram of dry matter added to the diet and evenly mixed in the feed. The initial amount of rumen can be lower, and gradually increase afterwards.
Buffering agent. The purpose of adding a buffer is to improve the rumen environment, which is conducive to the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. When sheep fattened, the amount of concentrate increased, roughage decreased, excess acidic substances were formed in the rumen, affected the appetite of the sheep, and inhibited the ruminal microflora and weakened the digestion of the feed. Adding buffer can increase the accumulation of alkaline in the rumen, neutralize acidic substances, promote appetite, increase the digestibility of feed and increase the weight of sheep.
The commonly used buffers for sheep fattening include sodium bicarbonate and magnesium oxide. The amount of sodium bicarbonate is about 0.7% to 1% of the dry matter in the diet. Magnesium oxide is added in an amount of 0.03% to 0.5% of the dry matter in the diet. There should be less to more when adding buffers, so that the sheep has an adaptation process, in addition, sodium bicarbonate and magnesium oxide added at the same time better.
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