Autumn potato is the key to high-yielding early planting

Practice has proved that the level of sweet potato production has a close relationship with the growth of stems and leaves. Sweet potato is a kind of warm crop, and high-temperature and high-humidity from July to September is the golden season for cultivated autumn sweet potato. The experience of high yields in various regions has proven that timely early planting, prolonging the effective growth period, and increasing the effective accumulated temperature are one of the important measures to seize the high yield of autumn potatoes. According to the planting period test, the effective accumulated temperature is closely related to the yield during the growth period of the potato. The sweet potato cultivated from early July to early September has yields at different growth stages: 65-70 days of growth, 650-800°C effective accumulation, 750-900 kg per mu, and 100-120 days of growth. Accumulated temperature of 800 ~ 1100 °C, per mu yield 2000 ~ 2500 kg; growth period of 150 days, the effective accumulated temperature of 1200 ~ 1500 °C, per mu up to 4000 ~ 5000 kg. It shows that early planting can prolong the effective growth period, increase the effective accumulated temperature, and the yield can be greatly increased. First, the choice of planting time During the fertility process of the autumn potato, the temperature is from high to low, the rainwater is from more to less, and the sunshine is from strong to weak. The high-temperature and high-humidity weather in July-September is conducive to the growth of stems and leaves in the early stage of the Qishu potato, forming an ideal leaf area, which lays a good foundation for the production and accumulation of nutrients in the middle and later stages. In autumn and mid-September, the autumn potatoes are gradually reduced, the rain is scarce, and the plants grow slowly, which is unfavorable for the growth of the aboveground parts. However, with less rain, more sunlight, and a large temperature difference between day and night, the plants consume less and accumulate more. Therefore, grasping the favorable weather of high temperature and high humidity, timely planting early, so that the shoots and leaves of the early shoots faster, early branching, forming a good green leaf area, can lay a good foundation for high yield. Second, the management measures of early planting and late planting are different in the climatic and environmental conditions. In terms of cultivation and management measures, corresponding management measures should be taken according to the characteristics of the development of the cv. 1? Select high-yield, high-humidity, high-quality seed varieties such as Guangshu 62, Zhoushu 13 and Chaoshu 1 and other varieties. 2? The use of potato block nursery, updated rejuvenation seedlings, weeding out the old weak seedlings, do not use old and weak seedlings as seedlings, select the first, the second section of tender seedlings planted. 3? Reasonable dense planting, early planting should be slightly sparse, acres planting about 3200 seedlings. The horizontal planting method was adopted to eliminate oblique insertion and increase the number of fries. 8 to 10 days before cutting, the potato seedlings were topped and promoted to branch, and the first section of tender and strong seedlings that began to branch was planted. 4 apply more organic fertilizer, do not topdressing before the application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer, combined with phosphorus, potash fertilizer, in particular, more potassium fertilizer, to prevent early shoots leggy. In the middle and later stages, good potato fertilizer and strong potato fertilizer should be applied to promote root swelling and prevent premature aging of stems and leaves. 5? The growth of early autumn potato, rain, and more timely drainage ditch to exclude water, pay attention to cultivator loose soil, keep dry and ventilate the potato. Late rain is scarce, pay attention to irrigation "running water" or water. 6? Timely prevention and control of pests and rodent pests, and a number of times to cultivate soil, to prevent the cracking of alum, to prevent the invasion of the root damage. Dioscorea wards should pay attention to spraying prevention to prevent the damage of yam disease. China Agricultural Network Editor