Regulation of winter shoots and nutrition

Regulating winter shoots and preserving nutrients in the coming winter, flowering trees, growing trees, and the winter shoots of southern evergreen fruit trees refer to the vegetative shoots that germinate in the winter (November-December). If they are not fully grown, they generally cannot be a good result. Mother trees, different varieties last autumn The tip of the shoot after the best pumping period (ie, the shoots that are not likely to form flower buds). The occurrence of winter shoots affected the dormancy of fruit trees in winter and wasted a lot of nutrients, which is undoubtedly unfavorable for flower bud differentiation. The occurrence of winter shoots weakens the tree vigor, causing diseases and insect pests to take advantage of it. Controlling winter shoots is mainly accomplished by adjusting shoot growth periods and suppressing vegetative growth during the winter. The time for controlling winter shoots varies according to different varieties. The general principle is to control the winter shoots to promote flower bud differentiation according to the requirements of different flower bud differentiation periods. In recent years, southern evergreen trees have introduced new techniques for controlling shoots and flowers, and have received amazing results.
Cultivate strong autumn shoots, thoroughly clean the garden, and cultivate timely and robust autumn shoots. The result is that the mother shoot is one of the key measures for high yield. After picking the fruit, the main work is to restore the tree vigor and prompt the autumn shoots to be drawn out in due course. Postharvest pruning; pruning can promote tipping. Therefore, according to the number of times to determine the trimming period, generally require pruning after fruit picking, cut sawing wounds should be promptly closed with the "wounding anti-corrosion film." In accordance with the condition of the tree, cultivate 1 to 3 times autumn shoots. The first and second shoots should be cultured mainly with nitrogen fertilizer, and the third shoot should be cultivated. Special attention should be paid to the supply of water and proper control of nitrogen fertilizer; but it is to control the winter shoots. In seasons, it is necessary not only to control the supply of water, but also to achieve the purpose of water production by turning the soil, so that the growth of shoots can be slowed or stopped to facilitate flower bud differentiation. In January-February, during the morphological differentiation of flower buds, in the event of drought, irrigation should be used to promote flower buds. The purpose of clearing the garden in the winter is to eliminate the sources of wintering diseases and insects, reduce the number of pests in the spring, and achieve prevention-based objectives. In particular, the orchards with severe aphid fever disease must be cleared in the winter. The management of the canopy should cut off all the dried fruits on the canopy, the leaves damaged by pests, and the dried fruits damaged by Phytophthora capping before the winter, and then spray 100% of the lime-sulfur mixture + “General Tree Guardian”. Liquid (from late December to January).
Flower bud differentiation conditions
1. External environmental conditions: The morphological differentiation of flower buds of evergreen fruit trees requires low temperature for a period of time. The requirement of daily average temperature below 10C in flower bud morphous differentiation phase is conducive to flower bud differentiation. If the average daily temperature is above 18C, flowering is difficult. According to reports, the medium and late-maturing varieties maintained in the low temperature range of 0-10C for a period of time, which is conducive to the formation of flower buds. Dry environmental conditions (including soil moisture and air humidity) can delay the vegetative growth of the tree and are conducive to the physiological differentiation of flower buds.
2. Intrinsic conditions: Flower bud differentiation is a turning point from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. In the process of flower bud formation, the nutrient state and hormone type in the tree body. The proportion has changed significantly. The content of endogenous hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinin (CTK) in the leaves increased, and the growth promoting gibberellins (CAS) and auxin (IAA) decreased significantly. This is the nutritional basis required for flower bud differentiation. .
