How to care for agricultural machinery in rest

Agricultural machinery is typically used for short periods each year due to seasonal constraints. For instance, planters, harvesters, peanut shellers, and rotary cultivators may only operate for less than a month annually. This long downtime can lead to significant damage if not properly maintained. When machines are left unused for extended periods, they are more prone to wear and tear than during regular operation. Common issues that occur during storage include metal corrosion, rubber aging, wooden rot, mold on fabrics, part deformation, and electrical damage. Metal components are especially vulnerable to rust when exposed to oxygen and moisture in the air. Thin sheet metals, such as those found in some machine parts, can corrode by 0.1–0.3 mm per year, which might eventually lead to failure. Cast iron is less affected, but high humidity and temperature can speed up the process. Rubber parts degrade under sunlight, becoming brittle and prone to cracking. Wooden parts can rot from exposure to rain, wind, and sun. Textiles like canvas belts may develop mold if not dried and stored properly. Some parts may also deform due to prolonged stress or improper storage, and electrical systems can suffer from moisture and battery discharge. To ensure your agricultural equipment remains in good condition during downtime, follow these key steps: 1. **Read the Manual**: Always refer to the user and maintenance manuals. Understanding the mechanics and proper care of your machinery is essential for extending its lifespan. Never disassemble or modify parts without knowledge of their function. 2. **Choose the Right Storage Location**: Store all equipment in clean, dry, well-ventilated areas free from corrosive gases. If storing outdoors, raise it off the ground using bricks or wood and cover it to protect from weather. 3. **Inspect and Clean After Use**: Thoroughly clean the machine after each season. Remove soil from working parts, apply grease or oil to prevent rust, and cover with paper or plastic. Reapply paint where necessary and repair or replace damaged components promptly. 4. **Protect Metal Surfaces**: Apply anti-rust and waterproof coatings to non-soil-contacting metal parts. Choose the right type of paint based on environmental conditions to maximize protection. 5. **Maintain Perishable Parts**: Keep cotton products, electrical components, and rubber items in dry places. Store rubber indoors away from direct sunlight or cover them if outside. Charge batteries monthly to avoid self-discharge. 6. **Handle Elastic Components Properly**: Loosen springs, remove belts, and lift tires to relieve pressure. Clean and powder usable belts before storing them in a dry, ventilated area, avoiding direct sunlight. 7. **Maintain Tractors During Long Storage**: Lubricate the tractor thoroughly, change the oil, and fill the tank with lubricant. Close the intake and exhaust ports and store it in a garage or under a protective cover. 8. **Keep Records and Prevent Loss**: Maintain detailed records of your machinery, including licenses, certificates, and invoices. Avoid removing or misusing parts, and keep track of all accessories and spare parts. 9. **Perform Pre-Use Maintenance**: Before starting the next season, inspect and service the machine to ensure it’s in optimal working condition, so you don’t miss critical farming times. By following these practices, you can significantly extend the life of your agricultural equipment and reduce costly repairs.

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