Winter sheep fattening measures and techniques
2019-09-13 06:04:50
First, the basic principle that fat sheep should follow
1. The fattening group principle: All male and female lambs that are not used for breeding and old, weak, thin, and scraped sheep that are eliminated can be used as fattening. First, they are castrated, dewormed, exterminated, and hoofed. Then they are grouped and grouped according to their age, strength, and strength. In this way, it is conducive to the stability of the sheep and the growth and development of the sheep. However, in general, young sheep gain weight faster than older sheep and have a good fattening effect. Lambs have the fastest growth rate from 1 to 8 months of age, and they mainly grow muscles. Weaned lambs are used as fattening sheep to produce fat lambs with good meat quality and high efficiency. Therefore, after the lambs have been identified in the weaned group, lambs that are not suitable for planting are divided into groups according to sex and body weight, and are divided into groups for finishing. In order to eliminate adult sheep, groups are sorted by age and body weight. This is beneficial to Feeds are formulated based on different conditions for nutritional needs.
2. Prominent benefit principle: The size of economic benefits is the key to measuring the success or failure of mutton sheep fattening, rather than blindly pursuing the maximization of daily gain. Under the local conditions, in accordance with the laws of market economy, seek the best economic benefits. Especially under house-feeding conditions, maximizing the weight gain of mutton is often based on high-concentration diets. Maximizing daily weight gain does not necessarily mean obtaining the best economic benefit. Therefore, when setting the expected fattening intensity, we must use the best economic efficiency as the only measure. The production should be based on the standard of feeding, combined with the growth and development characteristics of the fattening sheep, to determine the dietary composition of the sheep, the amount of dietary supplies or the amount of supplements, and combined with the actual weight gain effect, timely adjustments.
3. Feeding and fattening principles: When the temperature is low or the grassland, grass slopes and fields are frozen by ice and snow, the sheep can be changed from grazing to feeding and fattening. To feed high-quality dry grass or silage, feed a certain amount of corn, dried sorghum, sorghum, bean cakes and other concentrated feeds each day, and also feed some carrots, pumpkins, and other juicy feeds to increase palatability and increase sheep's production. Food intake. Allowing sheep to eat well in warm sheep houses can enable them to grow rapidly and increase their long meat.
4. Principles of timely slaughter: The production should be organized in a rational manner, and fattening sheep should be timely slaughtered. According to the growth stage of fattening sheep at the beginning, the length of the finishing period is determined, and the effect of short-finishing is not obvious. If the growing period is too long, the feed remuneration is low and it is economically uneconomical. Therefore, when the meat sheep reaches a certain weight after fattening for a certain period of time, they must be slaughtered or marketed in time, instead of blindly pursuing the maximum weight of the sheep.
5. The principle of scale determination: The size of fattening will determine the amount of profit. Generally speaking, the larger the scale, the greater the profit. However, in actual production, it often backfires. Due to the blind purchase of sheep, the size of the plan is neglected, and the operation of the market is neglected. The carrying capacity of consumers has caused large-scale and large losses. Therefore, when deciding on the scale of breeding, one must understand the level of meat consumption at the place of sale and personal income, through which reliable predictions of pre-sale prices are made. The second is to pay attention to the price of agricultural products related to animal husbandry, such as corn and soybeans. The price of these products directly affects the fluctuation of feed prices and is also a barometer for the price of meat; the third is based on the storage of forage and feed. Quantity, total amount, determine the length and batch of fattening period. When the fattening is under a reasonable and scientific combination of forage and feed, the general fattening period is 60-70 days, and the time for sports fertilizer depends on the condition, size, and daily weight gain rate of the fattening sheep. From the perspective of economic efficiency, the fattening period should not exceed 90 days.
Second, several issues that should be noted
1. Pay attention to reasonable feeding: regular, quantitative, constant temperature, constant quality, less to add ground feeding, a variety of forage and feed mix evenly fed, to ensure the nutritional needs of fattening sheep daily weight, as far as possible to achieve a single feed Feeding requires that the mixed forage and feed added on the day should be freshly mixed, and the feed should be fed with fungus in the summer, anti-mildew in the summer, frostproof in the winter, and never be fed with rotten spoilage and frozen feed. Feed a certain feed for a long period of time and pay attention to the metabolic disease it causes. Adding a booster agent requires the use of low-toxic, easily excreted substances such as rumen.
2. Observe diligently to observe: Before the fattening, special training is required for the breeder to grasp basic breeding knowledge and production essentials. During production, attention should be paid to observing sheep's condition of feeding and feeding, whether rumination is normal, mental state and sound The response is sensitive, so that early detection and early treatment of sick sheep can be achieved.
