1. Pathogens The pathogen of Haemonchus is Heterodera worm (Tursiaria gracilis), which parasitizes in the fourth stomach of the sheep. Its insect length is 10 mm and its female length is 25 mm. The body is small, whiskered, and the female is like a red thread and a white thread twisted together. 6,000 eggs can be laid every day, and the eggs are discharged into the grass with the feces. Under the suitable temperature (25C) and humidity conditions, larvae can be hatched after 4-5 days to cause infection. After rain, larvae are often rushed to low-lying areas by rain, so grazing in low-humidity areas, the sheep are most likely to be infected with Haemonchus. 2. Symptoms In general, the diseased sheep manifested as anemia, weight loss, rough hair, depression, loss of appetite. When shepherds are sick, the sheep can't afford to be out of place or lying. Alternating diarrhea and constipation. Underarm, chest, and sub-abdominal edema, body temperature is generally normal, the pulse is weak and fast, the number of breathing is increased, and finally the lying ground cannot afford to collapse and die. The necropsy shows that a large number of Haemonchus larvae are absorbed on the mucosa of the stomach wall or are free from the contents of the stomach. 3. Prevention and control (1) Grazing is not carried out in low-lying and damp places, but “dew grass†is not allowed, and stagnant water is not used. The manure in the sheep house must be accumulated and fermented to kill the eggs, and regular preventive deworming should be done. For example, the animals are repelled twice a year before the spring grazing grass, late autumn or early winter. (2) benzimidazole treatment, a dose of 15 mg per kilogram body weight, one-time oral administration. (3) Insecticide net (thiazole, tetraimidazole) treatment, 20 mg per kilogram of body weight, plus water filling service. (4) Levamisole treatment, 12 mg per kilogram of body weight, dubbed an aqueous solution, once fed. China Agricultural Network Editor
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, etiology of inflammatory synovitis-based systemic disease. It is characterized by hand, small joints of the joints, symmetry, invasive joint inflammation, often associated with external organ involvement and serum rheumatoid factor positive, can lead to joint deformity and loss of function. According to statistics, the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in women is 2 to 3 times that of men.It can occur at any age, high incidence of age 40 to 60 years old. People who has rheumatoid arthritis in the late, severe or long-term bedridden patients, due to combined infection, gastrointestinal bleeding, heart, lung or kidney disease can be crisis to life. The main purpose of treatment for Rheumatoid arthritis is to reduce the inflammation of the joints, inhibit the development of lesions and irreversible bone destruction, as far as possible to protect the function of joints and muscles, and ultimately achieve complete disease remission or low disease activity target. Treatment principles include 1. Patient education, 2. General treatment 3. Drug treatment 4. Immune purification 5. Functional exercise 6. Surgical treatment. Anti-Rheumatoid Arthritis drug treatment mainly includes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, slow-acting anti-rheumatic drugs, immunosuppressive agents, immune and biological agents and botanicals. Over the past decade, the treatment of extra-articular lesions and the emergence of new therapies, so that the efficacy of rheumatoid arthritis has been significantly improved. Most patients with rheumatoid arthritis can get a good control or even complete remission.
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