Greenhouse cucumber melon early spring cultivation techniques
2019-12-10 07:03:32
Chaenomeles is a variant of the Cucurbita melon, also known as the hairy melon. In recent years, Shandong Shouguang has succeeded in experimenting with the early spring cultivation of squash in a winter greenhouse, and has obtained high economic benefits.
1. Variety selection and production The selection of the zucchini variety, Shandong No.2, which was bred by Shandong Agricultural University, was precocious, high-yield, disease-resistant, and the plants were sprawling. The main vine was 2-3 meters long. The first female flower is born on the 4-6th, and then a female flower is produced every 3-5 knots. It has strong ability of continuous fruiting and is suitable for traction cultivation in the shed.
Second, nursery
Sowing in early January. Nursery in the greenhouse, the seedbed plus a small arch shed. The seedlings of zucchini seeds are difficult to germinate. For cultivating strong seedlings, soaking and germination of white buds should be preferred. After emergence, the temperature is maintained at 20-25°C and the night temperature is 10-15°C. Melon seedlings grow to 3 leaves and 1 heart when planting, seedling age 50-55 days.
Third, colonization
In the middle and late March, sunny days were transplanted and planted. Chayas are not tolerant, but require higher soil moisture and must be cultivated in high ridges. The ridges are 80 cm apart, 20 cm high and 40 cm wide. Before ridging, Mu Shi fully decomposed 4000 kg of chicken manure, 50 kg of N, P, and K compound fertilizers and 20 kg of potassium sulfate. One day before planting, the seedbed was watered so that it could be planted with soil. According to the planting distance of 35 centimeters, about 2500 acres were planted.
IV. Management after planting
1, temperature. After planting, the greenhouse is warmed and the seedlings are promoted. After 5-7 days, the melon seedlings began to grow, and the slow seedlings were over. The temperature was maintained at 25-28°C and the night temperature was 12-18°C. Into the flowering period, the temperature 25-30 °C, night temperature around midnight 16 °C, about 12 °C in the middle of the night. In case of serious cooling weather, when the night temperature in the shed is low, temporary warming measures should be taken so that the minimum night temperature cannot be lower than 8°C.
2, fertilizer water. After the planting, the seedlings were irrigated with water, and no drought or watering was required before flowering and fruit setting to facilitate the formation of female flowers. After sitting on melon to strengthen the fertilizer, watering and topdressing combined, every 10 days or so water 1 times, every 1 times the water chase 1 fertilizer, each mu compound fertilizer 10-15 kg. Watering is done on a sunny day in the morning.
3, plant adjustments. After culturing the seedlings, one cultivator shall be used, and appropriate seedlings shall be used. When the main vine grows to 30-35 centimeters, a vine is pressed to promote adventitious root formation. After the vines are draped with a hanging rope hanger. Be careful not to allow the creeper to climb to the top of the roof once and do it at the right time. In the greenhouse, the melons are dominated by the main vine, and the vines are the next. Before the first vine, the main vine was taken and all lateral vines were removed. After the first squash was seated, 2-3 side vines were selected to ensure that the plants had larger assimilation leaf area and the number of later results was increased. In general, 5 candling melons can be harvested per plant, 3 main vines and 2 side vines. The main vine after the third melon seated, leaving 5-6 leaves topping. Similarly, each side vine sits on a melon and leaves 6-7 leaves topping.
4, artificial pollination. The rate of female flowers in guaiac is low, and a female flower occurs every 3-5 knots. In order to ensure the neatness of the sitting guava, artificial pollination is used to promote sitting guarana. At 8-11 am, the newly opened male flower was removed, and the corolla was removed. The pollen was lightly applied to the female stigma. A male flower can pollinate 2-3 female flowers.
5. Pest control. The humidity in the greenhouse is large, and the squash is prone to epidemic hazards. At the initial stage of disease, 72% of Prokary 500 times or 75% of chlorothalonil 500 times is sprayed every 7-10 days and sprayed 3-4 times. Insect pests are mainly maggots, whiteflies, and Liriomyza sativae. In the stage of pest occurrence, low-toxic and low-residue pesticides are used for early control.
