Long kiss? Breeding technology

The first lecture: The status quo and the development prospects of the long-kissing breeds are long-kissed. They belong to the genus Axapta, family, and genus in taxonomy because their kisses are longer than other species of fish and their scientific name is Long Kiss. The group of rivers, “fertilizers (heads)”, “fish”, “Yangtze River fish”, etc. The long snouts are mainly distributed in the mainstream of the Yangtze River and the downstream waters of major tributaries. Common catches weigh 1 to 5 kilograms. Up to 17 kilograms, the meat is fresh and tender, especially the "Jiangcun" captured in the small Three Gorges section of the Minjiang River in Qingshen County, Leshan City, Sichuan, and historical records have been a royal tribute since ancient times. Of the 18 kinds of amino acids, 13 species are higher than grass carp, especially glutamic acid and aspartic acid are as high as 12.05% and 8.51%, respectively, which is one of the reasons why their meat is particularly delicious. Lack of glycine, but in the long-swept muscles and sputum (the raw material of the famous "fish maw") has a content of 3.94%.
Long kiss is one of the rare freshwater fish of our country's specialties. It is more famous in Sichuan as “the first fish of Tianfu”. From the 1960s onwards, the longest kisses produced in Sichuan were transported to Beijing for cooking and served as “steamed Jiang Tuan” and “Jiang Tuo Seng Fish Fillets” and became a delicacy favorited by Chinese and foreign guests. In the past 30 years, due to excessive fishing, the natural resources of rivers and rivers have been declining and there have been very few fish catches. For this reason, Sichuan Fisheries Research Institute began to carry out research on the technologies of rearing, domestication and artificial breeding since 1980. After eight years of hard work, it finally became a living habit, breeding biology, seed breeding, and breeding. Breakthroughs have been made in fish rearing, artificial feed compounding, and disease prevention and control. It has won the second prize for scientific and technological progress in Sichuan Province and the second prize for scientific and technological progress in the Ministry of Agriculture. The transformation and promotion of scientific research results have been followed by Sichuan, Chongqing, and Guangdong, Hubei, Jiangsu, and Shanghai. Anhui, Jiangxi, and Hunan have begun pilot projects. In particular, Guangdong has had six years of breeding practices and developed long-term kisses to transport large and medium-sized cities such as Shanghai, Ningxia, and Han. At present, the most perfect techniques, the most concentrated production, and the most successful breeding methods are pond culture and cage culture. The fish production in the pond has generally reached 400-500 kg/mu (some exceed 750 kg/mu), the mu profit is 0.8-1.2 million yuan; the output of cage culture can reach 10,000-20,000 kg/mu, and the profit of the mu is 3～ 70,000 yuan. As regards aquaculture, it has already begun to promote, and factory farming is still under experimental research. What is the prospect of breeding long kisses? Wouldn’t it be because people are plunging into a dilemma like raising turtles? The answer is no, because: 1. Long kisses? The 5th instar can be officially put into production as a broodstock, and the amount of spawning is relatively small, and artificial breeding requires “killing and taking sperm”, so the scale of seed production is limited, which is a “bottleneck” that restricts the aquaculture industry. Second, the long kiss, the water quality of the water source is very strict, and the requirement for dissolved oxygen is slightly higher, so the surface of the water can be limited; Third, the long-knee market is much wider than the soft-shelled turtle because of its production cost and market sales. Prices are not high, can enter millions of households. In addition, the international market's consumption hotspots are the squidless fish with no scales and no intertwining thorns. The long-knit meat and meat are on top of each other, and they are not favored by foreign consumers! So we believe that it does not Will repeat the mistakes of the development of turtles. On the contrary, as a new species of breeding, the long-knot is currently accepted and widely welcomed by farmers, and the development of the fish culture will be very promising.
