Seedlings of C. cuspidatum
One. Nursery Selection: The ideal soil for growing seedlings of Cephalotaxus fortunei is deep, loose, rich in humus, and well-drained. It can also be intercropped with woodland needles or mixed broad-leaved forests. For sowing, it is recommended to use 80 pounds of seeds with a germination rate of 90%. This breeding base has successfully solved the issues of long dormancy, cutting propagation, and rooting of C. fortunei, and has selected high-quality harringtonia seedlings.
Two. Soil Fertilization: Newly cultivated land is usually fertile enough to avoid additional fertilization. However, old land should be deeply tilled to a depth of 20-25 cm, with beds raised to 15-20 cm and 1.2 meters wide. Apply an appropriate amount of decomposed organic fertilizer, and then mix in 1.5 kg of phoxim and ferrous sulfate per mu to control underground pests and adjust soil pH. Two weeks before sowing, disinfect the seedlings using a 0.3% potassium permanganate or formalin solution. Water thoroughly, cover with plastic film, and after a week, open the film and sow five days later. Drilling can be done as needed.
Three. Seed Germination: (1) New Seed Sowing Method: Before sowing, soak the seeds in a 1%-2% copper sulfate solution for 5 minutes, then rinse with water. Next, soak them in a 50-degree liquor and 40-degree warm water mixture (1:1) for 20-30 minutes. After that, treat them with 0.05% gibberellin for 24 hours to activate hydrolytic enzymes, break dormancy, and promote early germination. (2) Alternate-Year Burial and Germination: Soak the seeds in warm water (around 45°C) for 3-4 days until the kernels turn milky white. Then, dip them in a 1%-2% copper sulfate solution, mix with three times the volume of moist sand (60% moisture), and place them in a straw bag or wooden box in a well-drained underground cellar. The cellar should be located in a high area with a depth of about 1.5 m to prevent rodent entry. Monitor the temperature regularly; during summer, keep it below 20°C. If the temperature rises, set up shade over the window or open it at night for cooling. Using this method, seeds are stored in autumn, fully buried in the following year, and sown in spring of the third year when 20%-30% of the seeds have germinated. (3) Taxus chinensis seedlings grow slowly, typically taking two years. Harringtonine has overcome the challenges of seed dormancy and cutting rooting of C. fortunei, resulting in high-quality harringtonia saplings. (4) Winter Burial and Germination: Suitable for annual seeding, this method involves removing the seed coats from fresh seeds in autumn, soaking, disinfecting, and mixing with sand (similar to the alternate-year method). About 20-30 days before sowing, spread the seeds in a shaded, wind-protected area, cover with plastic film to raise the temperature, and keep the soil moist. Once some of the seed coats begin to crack, they are ready for sowing.
Four. Seedling Management: (1) Arch Protection: If using flat film for dense seeding, check regularly. When the radicle turns white, cover with arch film to maintain moisture. After switching to arch film, adjust temperature and humidity. On sunny days, open the two layers of agricultural film to reduce temperature and improve air circulation. Spray the seedbed once every 3-4 days to maintain 55%-60% humidity. Prevent rat damage. When the seedlings have two leaves and one heart, uncover them. (2) Thinning and Spacing: For yew cedar cultivars, plant about 200 seeds per square meter. If the seedlings are too dense and have 3-4 leaves and one heart, transplant them at 15 cm by 20 cm spacing. (3) Weeding and Fertilizing: Conduct weeding 2-3 times, combined with applying 5–10 kg of urea and 3–5 kg of potassium chloride per acre. Alternatively, spray 0.25% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves. (4) Pest Control: Cephalotaxus is generally resistant to pests, but occasionally aphids or spider mites may appear. Use pesticides like dichlorvos or dimethoate for prevention and control. (5) Two-Year-Old Seedlings: Apply diluted animal manure 3-5 times, ammonium sulfate 1-2 times, and flush with water after each application to avoid phytotoxicity. From June to July, apply potassium fertilizer to increase lignification. Additionally, ensure proper field management such as weeding and soil loosening.
Due to the irregular characteristics of the pelvic structure, the choice of internal fixation is diverse.
For patients separated symphysis pubis, a 2 or 4 holes, 4.5 or 3.5mm diameter dynamic compression plate or reconstruction plate can be used and fixed with full-thread cancellous bone screws.Another method of fixation is lag screw fixation. In patients with new sacroiliac joint dislocation with a forward approach,firm fixation can be achieved by using 2holes 3.5mm dynamic compression plates through the front of the sacroiliac joint. The posterior approach can also be used to insert 6.5mm lag screws into the sacral wings or hollow cancellous bone screws with interosseous compression for firm internal fixation. If available, the fracture may be fixed with 3.5mm or 4.5mm pelvic reconstruction plates and appropriate full-thread cancellous bone screws.
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