3. Pay attention to regular weighing: select the same batch, the same level of sheep only sample and weigh, immediately understand the fattening situation of the fattening sheep, and accurately grasp the feed remuneration, usually about 15 days as a cycle, in order to grasp the monthly cost Inputs and fattening are growing at an accelerating rate, and the feed supply is adjusted at any time. Understand the number of sheep that can be slaughtered and achieve timely slaughter.
4. Pay attention to the fence maintenance: Before winter, not only to repair the house, to prevent the intrusion of thieves, but also to do "one guarantee, two use, three no, four diligence." One guarantee is to ensure that the pens are clean and dry and warm; the second is to use warm water to drink sheep, use hay or dry barracks; three is not pens that don't enter the wind, do not leak rain or moisture; Shift grass, diligently clean, diligently remove dung.
5. Attention to disease prevention and treatment: Prevention and treatment of the fattening sheep should adopt the principle of prevention, and combine feeding and management with disease prevention and treatment. The first is to do a good job of disinfection. The sheds are to be cleaned and limed, and the sheep sheds, feeding trough and surrounding environment are sterilized with 2% formalin or 2% sodium hydroxide. The sheds are regularly sterilized and the sheep are stripped. Disinfection; Disinfection tanks should be set up at the entrance of the field, and the vehicles entering and exiting the area should be disinfected. The second is that daily feeds and drinking water must be kept clean. They should not drink cold water and dirty water, and they must not drink water on an empty stomach. The third is to prevent injections on a regular basis, to inject foot-and-mouth disease, goat pox, sheep triple-four anti-miao. Fourth, after the meat sheep are bred, the range of activities will be smaller, which will easily cause wet conditions in the housing and cause the occurrence of parasitic diseases. Therefore, attention should be paid to the environmental sanitation, ventilation and moisture prevention of the sheep house, and to prevent parasitic diseases such as sheep lice. The prevention and treatment. The fifth is to allow sheep to drink regular potassium permanganate water, depending on the number of drinks. Sixth, it is necessary to prevent the rams from staggering each other, and there should be good protection between the hurdles so as to prevent the spread of diseases caused by strings. Seventh, we must pay close attention to changes in the weather and take precautions as early as possible so that the strong winds and cold currents do not suddenly cause the sheep to become ill.
Liu Zhongyu 1 Wang Weiping 2 Yin Huailei 1
1. Jiaozhou Bureau of Animal Husbandry 266300
2. Pingdu City North Sports Supervision Station 266700
1. The fattening group principle: All male and female lambs that are not used for breeding and old, weak, thin, and scraped sheep that are eliminated can be used as fattening. First, they are castrated, dewormed, exterminated, and hoofed. Then they are grouped and grouped according to their age, strength, and strength. In this way, it is conducive to the stability of the sheep and the growth and development of the sheep. However, in general, young sheep gain weight faster than older sheep and have a good fattening effect. Lambs have the fastest growth rate from 1 to 8 months of age, and they mainly grow muscles. Weaned lambs are used as fattening sheep to produce fat lambs with good meat quality and high efficiency. Therefore, after the lambs have been identified in the weaned group, lambs that are not suitable for planting are divided into groups according to sex and body weight, and are divided into groups for finishing. In order to eliminate adult sheep, groups are sorted by age and body weight. This is beneficial to Feeds are formulated based on different conditions for nutritional needs.
2. Prominent benefit principle: The size of economic benefits is the key to measuring the success or failure of mutton sheep fattening, rather than blindly pursuing the maximization of daily gain. Under the local conditions, in accordance with the laws of market economy, seek the best economic benefits. Especially under house-feeding conditions, maximizing the weight gain of mutton is often based on high-concentration diets. Maximizing daily weight gain does not necessarily mean obtaining the best economic benefit. Therefore, when setting the expected fattening intensity, we must use the best economic efficiency as the only measure. The production should be based on the standard of feeding, combined with the growth and development characteristics of the fattening sheep, to determine the dietary composition of the sheep, the amount of dietary supplies or the amount of supplements, and combined with the actual weight gain effect, timely adjustments.
3. Feeding and fattening principles: When the temperature is low or the grassland, grass slopes and fields are frozen by ice and snow, the sheep can be changed from grazing to feeding and fattening. To feed high-quality dry grass or silage, feed a certain amount of corn, dried sorghum, sorghum, bean cakes and other concentrated feeds each day, and also feed some carrots, pumpkins, and other juicy feeds to increase palatability and increase sheep's production. Food intake. Allowing sheep to eat well in warm sheep houses can enable them to grow rapidly and increase their long meat.
