Feeding cattle management system
First, the general principles of feeding and management of fattening cattle
1. The feed formulation should be based on the fattening stage, body weight, and feed conditions of the cattle.
2. Beef cattle are bred in groups of different sizes and strengths, and the amount of feed is given as required.
3, feed processing personnel should be responsible for serious, according to the requirements of various types of beef cattle feed, especially additives, etc. must be fully stirred and mixed before feeding cattle.
4. In the case of free feeding, the 24-hour trough has feed; free drinking water, 24 hours water in the sink. If you want to feed beef cattle, you need to formulate a feeding plan and feed it on time to prevent it from happening.
5, a feed can not be too much, the feed can not be mixed with iron wire, nails and other foreign bodies, can not be used to rotten degenerate feed cattle. After cleaning the cow trough, the feed trough should be cleaned in a timely manner to prevent the fodder residues from moulding and deteriorating in the trough. Pay attention to drinking water hygiene and avoid toxic and harmful substances from contaminating drinking water.
6. Keep the barn clean, dry and quiet. Do a good job in the environment, reduce the number of mosquitoes and flies that interfere with cattle and affect the growth of fattening cattle.
7. Open-air fattening cattle farms (with more than 100 cattle per pen) 2 to 3 months to remove cow dung once; cowsheds, cowsheds, cattle farms (10 to 20 cattle per pen) to remove cow dung twice. In rainy days, do a good job of draining the playground.
8. Feeder feeding, disinfection, decontamination, etc. should be carried out in accordance with operating procedures, actions should be light, and keep the environment quiet.
9, beef cattle in the summer heatstroke, winter freezing insulation. Reduce stress.
10. Carry out the principle of prevention and treatment, and regularly do a good job in vaccine injection and epidemic prevention.
11. The breeder looks at the feed at any time, sees the drinking water, sees the excrement, sees rumination, and sees whether the mental state is normal.
12. Brush the bovine body at regular intervals every morning and afternoon to promote blood circulation and increase appetite.
13, barn and equipment are often overhauled. Retards, fences and other vulnerable items should be regularly inspected and replaced.
14. The salary of the breeder shall be based on the basic salary and bonus system, and the basic salary shall be 10 yuan per person per day; the reward wage shall be calculated based on the daily weight gain of the fattening cattle. The content of rewards can also increase feed consumption (feed compensation), labor discipline, veterinary drug costs (per cow), attendance rate, etc. Each item is refined to a measurable level, allowing the breeder to experience rewards. After hard work can be achieved, the more efforts are made, the higher the reward.
Second, the new purchase of shelf cattle breeding management
1. Newly purchased shelf cattle should be kept in isolation for more than 15 days after entering the market. Prevent the introduction of disease with cattle.
2, drinking water. Due to the difficulty in drinking water during transportation, shelf cattle often suffer from severe water shortage. Therefore, the shelf cattle must have good drinking water after entering the fence. For the first time, the amount of water should be 10 to 15 kilograms, and the salt can be added (100 grams per head); the second time drinking water is 3 to 4 hours after the first drinking. When drinking water, some bran can be added to the water.
3, roughage feeding method. First, feed high-quality green hay, straw, and silage. The first feed should be limited to 4 to 5 kg per head. After the second and third days, the amount of feed can be gradually increased by 8 to 10 kg per head per day. Six days later you can eat freely.
4, feed intensive feed method. After the shelf cow enters the market, the mixed concentrate feed can be fed for 4 to 5 days. The amount of the mixed concentrate feed is gradually increased, and the feed can be fed to the normal supply volume after 10 days.
5, feeding groups. According to the size of strong and weak group rearing, the number of cattle per group of 10 to 15 heads is better; in the evening, the grouping is easy to succeed; on the day of grouping, there should be someone on duty to observe and find fighting, which should be dealt with promptly. The cow fences should be dry and the grass should be laid in front of the flock. Each cow occupies a fence area of ​​4 to 5 m2.
6, deworming. The ectoparasite can reduce the intake of cattle, inhibit weight gain, and increase the fattening period. The endoparasite absorbs nutrients in the intestinal chyme and affects the growth and fattening effects of the fattening cattle. In general, abamectin can be used, and once the drug is used to kill a variety of parasites in vivo and in vitro. Deworming can be carried out from the 5th to the 6th day of the cattle admission. After deworming for 3 days, each cow will be given a "Jianweisan" 350 ~ 400g stomach. Deworming can be performed once every 2 to 3 months. If the purchase of cattle is in the fall, fenthion should also be injected to control the fly.
7, other. According to the epidemic situation of the local epidemic, vaccinate. Castration (castration); Observe the feeding, ruminating, excrement, and mental status of the shelf cattle.
Third, the beef cattle general fattening period and strength of fattening (fertility) period of feeding and management
1. Formulating beef cattle compound feed in a phased manner, with the proportion of feed and roughage in the feed, in the general pre-finishing period, concentrate feed accounts for 30% to 40%, roughage 60% to 70%; during the middle of fattening, concentrate feed accounts for 45% to 55 %, roughage 45% to 55%; late fattening, concentrates accounted for 60% to 80%, roughage 20% to 35%.
2. When producing high-grade beef, the weight of fattened cattle is 450 kg, and barley is added to the feed, 1 to 2 kg per head per day.
3, feed processing. Corn must not be too fine (greater than 1.0 mm), otherwise it will affect palatability and feed intake and reduce digestibility. The sorghum must be fine to 1.0 mm in order to achieve high utilization. The roughage should be finely powdered and should be about 30 mm. Do not be in the form of flour, so as not to deposit in the rumen, affect the ruminant and feed digestibility, easily cause rumen plot food and other diseases.
4. Beef fattening should be slaughtered as soon as possible, because as the weight exceeds 500 kg, the daily gain decreases, the consumption of material per kilogram of weight increases, the cost of fattening increases, and the profit decreases.
5. When beef cattle reach the slaughter standard, they will be released in time, and do not wait for a batch of all fattening and then slaughter. It is necessary to fully reflect the characteristics of quick and fast turnover of fattening cattle.
6, regular weighing. As soon as possible, we will eliminate cows that are not gaining weight or are sick.
7, forage net. Forages and feeds do not contain foreign substances such as sand, mud, nails, iron wire, and plastic sheets. They are not mildewed, nor are they contaminated by toxic and harmful substances.
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