How to Control Stevia Blight

Spot blotch is one of the most significant diseases affecting stevia cultivation. Over the past few years, as the planting period has extended, the disease has become more severe, posing a serious threat to both the yield and quality of stevia crops. In the early stages, brown spots appear on the leaves, gradually expanding into irregular or nearly circular lesions. As the disease progresses, multiple dark spots develop, and the infection spreads upward, eventually causing premature leaf drop. **Key Characteristics of the Disease** First, the disease is widespread, affecting almost all stevia fields to varying degrees. Second, it has a long-lasting impact throughout the entire growth cycle of the plant. During autumn cuttings, pathogens can enter the seedbeds and spread through infected leaves on cutting seedlings. The symptoms are usually mild during the colder months in winter and spring, but as temperatures rise and rainfall increases in spring, the disease becomes active between June and July, reaching its peak during this period. Third, there is variation in disease severity among different stevia varieties. **Prevention and Control Measures** To prevent spot blotch in stevia, several strategies should be implemented. First, crop rotation is essential. Seedbeds should be carefully selected to minimize the risk of bacterial spread through soil, and disease-free cuttings should be used whenever possible. If conditions allow, implementing a dry crop rotation system can help reduce the buildup of pathogens. Second, field management plays a crucial role. Deep plowing of the soil, careful watering around the rhizosphere, and avoiding waterlogging are important practices. Proper ventilation and humidity control, along with the removal of diseased plants, can also help manage the disease effectively. Third, chemical control is necessary when environmental conditions favor disease development. Fungicides should be applied in advance when conditions are favorable, and continuous treatment should be carried out once the disease appears. Some stevia varieties are sensitive to certain chemicals like mancozeb and thiophanate-methyl. Therefore, it's important to conduct small-scale tests before full application to ensure safety and effectiveness.

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