Common plugging failures of combine harvesters
Combine harvester will produce a variety of clogging faults in the operation, summed up in the following aspects.
1 Knife clogging failure
a. Cause of failure 1 Some operators do not pay attention to the cutting speed of the cutting knife when operating the harvester, and do not increase the throttle before entering the cutting area. As a result, the cutting knife is blocked as soon as the cutting is started. 2 It was not possible to raise the header in time when passing the field, causing the cutter to be blocked by stones or mud in the field.
b. Preventive measures 1 When you enter the cutting area, increase the throttle in advance to speed up the cutting knife. 2 It is necessary to raise the header in time before crossing the field and pay attention to clearing the blockage in time. 3 Keep the knife sharp and replace the worn knife in time. 4 Correct knife clearance (less than 0.5mm).
2 Header jam failure
a. Cause of fault 1 Improper adjustment of the header auger, excessive gap between the auger and the base plate and rear plate. 2 The improper adjustment of the reel speed and the height of the reel makes the "dead zone" between the reel and the header too large. 3 The cutter is not well matched with the pull-out wheel, that is, the reel wheel has poor support and placement effect on the cut crops, resulting in the accumulation of crops on the front of the header.
b. Preventive measures 1 Adjust the header and agitate the position of the dragon. When the auger blade wears heavily, repair it in time to maintain a proper working gap. 2 The speed and effect point of the reel wheel should be properly adjusted according to the crop density, inverted conditions and the advance speed of the harvester. 3 Harvested crops should not be too wet. 4 When harvesting excessively fallen crops, it is easy to cause plugging of the header. Therefore, when harvesting, the cutting width should be reduced and the vehicle speed must be reduced. Observe the observation and find that the plugging is promptly removed. 5 Abutment chain needs to maintain a good degree of tension. 6 Keep the claw belt, abutment chain, stem end chain, spike end chain, etc. in a good state of tension. When it is too loose, it should be adjusted in time. If it is too worn, it should be replaced in time. 7 When the header is blocked, the throttle can not be forced through to increase the throttle to avoid damaging the transmission member.
3 Conveyor blockage fault
When the amount of feed is too large, the trough will be blocked even if the header is not blocked. When it is found that there is a phenomenon of grass turning in the population of the head of the cutting station, the progress should be stopped, and the operation should be carried out for a while, until the phenomenon of turning over the grass is eliminated and the harvesting continues. In addition, the looseness of the conveyor belt and the power transmission belt can also cause blockages. Attention should also be paid to the tightening conditions of the conveyor belt rakes. If the rake teeth are loosened and loosened, the amount of grain conveyed will inevitably be uneven and cause blockage; if the rake teeth are brought into the threshing device, even greater failures will occur. The threshing mechanism of the threshing device breaks the top nail.
4 roller jam failure
a. Cause of fault 1 The throttle is too small, so that the drum driving force cannot overcome the threshing resistance. 2 The harvester's operation speed is too fast, resulting in the actual amount of feed more than the amount of feed the machine can withstand. 3 belt slip, in addition to the belt is seriously worn out, too loose or stained with oil, the tensioning wheel lever adjust nut loose is also a common reason. 4 The common cause of skid-operating clutch slippage is dirt on the friction plate, wear or damage of friction plates, improper adjustment of clutch clearance, etc. 5 Improper roller speed adjustment. 6 The gap between the roller and the concave plate is not adjusted properly. (7) The position of the upper and lower bars of the drafter is not properly adjusted, and the roller is often blocked because the gap is too small and the mixture cannot pass through quickly. There should be a clearance of 5-15mm between the upper grid and the draft wheel cylinder, and the suitable gap between the lower grid and the draft wheel tip is 30mm. If the upper grille is improperly installed, the draft roller blade will scrape straw when working; if the position of the lower grill bar is improperly adjusted, it will not play a guiding role for the straw, so that the roller can not throw straw backward smoothly, thus causing Blocked. 8 After the grid-shaped concave plate was blocked by the mixture, it was not cleared in time, so that the gap between the roller and the concave plate became smaller and smaller, and finally resulted in blockage.
b. Prevention and rectification 1 According to the type of harvested crops and the growing situation, adjust the rotation speed of the drums properly, and master the speed of advancement of the matching operations. 2 Correctly adjust the clearance between the roller and the concave plate. 3 In order to minimize the possibility of blockage failure of the drum, medium and large throttles should be maintained during operation. 4 When harvesting a fallen crop, fluctuations in the amount of feed will occur at times. At this time, attention should be paid to controlling the speed of advancement, and the header should be controlled with lifting handles to keep the harvester feeding evenly. 5 Eliminate and prevent slipping of the work clutch and drive belt.
5 Reclosing blockage fault
The function of the stripper is to thresh again the unspilled remaining spikes screened from the tail screen and return it to the cleaning screen for cleaning after re-off. If the tail screen opening is too large during the operation, the broken stalks entering the detacher will be greatly increased, causing blockage of the eliminators. When blockage of the recombinator occurs, the plug should be stopped and the opening of the tail screen should be properly adjusted.
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