Catfish Aquaculture Technology
2018-04-19 15:00:19
Compared with local farming and dialects, the earthless aquaculture has the advantages of convenient management, easy domestication, high stocking density, and high economic benefit. Soilless aquaculture can be divided into two types: waterless soilless culture and static waterless soilless culture. Now the main points of the technology of aquaculture without water in aquaculture are described as follows:
First, the fish pond design
1. Principle. We must follow the principle of "fighting against evasion, easy catching, convenient drainage, and simulating the natural environment."
2, fish pond specifications. Generally 6-10m2, pond height 25-30cm, slightly higher outdoor ponds. Because the squid is relatively docile, as long as the fish nest is set well, there is no over-stimulation and it is extremely rare for the wall to escape. It can be used in single-brick walls, with small pools of cement or padding plastic film in several sizes, but the inlet and outlet must be independent to prevent the spread of diseases and insect pests.
3, the shape of the fish pond, rectangular or square as well.
4, "Sanshuikou" (intake, drain, overflow) requirements. The water outlet is slightly lower than the bottom of the pool; the water inlet is located directly above the food platform and is opposite to the water outlet. The location is generally 15-20cm from the bottom of the pool; the overflow outlet is 20cm from the bottom of the pool, and no overflow outlets may be provided for indoor aquaculture. The diameter of each nozzle is 5-6cm, and a nylon mesh is needed to cover the feces and prevent the escape of the catfish.
5, fish nest design. Generally, fish nests are placed at the four corners of the fish pond. Tiles or broken bricks can be piled together. The gap is slightly larger than the fish but not too wide. Bamboo or PVC pipes can also be used instead. In addition, the fish pond is set aside 1/3 of the area to set up the food table, and it can be used to form rectangular boxes with wooden bars and nylon nets, or to buy low plastic trays from the market.
Diversification
1, the quality of fish. The specifications of adult clam cultured fish should be the same and should be 40-80 pieces/kg. The fish species should be healthy and active, and the body surface should be free from injury. The color of the fish species should be yellow or blue-yellow.
2, fingerling disinfection. 1 Soaking with 3%-5% saline for about 5 minutes, but this method is irritating, must be cautious when operating; 2 Soak for 10 minutes with 10ppm KMnO4 solution or 8-10ppm bleach solution, the effect is better; 3 There are parasites in particular In the case of the Chinese neck cercariae, dip in a solution of 0.2% trichlorfon for 10-15 minutes, or dip for 8 minutes with 8ppm copper sulfate solution.
3, high-density exercise. Before putting it into the fish pond, it is best to use large plastic pots for temporary training of fish species for 1-2 days for high-density exercise (density of 5 kg/m2) and change the water thoroughly every 3-4 hours.
4, stocking density. Generally 1.5-2.5 kg/m2. The density can be slightly higher when the technical management level is high, but should not exceed 5 kg/m2.
Third, daily management
1, water quality management. The water depth in the room is kept at 5-8cm and it stays about 10cm outdoors. It can be deepened to 15-20cm in hot season. Due to the shallow water level, the carp excretion is large and the water quality is easily deteriorated. Therefore, change the water more frequently, which is the key to aquaculture without water, usually 3-4 days in summer, once in spring and autumn, and change the water every time. Production practices have shown that the complete replacement of water resources in pest control does not affect the growth and development of carps.
2, feeding. After stocking the fish, it takes 7-10 days or even longer to acclimate the squid to feed on the compound feed (the feed is wetted into a ball or twisted into a strip with a meat grinder), and after the food is normal, the feed should be “timedâ€. , quantitative and fixed points, and take corresponding management measures by observing the feeding situation of squid.
3, pest control. It is mainly prevention. The main diseases and pests in still waterless culture include capillary nematode disease, enteritis disease, bacterial rotting disease, print disease, and erythroderma disease. After the domesticated food has been successfully eaten, the drugs (such as trichlorfon and anthelmintic) are mixed and killed immediately. The control of other diseases is similar to the cultivation of earth.
4, winter. Relatively speaking, indoor summer is easier. It is necessary to consider shade in outdoor farming, deepen the water level at high temperatures, and adjust the temperature with groundwater.
5, winter. Usually over the winter in the soil aquaculture ponds, divided into two types with or without water overwintering. The depth of water with water is about 20cm in winter, but it is necessary to put grass, branches and other objects to prevent the whole pool from freezing. Without water, it will be drained before it hibernates in winter, and the mud will remain moist. It will be safely overwintering with insulation materials such as straw. Where conditions permit, the indoor temperature in winter is kept above 15°C, so that the carp breaks dormancy, and it can still grow in winter. Before and after the Spring Festival, the sale of commercial plutonium is more desirable.