6, harvest. Generally about 20 days after flowering, the tender melon grows to 350-500 grams, then it can be harvested and marketed. If harvesting is too late, it will affect the fruit of the successor.
1. Variety selection and production The selection of the zucchini variety, Shandong No.2, which was bred by Shandong Agricultural University, was precocious, high-yield, disease-resistant, and the plants were sprawling. The main vine was 2-3 meters long. The first female flower is born on the 4-6th, and then a female flower is produced every 3-5 knots. It has strong ability of continuous fruiting and is suitable for traction cultivation in the shed.
Second, nursery
Sowing in early January. Nursery in the greenhouse, the seedbed plus a small arch shed. The seedlings of zucchini seeds are difficult to germinate. For cultivating strong seedlings, soaking and germination of white buds should be preferred. After emergence, the temperature is maintained at 20-25°C and the night temperature is 10-15°C. Melon seedlings grow to 3 leaves and 1 heart when planting, seedling age 50-55 days.
Third, colonization
In the middle and late March, sunny days were transplanted and planted. Chayas are not tolerant, but require higher soil moisture and must be cultivated in high ridges. The ridges are 80 cm apart, 20 cm high and 40 cm wide. Before ridging, Mu Shi fully decomposed 4000 kg of chicken manure, 50 kg of N, P, and K compound fertilizers and 20 kg of potassium sulfate. One day before planting, the seedbed was watered so that it could be planted with soil. According to the planting distance of 35 centimeters, about 2500 acres were planted.
IV. Management after planting
1, temperature. After planting, the greenhouse is warmed and the seedlings are promoted. After 5-7 days, the melon seedlings began to grow, and the slow seedlings were over. The temperature was maintained at 25-28°C and the night temperature was 12-18°C. Into the flowering period, the temperature 25-30 °C, night temperature around midnight 16 °C, about 12 °C in the middle of the night. In case of serious cooling weather, when the night temperature in the shed is low, temporary warming measures should be taken so that the minimum night temperature cannot be lower than 8°C.
2, fertilizer water. After the planting, the seedlings were irrigated with water, and no drought or watering was required before flowering and fruit setting to facilitate the formation of female flowers. After sitting on melon to strengthen the fertilizer, watering and topdressing combined, every 10 days or so water 1 times, every 1 times the water chase 1 fertilizer, each mu compound fertilizer 10-15 kg. Watering is done on a sunny day in the morning.
3, plant adjustments. After culturing the seedlings, one cultivator shall be used, and appropriate seedlings shall be used. When the main vine grows to 30-35 centimeters, a vine is pressed to promote adventitious root formation. After the vines are draped with a hanging rope hanger. Be careful not to allow the creeper to climb to the top of the roof once and do it at the right time. In the greenhouse, the melons are dominated by the main vine, and the vines are the next. Before the first vine, the main vine was taken and all lateral vines were removed. After the first squash was seated, 2-3 side vines were selected to ensure that the plants had larger assimilation leaf area and the number of later results was increased. In general, 5 candling melons can be harvested per plant, 3 main vines and 2 side vines. The main vine after the third melon seated, leaving 5-6 leaves topping. Similarly, each side vine sits on a melon and leaves 6-7 leaves topping.
4, artificial pollination. The rate of female flowers in guaiac is low, and a female flower occurs every 3-5 knots. In order to ensure the neatness of the sitting guava, artificial pollination is used to promote sitting guarana. At 8-11 am, the newly opened male flower was removed, and the corolla was removed. The pollen was lightly applied to the female stigma. A male flower can pollinate 2-3 female flowers.
5. Pest control. The humidity in the greenhouse is large, and the squash is prone to epidemic hazards. At the initial stage of disease, 72% of Prokary 500 times or 75% of chlorothalonil 500 times is sprayed every 7-10 days and sprayed 3-4 times. Insect pests are mainly maggots, whiteflies, and Liriomyza sativae. In the stage of pest occurrence, low-toxic and low-residue pesticides are used for early control.
6, harvest. Generally about 20 days after flowering, the tender melon grows to 350-500 grams, then it can be harvested and marketed. If harvesting is too late, it will affect the fruit of the successor.
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