Spring and Autumn Squash Disease Prevention and Control

Powdery mildew primarily affects the leaves, starting with small, white, round spots on the underside of the foliage. These spots gradually expand and spread across the leaf surface. In severe cases, a thick layer of white powder covers the entire leaf. As the disease progresses, the mildew may turn slightly gray or develop black spots on the infected areas. To manage powdery mildew, apply 15% triadimefon diluted at 1000–1500 times or 50% sulfur suspension at 250–300 times during the early stages of infection. Repeat the spray every 7 days, alternating between different products for better effectiveness. Botrytis cinerea, also known as gray mold, mainly targets flowers and young fruits. The pathogen typically enters through damaged or dying flowers, leading to rotting of both flowers and fruit, with a characteristic gray mold developing on the affected areas. This disease thrives in cool, humid conditions. Control measures include improving cultural practices, such as using mulch films, controlling irrigation, ensuring good ventilation, and promptly removing infected plant parts. Apply 50% succinate WP at 1000 times dilution or 50% carbendazim WP at 500 times, alternating between them. Spray every 6–7 days for a total of 3–4 applications. Downy mildew commonly appears during the seedling stage. Infected cotyledons show yellow spots that eventually lead to wilting. On true leaves, water-soaked lesions develop into distinct, angular yellow spots that become brittle when dry. Under high humidity, a purple or grayish mold appears on the underside of the lesions. For control, use a mixture of 58% mancozeb + 25% thiram + 70% mancozeb in a 1:2 ratio, or 64% acibenzolar-S-methyl diluted at 400 times. Apply every 6–7 days for 3–4 treatments, alternating between different formulations for optimal results. Shrinkage disease is a physiological disorder rather than a pathogenic one. It occurs when plants experience successive leaf collapse, resembling chicken feathers, and leads to poor fruit set or even no fruiting at all. This condition is often mistaken for a viral infection. The primary causes are large temperature fluctuations between day and night, combined with high humidity, which can inhibit the growth point and hinder normal leaf development. To prevent this, maintain stable temperatures and avoid excessive humidity in the growing environment. Proper environmental management is crucial to reduce the risk of this disorder.

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