Controlling Winter Tips to Promote Flower Technology Measures
1. Mechanical methods to control winter shoots to promote flowers: (1) cutting off the roots, combined with basal fertilization after the first shoot is fully matured, digging shallow ditch green or applying organic fertilizer outside the canopy dripping line, if the tree vigor is more prosperous, it is estimated that If you take out the winter shoots, you can cut the fine roots over the entire tree tray. (2) ring cut: Mostly used for young trees, usually carried out in November to December, preferably in the diameter of 6 to 10 centimeters on the branch cut, and pay attention to grasp the depth of ring cutting, just to reach the xylem prevail. (3) Helical girdling: Spiral girdling can be performed on the prosperous juvenile result tree. When the younger ones are not matured, they can use a stripping knife with a stripping width of 0.2-0.3 cm and girdling for 1 to 1.5 turns. The girdling part is from a trunk that is 25 centimeters above the ground and 8-10 centimeters thick. Main branches or lateral branches.
2. Chemical drugs control winter shoots to promote flowers: The use of paclobutrazol and other chemical hormones to kill shoots, kill roots and control winter shoots to promote flowering, easy to cause tree vigor to decline, yellow leaves, and even death, some plants even if they can become flowers, its fruiting ability is also weak, Low yield and poor fruit quality. The response to fruit trees and fruit development is great. With the advancement of science and technology, the control law will be eliminated and banned.
3. The use of plant electromagnetic induction magnetic field to control winter shoots to promote flowers: It is a new technology that has just emerged in recent years. It has successfully replaced the fruit tree girdling and replaced the spraying of chemical hormones. From the perspective of users in the south, investment can be reduced by 22.6%, fruit tree health by 92%, and comprehensive benefits by 50%. Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Chongqing, Fujian, Sichuan, Jiangxi, Shanghai, Hunan and other places have been widely used for mango, citrus, longan, litchi, bayberry, grapefruit, wolfberry, star anise, chestnut, apricot, plum Such as all kinds of fruit trees amazing effect, simple operation, no side effects, save money and effort, just invest a few cents per tree. Just brush (about one centimeter wide) on the ring cut, apply a little bit of "Spend Flower Control" to control the winter shoots, promote a large number of flower bud differentiation, and make the fruit trees bloom early in the spring and bloom more. The result is a strong result.
In the best period of controlling winter flowering, longan longan dormancy and flower bud emergence degree are in strong proportion, so longan growth cycle needs to go through a vegetative growth dormancy period to enter flower bud differentiation. Longan requires that in the period from January to January must stop vegetative growth and dormancy, in order to normal flowering results in the coming year. Otherwise, flower buds are not formed and the spring shoots are drawn, or the yield is reduced due to the fact that the spikes are too long and “shooting” makes the flowers poor quality. In the middle or late November, the main trunk or main branch was cut to a moderate degree, and a bit of “Spend Flower Controlling the King” Cream was painted to promote the longan to enter the dormancy and flowering state.
The timing of controlling winter shoots in litchi differs depending on the species and weather conditions. Premature March Red Litchi began in late September in Guangzhou; early maturing, medium-maturing litchi red March, Dazao, Shuidong, Fuzixiao, Baila, sugar-sugar, black leaves, etc., flower bud differentiation early, the end of differentiation is also early. After the autumn shoots are mature, the shoots will be controlled in mid-October, and Maoming and Zhanjiang will be postponed for 7-10 days. After the old shoots of autumn shoots mature, or in the winter - winter solstice, a spiral loop is cut on the trunk or branches for 1 round, and the <Cu Hua Wang No.2> cream is used to control the tip to promote flowering. According to different varieties, the flower buds are suitable for differentiation. Determine the promotion time. Generally early maturing varieties such as March Red are carried out from September to October, while middle late-maturing varieties such as glutinous rice bran and black leaves are conducted from November to December. It is also conducive to controlling winter shoots and promoting flower bud formation, but it is necessary to pay attention to the management of fertilizer and water.
