Autumn extension of eggplant integrated pest control

To effectively manage the diseases and insect pests of Qiuyan eggplants, a proactive and integrated approach is essential. Prevention should be the primary focus, with a combination of cultural, biological, and chemical control methods. Key strategies include crop rotation to avoid continuous cropping, which helps reduce pathogen buildup in the soil. Improving soil quality by applying 100–150 kg of quick lime per acre can help create a slightly alkaline environment that inhibits the growth of harmful pathogens. Additionally, maintaining well-drained soil through proper cultivation practices, such as growing high sorghum, can prevent waterlogging and root issues. Watering should be carefully managed to avoid root cracking, especially during dry periods. When using chemical agents, it's important to choose biological pesticides or high-efficiency, low-toxicity, and low-residue options. These should be applied strictly according to safety intervals to ensure the safety of the eggplant and the environment. It is crucial to avoid the use of high-toxicity pesticides for immediate results or "insurance drugs" without proper justification. Rotating different types of pesticides can also help reduce the development of pest resistance. Advanced spraying equipment and techniques should be promoted to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of pesticide application. For disease prevention, regular applications are recommended—once every 7–10 days or in consecutive treatments of 2–3 times. Early detection and thorough, uniform spraying are critical to successful disease and pest management. For specific diseases: - **Bacterial damping-off and damping-off**: Apply 72% "Kelu" WP diluted 600 times, 72.2% "Preco" diluted 600 times, or 64% "WP" diluted 500 times. - **Bacterial wilt**: Use 30% "potassium citrate copper" wettable powder at 400 times dilution, "Fangkang 120" at 200 times, or 25% "lubricant ammonia" at 500 times. - **Verticillium and Fusarium wilt**: Apply 70% "dikeshone" at 1000 times, 50% "carbendazim" at 500 times, or 70% "thiophanate" at 800–1000 times. - **Brown Vein disease**: Spray with 75% "chlorothalonil" at 600 times, 50% "carbendazim" at 500 times, or 70% "thiophanate" at 800–1000 times. For pests: - **Red spider and tea yellow tea**: Use 10% "liuyang yangmycin" at 1000–1500 times, 12.5% "all killing" EC at 1000–1200 times, or 1.8% "avermectin" at 5000 times for root irrigation. - **H. pylori**: Apply 1.8% "avermectin" at 3000 times or 200 times BT emulsion. - **Aphids**: Spray with 10% "Imidacloprid" at 1500 times or 3% "Acidimidine" at 1000 times. - **Solanum persicae and Twenty-eight Ladybirds**: During the egg hatching period, apply 5% "Friglying" suspension at 1000–1200 times, 90% "Diptera" dust at 1000 times, or 10% "cypermethrin" at 1000 times. - **Small tiger**: Mix 95% "Hundred Trichlorfon" crystals (100g) with 1kg of water and 5kg of freshly crushed grass as bait, and apply at night. Alternatively, use 90% "trichlorfon" at 800–1000 times, 2.5% "deltamethrin" at 1000 times, or 50% "phoxim" EC at 800 times for root irrigation. By following these comprehensive and sustainable practices, farmers can effectively protect their Qiuyan eggplants from diseases and pests while maintaining product quality and environmental safety.

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