1. Living habits Long-swimming? A warm-water fish, the survival temperature is 1 °C ~ 38 °C, growth temperature is 15 °C ~ 30 °C, the optimum growth temperature is 25 °C ~ 28 °C. Below 10°C and above 31°C, it is basically stopped. It can naturally overwinter in wild fish ponds. Even in northern areas, as long as the pool water maintains a certain depth, the surface water will freeze and it will not be frozen. In the southern Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and other provinces, the winter can continue. Grow. Oxygen consumption rate of long kisses is significantly higher than that of grasshoppers and other fish. When the water temperature is 24°C～26°C, if the dissolved oxygen in the water is more than 5mg/L, its appetite is strong, growth rate and feed reward are high; as the dissolved oxygen decreases, the food intake decreases and the growth slows down. The feed coefficient increased; when it fell below 1.2 mg/l, floating heads, sinking ponds and dead fish accidents occurred. Long kisses are less tolerant of hypoxia and generally die 30 minutes after leaving the water. Sometimes it did not leave water during transit, but it also died. Long-knot? Adaptability to fertilizers and water is not strong, so ordinary fish ponds are not suitable for feeding long kisses. In addition, it also has certain requirements for water quality. Any water that has industrial “three wastes” pollution, pesticide pollution or domestic pollution water pollution cannot enter the culture area. Its adaptation range of pH value of the water body is 6.5 to 8.0, the most appropriate range. Is 7.0 ~ 8.0 long kiss? Meek. Often lurking in deep water during the day, hi clusters, scattered food at night. It does not drill mud, skip jumps, or swim, so it is easier to catch. The catch rate of the first net in the pond is often about 80%. Even the pull net can basically catch the fish in the pool. In natural waters, the Tongjiang Lake, which is located in the bottom of rivers or sandy bottoms, is used for fattening. When the water temperature drops below 15°C, it gradually returns to winter in the main stream.
2. Preserved Long Kiss? Is a carnivorous young juvenile fish prefer to eat zooplankton, chironomid larvae, aquatic oligarchs, insects and shrimp, etc., adult fish eat loach, wheat ear, tiger fish, carp It also eats aquatic insects and their larvae, cockroaches and snail meat. After switching to domestication, they can feed on artificial compound feeds, but they are far less able to actively rob animals than crickets, cockroaches and grass carp. Therefore, they should not be polycultured with fish that have strong predators. Long kisses are almost never between the same kind of food. Of course, because of its own powerful self-defense weapons - fin spines with poisonous glands, other fierce carnivorous fish such as crickets, crickets, crickets, crickets and crickets do not dare to eat it.
3. Growth and long kisses are the fastest growing fish in the family. According to our test, the fry under the artificial rearing condition can grow to 12-45 cm at the end of the year, weigh 300-750 kg, and grow to 46-60 cm in length and 1000-25 kg in the third year. It can reach 60 to 70 centimeters in length and 2300 to 3,500 pounds in weight. It can grow to 65 to 80 centimeters in length and 3200 to 5,000 pounds in the fifth year. Of course, wild river fish did not grow so fast. We had captured a king of the river king weighing 17 kilograms and identified it as being between 18 and 20 years of age. Interestingly, before sexual maturity, males grow faster than females, which is exactly the opposite of bigmouth bass. Production practice has shown that 2 to 4 years of age are the fastest growing periods of long kisses, and tend to be slower after age 4.