4. Principles of timely slaughter: The production should be organized in a rational manner, and fattening sheep should be timely slaughtered. According to the growth stage of fattening sheep at the beginning, the length of the finishing period is determined, and the effect of short-finishing is not obvious. If the growing period is too long, the feed remuneration is low and it is economically uneconomical. Therefore, when the meat sheep reaches a certain weight after fattening for a certain period of time, they must be slaughtered or marketed in time, instead of blindly pursuing the maximum weight of the sheep.
5. The principle of scale determination: The size of fattening will determine the amount of profit. Generally speaking, the larger the scale, the greater the profit. However, in actual production, it often backfires. Due to the blind purchase of sheep, the size of the plan is neglected, and the operation of the market is neglected. The carrying capacity of consumers has caused large-scale and large losses. Therefore, when deciding on the scale of breeding, one must understand the level of meat consumption at the place of sale and personal income, through which reliable predictions of pre-sale prices are made. The second is to pay attention to the price of agricultural products related to animal husbandry, such as corn and soybeans. The price of these products directly affects the fluctuation of feed prices and is also a barometer for the price of meat; the third is based on the storage of forage and feed. Quantity, total amount, determine the length and batch of fattening period. When the fattening is under a reasonable and scientific combination of forage and feed, the general fattening period is 60-70 days, and the time for sports fertilizer depends on the condition, size, and daily weight gain rate of the fattening sheep. From the perspective of economic efficiency, the fattening period should not exceed 90 days.
Second, several issues that should be noted
1. Pay attention to reasonable feeding: regular, quantitative, constant temperature, constant quality, less to add ground feeding, a variety of forage and feed mix evenly fed, to ensure the nutritional needs of fattening sheep daily weight, as far as possible to achieve a single feed Feeding requires that the mixed forage and feed added on the day should be freshly mixed, and the feed should be fed with fungus in the summer, anti-mildew in the summer, frostproof in the winter, and never be fed with rotten spoilage and frozen feed. Feed a certain feed for a long period of time and pay attention to the metabolic disease it causes. Adding a booster agent requires the use of low-toxic, easily excreted substances such as rumen.
2. Observe diligently to observe: Before the fattening, special training is required for the breeder to grasp basic breeding knowledge and production essentials. During production, attention should be paid to observing sheep's condition of feeding and feeding, whether rumination is normal, mental state and sound The response is sensitive, so that early detection and early treatment of sick sheep can be achieved.
3. Pay attention to regular weighing: select the same batch, the same level of sheep only sample and weigh, immediately understand the fattening situation of the fattening sheep, and accurately grasp the feed remuneration, usually about 15 days as a cycle, in order to grasp the monthly cost Inputs and fattening are growing at an accelerating rate, and the feed supply is adjusted at any time. Understand the number of sheep that can be slaughtered and achieve timely slaughter.
4. Pay attention to the fence maintenance: Before winter, not only to repair the house, to prevent the intrusion of thieves, but also to do "one guarantee, two use, three no, four diligence." One guarantee is to ensure that the pens are clean and dry and warm; the second is to use warm water to drink sheep, use hay or dry barracks; three is not pens that don't enter the wind, do not leak rain or moisture; Shift grass, diligently clean, diligently remove dung.
5. Attention to disease prevention and treatment: Prevention and treatment of the fattening sheep should adopt the principle of prevention, and combine feeding and management with disease prevention and treatment. The first is to do a good job of disinfection. The sheds are to be cleaned and limed, and the sheep sheds, feeding trough and surrounding environment are sterilized with 2% formalin or 2% sodium hydroxide. The sheds are regularly sterilized and the sheep are stripped. Disinfection; Disinfection tanks should be set up at the entrance of the field, and the vehicles entering and exiting the area should be disinfected. The second is that daily feeds and drinking water must be kept clean. They should not drink cold water and dirty water, and they must not drink water on an empty stomach. The third is to prevent injections on a regular basis, to inject foot-and-mouth disease, goat pox, sheep triple-four anti-miao. Fourth, after the meat sheep are bred, the range of activities will be smaller, which will easily cause wet conditions in the housing and cause the occurrence of parasitic diseases. Therefore, attention should be paid to the environmental sanitation, ventilation and moisture prevention of the sheep house, and to prevent parasitic diseases such as sheep lice. The prevention and treatment. The fifth is to allow sheep to drink regular potassium permanganate water, depending on the number of drinks. Sixth, it is necessary to prevent the rams from staggering each other, and there should be good protection between the hurdles so as to prevent the spread of diseases caused by strings. Seventh, we must pay close attention to changes in the weather and take precautions as early as possible so that the strong winds and cold currents do not suddenly cause the sheep to become ill.
Liu Zhongyu 1 Wang Weiping 2 Yin Huailei 1
1. Jiaozhou Bureau of Animal Husbandry 266300
2. Pingdu City North Sports Supervision Station 266700
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