Deer disease prevention measures

The epidemic of deer disease is a complex process caused by three factors: the source of infection, the route of transmission, and susceptible animals. Therefore, adopting appropriate preventive measures to eliminate or cut off the interlinkages of the three factors that cause the epidemic can prevent the epidemic from spreading. When taking preventive measures, priority must be given to each epidemic link of each epidemic to identify key measures to achieve control of the epidemic in the short term. At the same time, comprehensive measures including the four aspects of “support, prevention, inspection, and treatment” were adopted. Strengthen the feeding and management measures, do a good job in sanitation and disinfection, and strengthen the disease resistance of the deer body. Implement the principle of self-cultivation and self-sustaining, reduce the spread of epidemic diseases; formulate and implement regular vaccination and replanting programs; regularly kill insects and rodents, perform decontamination treatment of feces; conscientiously implement the rules and regulations such as quarantine, inspection, etc. Discover and eliminate the source of infection. When the epidemic occurs, timely diagnose and report the epidemic and notify the neighboring units to do a good job of epidemic prevention; quickly isolate diseased deer, emergency disinfection of the contaminated environment; emergency vaccination, timely and reasonable treatment of the virus; do good deer and eliminate disease The proper handling of deer. When the deer farm finds infectious diseases and suspected infectious diseases, it must immediately report to local animal husbandry and quarantine agencies, and submit reports on a case-by-case basis according to specific conditions. If it is an emergency, it should be reported to the relevant authorities in the fastest way possible. Timely and correct diagnosis is an important part of effectively organizing prevention work. Common diagnostic methods include: clinical diagnosis, epidemiological diagnosis, pathological diagnosis, etiological diagnosis, and immunological diagnosis. According to the characteristics of various infectious diseases, the above diagnostic methods can be comprehensively applied. Quarantine is the use of a variety of diagnostic methods, on the field deer group and its products for disease inspections, and take appropriate measures to prevent the occurrence and spread of the disease. When purchasing deer from other places, the local quarantine office must be quarantined, and necessary vaccination and disinfection must be done. After the deer arrives at the site, the quarantine should be conducted again. The deer should be placed in a cage and watched for feeding for one month. After checking, it can be proved that the deer can be mixed with the original deer. Isolation of sick deer and suspected infection of deer is one of the important measures to prevent infectious diseases. Isolation of sick deer To control the source of infection and prevent further infection, the epidemic is controlled to the minimum extent and extinguished in situ. According to the results of the diagnosis and quarantine, all deer surveyed can be divided into three categories: First, sick deer. Deer with typical symptoms, similar symptoms, or other special positive tests are the most dangerous source of infection. Therefore, isolation and strict disinfection should be conducted in locations where pathogens are not easily disseminated and disinfection is convenient. Strengthen health care, special care and timely treatment. The second is the suspicious infection of deer. No symptoms were found, but there was obvious contact with sick deer and its contaminated environment, and it may be in incubation period and there was a danger of bacteria elimination (toxicity). Observe in detail the symptoms of deer disease treatment, immediate emergency immunization or preventive treatment. According to the length of the incubation period of the disease, if the disease does not occur after a certain period of time, the restriction may be cancelled. The third is assumed healthy deer. Everything is normal, and there is no contact with the first two types of deer. Strict isolation and rearing should be carried out to strengthen the epidemic prevention and disinfection and corresponding protection measures. Immediate emergency vaccination should be carried out immediately. When major infectious diseases erupt, measures should be taken to block the area to prevent the disease from being transmitted to the safe area and the health deer from entering the infected area. Determine the epidemic, epidemic and threatened areas according to the epidemic situation and the epidemic law. The implementation of the embargo should be in the early stages of the epidemic, with decisive and rapid actions, tight closures, and limited scope for expansion. The specific measures are as follows: The isolated sick deer are treated, slaughtered and culled; strict disinfection of pens, feces, bedding, utensils and contaminated feed, drinking water. It is forbidden to export deer and contaminated feed from infected areas; establish epidemic prevention belts and inoculate vulnerable animals in the affected area; after the last sick deer is cured, slaughtered or culled, after a certain period of blocking, no epidemic disease occurs. Explain blockade after final disinfection. Disinfection is an important measure to implement the “prevention-based” approach. The purpose of disinfection is to eliminate the pathogens that are transmitted by the source of infection in the external environment in order to cut off the route of transmission and prevent the spread of the disease. According to the purpose of disinfection, can be divided into the following three: First, preventive disinfection. In conjunction with the usual feeding and management, the deer's premises, premises, utensils, and drinking water are routinely disinfected to prevent general infectious diseases. The second is disinfection at any time. In the event of an infectious disease, disinfection measures are taken to eradicate pathogens that have been expelled from diseased deer. Third, terminal disinfection. After the sick deer is released from isolation, healed or died, or before the blockade is lifted in the affected area, thorough and thorough disinfection is carried out to eliminate pathogens remaining in the affected area. Immunization is a means of inducing specific resistance of the cervus and transforming susceptible deer into susceptible deer. It is one of the important measures to prevent and control deer disease. Drug prevention is to prevent certain diseases. In the deer's feed and drinking water, certain safe drugs are added for collective chemical prevention. In a certain period of time, the threatened deer can be protected from the disease. It is also the prevention and control of deer. One of the effective measures for infectious diseases. Immunization can be divided into vaccination and emergency vaccination. In order to prevent the occurrence of certain infectious diseases in healthy deer populations, immunization of healthy deer populations at regular intervals is called vaccination. Vaccination usually uses immune agents such as vaccines, bacterins, and toxoids as antigens. When an infectious disease occurs in a group of deers, in order to quickly control and extinguish the epidemic, emergency immunizations for deer that have not yet developed in the affected area and in the threatened area are called emergency immunization. The treatment of infectious disease deer must be carried out under strict sealing or isolation conditions. It is important that deer treated do not become a source of transmission of pathogens. In the treatment of drugs adhere to the principle of local conditions, diligence and conservation principles. It is necessary to consider the elimination of pathogenic effects against pathogens, but also to enhance the general resistance to disease and to adjust and restore physiological functions, and adopt comprehensive treatment methods. Treatment of sick deer must be carried out early and no delays can be made. The frequency and duration of treatment should also be minimized so as to avoid frequent disturbances and deprivation of health. Instead of relying solely on medications, we should do our best to enhance the disease's own resistance. China Agricultural Network Editor