How to care for agricultural machinery in rest
2025-07-10 12:08:46
Agricultural machinery is typically used only during specific seasons, resulting in limited operational time each year. For instance, planters, harvesters, peanut shellers, and rotary cultivators may work for less than a month annually. The rest of the time, these machines are idle, and if not properly maintained during this period, they can suffer more damage than during normal use.
Common issues that occur when agricultural machinery is left unused include:
1. **Corrosion of metal parts**: Exposure to oxygen and moisture in the air causes rust, especially on thin steel sheets. Over time, corrosion can reduce the thickness of these parts, leading to structural weakness. While cast iron is more resistant, high humidity and temperature can accelerate the process.
2. **Rubber aging**: Prolonged exposure to sunlight can cause rubber components to become brittle and break. This reduces flexibility and increases the risk of failure.
3. **Wood decay**: Wooden parts can rot due to moisture, mold, and exposure to weather elements like rain and wind.
4. **Mildew on textiles**: Materials such as canvas conveyor belts can develop mildew if not properly stored. They should be cleaned, dried, and kept in a dry, pest-free environment.
5. **Part deformation**: Some components may become misshapen from long-term pressure or improper storage, such as belts, tires, and frames.
6. **Electrical damage**: Electrical systems can be damaged by dampness or battery self-discharge if not properly maintained.
To prevent these issues, proper maintenance and storage are essential. Here are some key measures:
1. **Read the manuals thoroughly**: Understanding the machine's operation and maintenance requirements is crucial. Follow all instructions carefully and avoid disassembling without proper knowledge.
2. **Choose a suitable storage location**: Store equipment in clean, dry, and well-ventilated areas. Avoid corrosive gases and protect outdoor equipment with covers or elevated supports.
3. **Inspect and clean after shutdown**: Thoroughly clean the machine, remove dirt, and apply protective coatings. Check for any damage and replace faulty parts with quality replacements.
4. **Protect metal surfaces**: Apply anti-rust and waterproof paints to non-soil-contacting parts. Choose the right paint based on usage conditions.
5. **Handle perishable components carefully**: Remove and store cotton, rubber, and electrical parts in dry places. Charge batteries monthly and avoid direct sunlight.
6. **Maintain elastic parts**: Loosen springs and belts, and store them in a cool, dry place. Keep them away from direct light and avoid rolling them.
7. **Proper maintenance for long-term parked tractors**: Lubricate all parts, replace oil, and seal the engine. Store in a garage or under a cover to protect from weather.
8. **Keep records and prevent loss**: Maintain detailed documentation for each machine, including licenses, certificates, and technical details. Never remove parts unless necessary.
9. **Perform pre-season maintenance**: Before using stored equipment, conduct a thorough check to ensure it’s in good working condition and ready for the next season.
By following these steps, farmers can significantly extend the life of their agricultural machinery and reduce unexpected breakdowns during critical periods.
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