Identification and effective control of root knot nematode disease in vegetables

In recent years, the prevalence of vegetable root-knot nematode disease has been increasing across various regions, with melons, tomatoes, and celery being the most severely affected. Infected plants often account for 30% to 60%, leading to a yield reduction of 20% to 40%. The occurrence pattern of this disease shows that it is more prevalent in autumn than in spring, and more common in greenhouses compared to open fields. This is due to the tiny size of the nematodes, which are difficult to detect underground and are frequently mistaken for nutrient deficiencies. As the disease continues to spread, it requires widespread attention and proactive measures. **Symptom Recognition** When seedlings are infected, small nodules resembling millet grains form on the roots initially. Over time, these nodules increase in number and size, causing the plant to grow slowly, appear weak, and show yellowing. In mature plants, the above-ground parts may exhibit poor growth, stunting, yellowing, wilting, or early withering, resembling symptoms of water stress or blight. Fruits become small, deformed, and less abundant. In mild cases, there may be no visible symptoms above ground, but underground, tumors of varying sizes can be observed. In cucumbers, some roots may not develop tumors, but they may still be infested by nematodes in decaying roots. Therefore, if any of these above-ground symptoms appear, root-knot nematode damage should be suspected. At this point, it's essential to dig up the plant roots for examination to confirm the infection. **Prevention Techniques** **Healthy Seedling Selection** Avoid planting in areas previously affected by root-knot nematodes. Use nutrient soil made from fertile Daejeon soil to grow strong, healthy seedlings. Strictly prohibit the use of diseased seedlings to prevent initial contamination. **High-Temperature Solar Disinfection** After harvesting, do not remove the plastic film immediately. Clean the field, apply 100–150 kg of quicklime per 667 m², then thoroughly till the soil, remove the roots, burn them, and place them in water. Cover the area with plastic film, ensuring it is tightly sealed. Keep the greenhouse closed for 10–15 days, allowing the soil temperature under the film to reach 50°C–60°C. This method effectively kills nematode eggs and larvae in the soil, while also reducing other soil pests. **Strengthen Cultivation Management** Use well-rotted chicken manure as base fertilizer, as it helps resist nematode infestations. Ensure proper irrigation and fertilization to enhance plant resistance. Regular weeding is important to reduce nematode reproduction. Immediately remove crop residues after harvest to eliminate the disease source. **Chemical Control** Before planting, apply “Net Line” at a rate of 3–5 kg per 667 m², mixing it evenly into the top 20 cm of soil. Apply “Line Stand” and “Line Stop A” according to the same dosage as “Net Line.” For “Line Stop B,” dilute it 300 times and spray it onto the soil before tilling. If the disease occurs, mix phoxim (1,000 times dilution) with bacteria line (3,500–7,000 times dilution), and apply 0.2–0.25 kg per pot. This combination helps control nematode infestation effectively. By combining cultural practices, chemical treatments, and preventive measures, farmers can significantly reduce the impact of root-knot nematode disease and protect their crops for sustainable production.

Food Additive Corn Gluten Feeds

Additive Corn Gluten Feeds,Cheap Maize Gluten Feed,Corn Gluten Meal Protein,Safe Corn Gluten Meal

JILIN COFCO BIO-CHEM AND BIO-ENERGY MARKETING CO., LTD , https://www.cofco-biotech.com