Comprehensive measures for high and stable production of layer hens in winter
2019-05-01 14:03:35
In winter, the climate is cold and the sunshine hours are short. Usually, the egg laying rate of laying hens declines or even stops production. In order to ensure high yields and stable production of layer hens in winter, the following measures must be taken in the feeding and management:
First, adjust the diet in a timely manner. In winter, the temperature is low, and the feed intake of laying hens is increased to resist cold invasion. Therefore, in the formulation of diets, it is necessary to appropriately increase energy feeds to reduce the proportion of protein feeds. The general requirements of the winter with dietary protein content of 16% -17%, 2.75 million calories of metabolic energy / kg, calcium 2.8% -3.2%, while meeting the needs of chickens for various vitamins and minerals, to eat freely or It is advisable to feed 3-4 times a day. Cage chickens pay attention to sand second, timely rectification of chickens. Egg production capacity increases with age. Each year about 15% reduction, from the economic point of view, laying hens use the majority of the 1-2 years more cost-effective. Therefore, in order to facilitate feeding and management, and maintain a high level of production, before the laying hens are raised in the same year, chickens in the same group of chickens that are thin, diseased, have poor growth, and have malignant fleas are to be reared or eliminated. For the continued use of an egg production year, low-laying layers that eliminate moulting in advance should be taken during reorganization, only healthy high-yielding layer chickens should be kept, and artificial forced moulting should be implemented.
Third, to strengthen the insulation and cold measures. The most suitable temperature for laying hens is 16-23°C. When the temperature is lower than 13°C, the egg production drops obviously. Therefore, it is best to sit in the south facing south during the winter season, and according to the situation, use the furnace, fire wall, heating, plastic greenhouses and other forms to raise the temperature inside the house. Ground layer chickens can be raised in temperature by increasing the stocking density or warming the sheds. The floor of the house is kept dry and clean. The chicken house must be closed tightly to prevent the intrusion of the wind, and ventilation and ventilation should be taken in due course to keep the air in the house fresh. The relative humidity of the house is 60%. It is also advisable to use a thick padding material. After the floor is cleaned and disinfected, a layer of lime is sprinkled. Then 1 kg (about 10 cm thick) of grass is spread per square meter. Increase the amount of clean hay on a daily basis, and remove the grass when the temperature rises after spring.
Fourth, add light. After the laying hens are put into production, the light time needs to be kept 14-15 hours daily until the end of egg production. In winter, the natural lighting time is short, so it is necessary to artificially supplement the light. For maximum economic benefit for the layer chickens to be eliminated, the daily lighting time can be extended to 18 hours.
Fifth, do a good job in epidemic prevention. The first is immunization and deworming. Laying hens at the age of 18 weeks (two weeks before the start of production) were attenuated with the Newcastle disease virus vaccine, avian cholera hydroxide seedlings, and the chickenpox vaccine, and levamisole vaccine; the second was to improve the environment. Prevent miscellaneous people, rats, etc. from entering the chicken house so as not to bring the disease into the house. At the same time, preventive drugs should be administered regularly or irregularly depending on the actual situation. The third is to pay attention to the health condition of the inspected chickens, find abnormalities, identify the reasons and take appropriate measures.
6. Avoid the influence of stress factors. Laying hens are sensitive to environmental changes during egg production. Once they are affected by various factors such as relocation, feed mutation, poor ventilation, lack of light or vaccination, and startle, laying hens will develop stress responses and cause changes in physiological functions. Lead to decreased egg production or production stoppages. Therefore, the influence of various stress factors should be reduced or avoided as much as possible. Management personnel must work orderly and regularly in and out of the coops. All operations should be light and swift. In particular, it is necessary to prevent panic and chicken-induced panic and keep the environment relatively quiet and stable.
First, adjust the diet in a timely manner. In winter, the temperature is low, and the feed intake of laying hens is increased to resist cold invasion. Therefore, in the formulation of diets, it is necessary to appropriately increase energy feeds to reduce the proportion of protein feeds. The general requirements of the winter with dietary protein content of 16% -17%, 2.75 million calories of metabolic energy / kg, calcium 2.8% -3.2%, while meeting the needs of chickens for various vitamins and minerals, to eat freely or It is advisable to feed 3-4 times a day. Cage chickens pay attention to sand second, timely rectification of chickens. Egg production capacity increases with age. Each year about 15% reduction, from the economic point of view, laying hens use the majority of the 1-2 years more cost-effective. Therefore, in order to facilitate feeding and management, and maintain a high level of production, before the laying hens are raised in the same year, chickens in the same group of chickens that are thin, diseased, have poor growth, and have malignant fleas are to be reared or eliminated. For the continued use of an egg production year, low-laying layers that eliminate moulting in advance should be taken during reorganization, only healthy high-yielding layer chickens should be kept, and artificial forced moulting should be implemented.
Third, to strengthen the insulation and cold measures. The most suitable temperature for laying hens is 16-23°C. When the temperature is lower than 13°C, the egg production drops obviously. Therefore, it is best to sit in the south facing south during the winter season, and according to the situation, use the furnace, fire wall, heating, plastic greenhouses and other forms to raise the temperature inside the house. Ground layer chickens can be raised in temperature by increasing the stocking density or warming the sheds. The floor of the house is kept dry and clean. The chicken house must be closed tightly to prevent the intrusion of the wind, and ventilation and ventilation should be taken in due course to keep the air in the house fresh. The relative humidity of the house is 60%. It is also advisable to use a thick padding material. After the floor is cleaned and disinfected, a layer of lime is sprinkled. Then 1 kg (about 10 cm thick) of grass is spread per square meter. Increase the amount of clean hay on a daily basis, and remove the grass when the temperature rises after spring.
Fourth, add light. After the laying hens are put into production, the light time needs to be kept 14-15 hours daily until the end of egg production. In winter, the natural lighting time is short, so it is necessary to artificially supplement the light. For maximum economic benefit for the layer chickens to be eliminated, the daily lighting time can be extended to 18 hours.
Fifth, do a good job in epidemic prevention. The first is immunization and deworming. Laying hens at the age of 18 weeks (two weeks before the start of production) were attenuated with the Newcastle disease virus vaccine, avian cholera hydroxide seedlings, and the chickenpox vaccine, and levamisole vaccine; the second was to improve the environment. Prevent miscellaneous people, rats, etc. from entering the chicken house so as not to bring the disease into the house. At the same time, preventive drugs should be administered regularly or irregularly depending on the actual situation. The third is to pay attention to the health condition of the inspected chickens, find abnormalities, identify the reasons and take appropriate measures.
6. Avoid the influence of stress factors. Laying hens are sensitive to environmental changes during egg production. Once they are affected by various factors such as relocation, feed mutation, poor ventilation, lack of light or vaccination, and startle, laying hens will develop stress responses and cause changes in physiological functions. Lead to decreased egg production or production stoppages. Therefore, the influence of various stress factors should be reduced or avoided as much as possible. Management personnel must work orderly and regularly in and out of the coops. All operations should be light and swift. In particular, it is necessary to prevent panic and chicken-induced panic and keep the environment relatively quiet and stable.
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