4. The length of sexual maturation is generally 4 years old. The gonad development law is: in March most of the female ovaries are stage III, from the end of March to April into the IV period, from late April to early June is the IV to V period (ie spawning period), after mid-June We return to stage III again; males generally have mature spermatozoa in the middle and late March. Long snouts have a relatively small amount of fleshy eggs, usually weighing only 6480 to 14004 eggs per kilogram of broodstock, and the first sexually mature individuals can produce only about 3000 grains. The reproductive period of long kisses is from March to July. Sichuan's spawning period is from mid-April to mid-May. The egg is orange and yellow, and it will produce strong viscosity when it encounters water. The brooders have egg-protecting habits. When they are extremely hungry, they also feed their own eggs. At a water temperature of 20.5°C to 28.5°C, larvae can be hatched after 100 to 38 hours of fertilization. A long-kissed fish is a fish without scales. It is sensitive to the reactions of commonly used aquatic drugs, especially those heavy metal salts, which can easily cause acute or chronic phytotoxicity. Therefore, when it comes to the prevention and treatment of diseases, it must be used with caution.
Long Kiss? Breeding Technology Seminar (3)
Artificial Propagation Technique of Long Kiss? 1. Broodstock. The breeding sites on both banks of the Yangtze River can be in the breeding season, and can be purchased from individuals captured by river fish natural spawning farms and fishermen in the adjacent river sections. The production of gonads can be induced by maturation; individuals who cannot produce (2.5 kg or more in tail weight) Pond storage, micro-flow pool every 2 to 3 square meters can be stored in a 3 to 5 kilograms of broodstock, waiting for an opportunity to oxytocin; far away from the Yangtze River breeding sites are mostly artificial breeding of commercial fish in the reserved reserve broodstock, such broodstock The fatal weakness is inbreeding, and the offspring's traits are degraded. If the mature heterosexual broodstock is used to mate with the river, the problem will not be as serious.
2. Choose fish and matching groups. In general, mature females have good reproductive pores, enlarged abdomen, obvious ovary contours on the abdomen, and soft, elastic feel on the hands; mature males should be able to squeeze a small amount of white semen, but Due to the long kiss, the testis of the male has a unique structure, and most individuals cannot squeeze out semen. Experience tells us that as long as the end of the genital process is bright red or pink, it can be used. If artificial insemination is used, the proportion of males and females is usually 3 to 5:1, while the natural fertilization law is mostly 1:1 AK 2:3.
3. Urge production. HT HT has LRH-A and PG and PG. Both oxytocyanins are effective either alone or in combination. The size of the dose and the number of injections will depend on the sexual maturity of the broodstock and the temperature of the water. Generally, the body weight of females per kilogram is LRH-A15 to 60 micrograms and PG0.5 to 1.5 micrograms (the pituitary of 500 grams of body weight is the standard). Males are halved or equal in weight. The water temperature suitable for production is 20°C to 28°C, and the optimum water temperature is 23°C to 25°C.
4. Insemination and incubation. Long-knot? Fry can be obtained by natural spawning, natural fertilization and natural hatching. It can be obtained by artificial insemination and artificial hatching. However, the effect of the former is very poor, so the latter method is generally used in production. For mature females, the effect time of aphrodisiac drugs is usually high, and the eggs are usually very easy to extrude, and the large amount of semen in males has to be obtained by “killing males for their testes”. The dissolved oxygen content of incubating water is required to be above 7 mg/l, the water temperature is 22°C to 25°C, the PH value is about 7 and the ammonia nitrogen is below 0.03 mg/l. The length of incubation is closely related to the temperature of the water. When the water temperature is 24.5°C～27.5°C, the larvae will be able to produce film when hatching for 50-40 hours; when the water temperature is 22.5°C～24°C, it takes about 60 hours to hatch the larvae out of the membrane; the water temperature is 17°C～22°C, it needs to hatch 100 ~ 80 hours to see seedlings. The optimum incubation water temperature is 24°C 1°C. Hatching unfavorably at water temperatures lower than 17°C or higher than 28°C, not only the number of malformed seedlings but also the vitality of larvae. A mutation in the temperature of the hatching water that changes by more than 3°C will result in a large number of deaths of the embryo (fry). There are two sensitive periods for the development of embryonic development: the period of the primary intestine and the early period of release, and the management of hatching should pay special attention to the regulation of water quality, dissolved oxygen, and temperature in these two stages of development.
5. larvae rearing. The newly hatched larvae are orange-yellow and have a large yellowish sac on the abdomen. They can only lie on the bottom of the water (bottom of the tank) and their tails vibrate. At this point, the hatching roots should be removed and the larvae should be kept in cages. Management work. The long-term conservation of larvae is much longer than that of the “Four Home Fish” seedlings, which generally takes 6 to 7 days before they can be sold as seedlings or under the pond. The center of holding management is to insist on three “keep”, namely: maintaining the exchange of water with large flow rate and small flow rate; keeping the water quality fresh and the water temperature stable; maintaining the bottom of the rearing box and keeping the fish seedlings from building up. From the fourth day, a small amount of cooked egg yolk was fed. We must strengthen management and work hard to avoid the loss of dead people caused by human factors.
Long Kiss? Breeding Technology Seminar (V)
Lecture 5: Long-swept-breeding fish-breeding techniques Long-kissling fish-breeding means that the summer flowers are grown for 4 to 5 months to reach a total length of 13 to 20 cm and a body weight of 30 to 100. The cultivation process of such a large-size fish species. The key technologies during this period are the transfer of domesticated foods, which are changed from eating live bait to domestic feeds with compound feed, and the second is the deployment of full-priced fingerling feeds.
