The Important Role of Wild Blood Yak in the Development of Yak Industry

Wild yak is homologous to the family yak. According to records, about 4000 years ago, the ancestors of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau experienced untold hardships before they gradually domesticated wild yak into domestic yak through the accumulation of the times. Wild yak in a specific ecological environment, through harsh natural selection, weed out the vulnerable individuals, and preserve the good traits such as growth, adaptability, and resistance. Therefore, it is of great value to the improvement of domestic yaks.

The Lanzhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Datong Cattle Breeding Company of Qinghai Province have been designated as “Datong Yak” for more than 20 years. The breeding of the Datong Yak has an important supporting role in the development of the Yak industry.

Using wild blood to purify and rejuvenate domestic yaks

The Datong Yak is a wild bloody yak. ​​With the Daitong Yak, it is possible to import the genetics of the wild Yak to purify and rejuvenate the Yak, which can greatly increase the productivity of the domestic Yak. According to data provided by the Datong Cattle Farm, wild blood yak has a rapid growth and development, and its hybrid progeny meat production performance is increased by more than 20% on average compared with the same age family calves.

Using wild-blooded yaks to make parallel fathers to produce Tibetan cows

In the Tibetan cool cow model, due to the use of the Ximuthu cool cattle produced by the Simmental hybrid, the production performance and viability have dropped sharply after the second generation. Wildbred yak is used as a parallel male parent for intraspecific hybridization. Wild blood calf can not only improve the production performance, but also improve the adaptability of future generations.

In order to solve the problem of declining adaptability of Tibetan cattle, the Tibetan cool cattle crossbreeding improvement program was implemented. Simmental was introduced to improve the performance of meat milk production. At the same time, wild bloody yaks were arranged to be the father and the crossbred. Improve the blood ratio of calves in a timely manner so that they do not fall below 30%, and maintain their ability to adapt to the alpine grasslands.

Wild blood yak cooperates with “Sim Mentar” to breed in pastoral areas

The Simmental improved cattle in the farming area of ​​the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were crossed with wild blood calves. This hybrid cattle, which uses the “improved cattle of Simmental in the agricultural area” as the female parent and the male parent of the wild blood yak, is called “wild cattle”. Since wild West cattle contain 50% wild yak blood, it can improve the adaptability to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Wild West cattle contains 50% of Simmental blood, which can improve the meat and milk production performance and become a supporting system with popularization and application value.

The wild West cattle obtained by crossbreeding in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau agricultural area has improved the adaptability to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and milk production capacity. Then, the wild cattle were transferred to a higher pastoral area for rearing. This hybrid improved cattle, milk and other production performance greatly improved, with the ability to adapt to the alpine environment like yaks, the productivity of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau yak and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is of great significance to reduce the livestock's efficiency and protect the ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

The basic cows in the pastoral areas are bred from the Simmental improved cattle in the agricultural area and crossbreed with wild bloody yak to produce the next generation of hybrid cows. Because they contain 50% of Simmental blood, their meat and Dairy performance has been greatly improved compared with calves. At the same time, it contains the blood of the wild blood yak, which is more adaptable to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau than the yellow cattle. It can be transferred to a higher pastoral area when the basic cows feed.

The ability to adapt the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to the blood supply of wild yaks to the bulls in the pastoral area that can quickly fertilize the wilderness of the Tibetan Plateau has greatly improved. Wild West cattle contain Simmental blood, which greatly enhances meat production performance. Wild West bulls are fast-growing, large in size, and have good meat performance. They are transferred to the pastoral areas and handed over to pastoralists as beef cattle for rearing. After two years, they can achieve fattening slaughter, greatly shorten the feeding period, save forage fodder, and reduce herd size. Quantity, optimized herd structure, reduced pressure on grassland, improved ecological benefits and herdsmen's income.

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