Mango-aged mango trees do not bloom, and are closely related to cultivation management and climatic conditions. The flower bud differentiation period of mangoes is about from November to December. In the period from November to November, 15-20kg of firewood or 0.5-1kg of nitrogen-potassium fertilizer should be applied to each tree to promote flower bud differentiation and ensure flower development. If partial nitrogenous fertilizer is applied, it will lead to an increase in the body's endogenous hormones, so that the vegetative growth will be in an active state and affect flowering. In winter, the high-temperature and multi-temperature climate is conducive to the activities of the root system, drawing a large amount of nutrients and water, and supplying part of the aboveground nutrient growth. Create favorable conditions for winter shooting. The winter shoots of mango trees also affect flowering. For the normal flowering of mango trees, some physical measures can be used to prompt the shoots to stop growing in time, accumulate enough nutrients, transfer flower buds to differentiate and draw flower spikes. For vigorously growing varieties, on the main branch or sub-branches, about 1 meter away from the ground, cut a circle with a knife ring, deep to the xylem, cut a bit of "Spend flower control shoot the king" cream. In this way, the nutrients produced by the leaves are no longer transported downwards, and they are all accumulated at the upper end of the incision, so that the shoots have sufficient starch, fat, and protein to promote flower bud differentiation and can significantly increase the heading rate.
Citrus citrus is a perennial evergreen tree, and it is very important to do well in autumn and winter management. 1, autumn and winter is the flower bud differentiation period of citrus (The physiological differentiation of flower buds is mainly from September to October in the previous year, and the morphological differentiation is from November to March of the following year). The autumn and winter nutritional levels of citrus determine the coming year The number of flowers and the quality of flowers. 2. The nutrition stored in autumn and winter of citrus is the main source of nutrients needed for flowering and fruiting in the first half of the second year. 3. The strength of autumn and winter tree vigor directly influences whether or not the orange tree can safely pass winter. After the citrus fruit enters the full fruit period, there will often be phenomena of size and year. Therefore, effective measures must be taken in production. From September to December, the use of "Spend Flower Controlling Puppet King" cream to overcome the annual fruit size phenomenon of citrus, and promote its stable production and high yield year after year.
枇杷
From the end of September to the beginning of October, the flowers begin one after another. In early February of the following year, all flowers are thanked. The flowering period lasts for more than three months, and the fruit matures in mid-May. Germination of spring shoots in early March, summer shoots from late May to early June, autumn shoots from August, and flower bud differentiation from June to September.
In order to achieve flowering purposes, circumcision should be carried out during the physiological differentiation of eucalyptus flower buds (June-August). Because of the different climatic conditions of the varieties and cultivated lands, and the inconsistent cultivation and management techniques, the best time for girdling or circumcision is not the same everywhere.
Octagonal use of mechanical damage in the octagonal method, its main purpose is to control the summer shoot promotion. In addition, this method is only applied to plants that have little or no flowering or fruitless flowers. The xylem of the stem is a vein that carries water and inorganic nutrients within the tree. "Spend flower control shoot the king" cream can effectively control the water effect. This method will not lead to premature death of plants, is an ideal method to control the tip of flowers. The star anise is in southeastern Guangxi, and its early flowering period is from late July to early August. The flowering period is from mid-August to mid-September. In view of this, the time spent on cultivating flowers is appropriate from mid-July to mid-September. Because the star anise is 15-30 days before flowering, it is a crucial moment to decide the quality of flowers. During this period, the flowers differentiated into various floral devices, which required the presence of a large number of basic biomolecules such as amino acids, fatty acids, phospholipids, nucleotides, and vitamin b coenzymes.
In late October to mid-December, pomelo usually coincides with the beginning of the flower bud differentiation of the pomelo trees. Once the approximate time for flower bud differentiation and differentiation is known, it can promptly adopt comprehensive agricultural techniques to promote flower bud differentiation: control of water during flower bud differentiation, and reduce Land moisture content. Cut off part of the absorption root. Cut around the trunk or main branch and cut a little bit of the “Spend Flower Controlling Tip” cream. Debride the shoots and overshoots on the upper part of the crown to increase photosynthesis and increase carbohydrate accumulation.

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