First, the fish pond design
1. Principle. We must follow the principle of "fighting against evasion, easy catching, convenient drainage, and simulating the natural environment."
2, fish pond specifications. Generally 6-10m2, pond height 25-30cm, slightly higher outdoor ponds. Because the squid is relatively docile, as long as the fish nest is set well, there is no over-stimulation and it is extremely rare for the wall to escape. It can be used in single-brick walls, with small pools of cement or padding plastic film in several sizes, but the inlet and outlet must be independent to prevent the spread of diseases and insect pests.
3, the shape of the fish pond, rectangular or square as well.
4, "Sanshuikou" (intake, drain, overflow) requirements. The water outlet is slightly lower than the bottom of the pool; the water inlet is located directly above the food platform and is opposite to the water outlet. The location is generally 15-20cm from the bottom of the pool; the overflow outlet is 20cm from the bottom of the pool, and no overflow outlets may be provided for indoor aquaculture. The diameter of each nozzle is 5-6cm, and a nylon mesh is needed to cover the feces and prevent the escape of the catfish.
5, fish nest design. Generally, fish nests are placed at the four corners of the fish pond. Tiles or broken bricks can be piled together. The gap is slightly larger than the fish but not too wide. Bamboo or PVC pipes can also be used instead. In addition, the fish pond is set aside 1/3 of the area to set up the food table, and it can be used to form rectangular boxes with wooden bars and nylon nets, or to buy low plastic trays from the market.
Diversification
1, the quality of fish. The specifications of adult clam cultured fish should be the same and should be 40-80 pieces/kg. The fish species should be healthy and active, and the body surface should be free from injury. The color of the fish species should be yellow or blue-yellow.
2, fingerling disinfection. 1 Soaking with 3%-5% saline for about 5 minutes, but this method is irritating, must be cautious when operating; 2 Soak for 10 minutes with 10ppm KMnO4 solution or 8-10ppm bleach solution, the effect is better; 3 There are parasites in particular In the case of the Chinese neck cercariae, dip in a solution of 0.2% trichlorfon for 10-15 minutes, or dip for 8 minutes with 8ppm copper sulfate solution.
3, high-density exercise. Before putting it into the fish pond, it is best to use large plastic pots for temporary training of fish species for 1-2 days for high-density exercise (density of 5 kg/m2) and change the water thoroughly every 3-4 hours.
4, stocking density. Generally 1.5-2.5 kg/m2. The density can be slightly higher when the technical management level is high, but should not exceed 5 kg/m2.
Third, daily management
1, water quality management. The water depth in the room is kept at 5-8cm and it stays about 10cm outdoors. It can be deepened to 15-20cm in hot season. Due to the shallow water level, the carp excretion is large and the water quality is easily deteriorated. Therefore, change the water more frequently, which is the key to aquaculture without water, usually 3-4 days in summer, once in spring and autumn, and change the water every time. Production practices have shown that the complete replacement of water resources in pest control does not affect the growth and development of carps.
2, feeding. After stocking the fish, it takes 7-10 days or even longer to acclimate the squid to feed on the compound feed (the feed is wetted into a ball or twisted into a strip with a meat grinder), and after the food is normal, the feed should be “timedâ€. , quantitative and fixed points, and take corresponding management measures by observing the feeding situation of squid.
3, pest control. It is mainly prevention. The main diseases and pests in still waterless culture include capillary nematode disease, enteritis disease, bacterial rotting disease, print disease, and erythroderma disease. After the domesticated food has been successfully eaten, the drugs (such as trichlorfon and anthelmintic) are mixed and killed immediately. The control of other diseases is similar to the cultivation of earth.
4, winter. Relatively speaking, indoor summer is easier. It is necessary to consider shade in outdoor farming, deepen the water level at high temperatures, and adjust the temperature with groundwater.
5, winter. Usually over the winter in the soil aquaculture ponds, divided into two types with or without water overwintering. The depth of water with water is about 20cm in winter, but it is necessary to put grass, branches and other objects to prevent the whole pool from freezing. Without water, it will be drained before it hibernates in winter, and the mud will remain moist. It will be safely overwintering with insulation materials such as straw. Where conditions permit, the indoor temperature in winter is kept above 15°C, so that the carp breaks dormancy, and it can still grow in winter. Before and after the Spring Festival, the sale of commercial plutonium is more desirable.