1. Transfer of domesticated food to domesticated food should be carried out in a small cement pond with water of several tens of square meters. After the food is transferred, the cultivation of fish fingerlings should be carried out in a mud pool with a surface area of ​​several hundred to a thousand square meters. The density of stocking summer flowers in a domesticated pool can be 100-200/m2. After entering the pond, the summer flowers are allowed to eat for a few more days. When they grow to 4 to 5 centimeters in length, they are allowed to feed for 1 to 2 days, and they can feed special feeds. Began to switch food, they believe that the fish species size is small, the plasticity of the change in food habits is large; otherwise it is the opposite. However, many of our comparative trials have been blatant, and the full-length 5 cm fingerlings are more ideal. The reason is as follows: First, to fully utilize the long kisses, the seedling stage has a growth characteristic of “sparse violence”. After the summer flower is put into the pond, feeding it for a few days can promote its growth. It can be 5 to 7 days in advance. The specification of centimeters; Second, the anatomical data show that fish species above 5 cm, the digestive organs, including the development and function of the digestive gland has been initially perfected, the caliber is also greater, the switch to eat at least 2 to 3 days. Therefore, in the same batch of summer flowers, the fish that first raised to the 5 cm size and then switched to food always had a full gradient over the 3 cm size. Feeding feed problems. Long-swimming? It is a carnivorous fish that feed on live baits such as zooplankton, aquatic oligochaete, and chironomid larvae. In order to achieve the purpose of feeding adult fish with artificial feed, it is necessary to undergo a domestication process that changes its diet. The switch to feed is specifically developed for the smooth passage of this link. The simplest feed can be fish meal, flour, etc. as raw materials, add a certain amount of attractant to prepare, and the crude protein content of feed must be more than 45%. When conditions permit, the machine can be made into a thin strip, now do now feed, or refrigerator cold storage. In the rural areas, meat sticks can be machined or knives can be cut by hand. The lure agent can be minced fish flesh pulp, liver pulp and raw duck eggs. Add 100 to 200 grams of attractant per 500 grams of dry feed. The effect of long-kissing and transfer of food can also be satisfactorily achieved by adopting nymphs or raising nymphs. Feeding during the transfer period 2 to 4 times a day, feeding the amount of about 20% to 10% of the fish body weight. The feeding method uses the “tracking method” first, ie where the fish is to feed the fodder, and then gradually transitions to “sound fixed-point feeding” and feed feeding. Generally, after 7 to 10 days of careful feeding, more than 90% of the fish species can ingest food and feed. At this time, it is necessary to reduce the amount of the attractant daily until the fish feed without the attractant is fed.
2. For fingerlings formulated with fingerlings, when the tail weight is less than 10 grams, the formula A feed with a crude protein content of 48% or more should be fed with formula B with a crude protein content of about 45% when the tail weight is above 10 grams. The feed ingredients are fishmeal (preferably imported fishmeal), cooked bean cakes, wheat, yeast, and sub-powder. The amount of silkworm pupae and rapeseed cake is limited to 5%, plus a small amount of compound additive premix. After the fish feed is pelleted, it can be stored for future use.
3, feeding and management of long kiss? There is stomach fish, feeding and feeding twice on the line, the daily feed is about 0.2% to 4% of the weight of fish, and to ensure that the feed quality palatability. According to the characteristics of its large nighttime feeding intensity, the amount of feeding in the evening can be more appropriate. Monthly use of oxytetracycline tablets, etc. made of baits for feeding fish, even feeding 3 days, can prevent diseases such as enteritis. During the transfer of food, there will be more residual bait. Wash the feed table frequently, and do not let the feed station and its surroundings smell stinky. Otherwise, the long kiss will often no longer feed on the table. The long-kiss? Hypoxic sour floating head phenomenon is different from regular domestic fish. If there are darkly pressed fish in the pool wall, they are head-on and their mouths are constantly on the verge of closure. This is a sign of serious floating heads. If you find that fish swim alone and it is dark, it is a sign of illness. If a pond fish has been eating normally for a few days, suddenly there is a lot of leftovers, which is a sign of a sudden change in weather or deterioration of water quality (at least if the underlying water is corrupted). All necessary immediate measures should be taken to rescue them. The long-swept stage of fish breeding is susceptible to disk hookworm, trichoderma, and anchor head bursitis, and sometimes it also causes blood disease and gill disease. See Chapter 9 for methods of prevention and control.

Best used to cure Cancer, it inhibits the growth of Cancer, it inhibits the growth of Cancer cells. Cures Heart diseases, Menstrual Disorders.

The Herb is known to have powerful antioxidant and anti aging properties.

It delays the aging process and helps you to look young.

It nurtures the liver and kidney and regulates their functioning. The herb takes care of the liver and treats all the disorders associated with organ.

Sures fatigue and weakness in teh knees, waist.

Treats dizziness and relieves stress, clears the vision of the eyes.

It is known to regulate the circulation of blood throughout the body, hence, replenishes the body and skin.

Used to treat impotency in men.

It boosts up the immune system and helps to achieve longevity.

Organic Black Goji Berries

Organic Black Goji Berries,Organic Black Wolfberry,Wild Organic Black Goji Berries,Wild Organic Black Wolfberry

Ningxia GuoGuoLaoDie Food Co., Ltd. , http://www.lovegojiberries.com