Ginger High Yield Cultivation Technique

Ginger is a crop that is typically propagated vegetatively. Over time, this method can lead to the accumulation of various viruses within the plant, which reduces yield, lowers quality, weakens resistance to stress, and increases the risk of disease. These issues cause significant economic losses for farmers each year. To address these challenges, detoxification cultivation has become an essential practice. It helps improve ginger quality, reduce disease incidence, and enhance both commercial value and economic returns. 1. **Soil Preparation and Fertilization** Choose well-drained, fertile, slightly acidic soil for planting. Before sowing, disinfect the soil using lime (100–150 kg per acre) or a 1000x dilution of a disinfectant like "Enemy Cough." Deep plowing and sun-drying the soil are also recommended. For base fertilizer, apply 2,500–3,000 kg of well-decomposed manure and 2,000 kg of bio-fertilizer per acre. Jinmian Bio-fertilizer is highly recommended for its effectiveness in current farming practices. 2. **Seed Selection and Early Sowing** Use virus-free, high-yield, and disease-resistant ginger varieties. About 30 days before sowing, take the detoxified seed ginger from the storage pit and begin germination. Seven days before planting, wash the seeds, select healthy, large pieces, and let them dry in the sun for 1–2 days. Place them in straw baskets, arranging the larger pieces inside and smaller ones on the outside, then cover with straw and secure with a rope. Keep the basket moist and maintain a temperature of 21–25°C in a greenhouse. After 20 days, when the shoots reach 1 cm in length, cut them into small pieces with 1–2 buds. Apply gold manure field fertilizer at a rate of 150–200 kg per acre. Sow the ginger as early as mid-April, either by pre-germinating or using plastic film, which can advance planting by 15–30 days compared to traditional methods. Apply herbicides before covering the film to prevent weeds underneath. 3. **Planting Methods** There are two main techniques: - **Sorghum Cultivation**: Create ditches 1.2 meters wide and 30 cm deep, with three planting rows per ditch. After applying base fertilizer, plant at 20 cm spacing, aiming for 6,000–8,000 plants per mu. This method is ideal for flat areas with high groundwater levels. - **Ridge Cultivation**: Turn the land and flatten it without raking. Plant at 50 cm intervals, with 18–20 cm spacing between plants. Later, build ridges around the plants. This technique works best on slopes or terraces with good drainage and ventilation. After planting, cover the seeds with 5–6 cm of fine clay to promote quick sprouting. Using shade nets can allow planting one month earlier than open-field sowing, leading to faster emergence, better growth, and longer growing periods. Shade netting during later stages can extend the harvest period by up to 15 days, boosting overall production. 4. **Scientific Crop Management** Ginger thrives in shaded, moist, and cool conditions. Use shade nets 20 days after planting, or intercrop with corn every 4–6 rows to provide natural shade and aid in field management. - **Seedling Stage**: Water every 5–7 days depending on soil moisture. Remove weeds and cultivate the soil 1–2 times. - **Early Growth Stage**: Maintain soil moisture at about 75% of field capacity. When seedlings reach 10–15 cm, apply 10–15 kg of urea per acre. At 30–40 cm, apply 15 kg of compound fertilizer or 250 kg of dried cow dung plus 75 kg of wood ash. - **Vigorous Growth Stage**: Apply proteoglycan liquid fertilizer every 15–20 days. Top-dress with potassium sulfate (30–40 kg) and 1,000 kg of bio-fertilizer when plants are 50 cm tall with 3–4 branches. Repeat this process twice more, and cultivate the soil to a depth of 5–6 cm, removing weeds in the process. 5. **Harvest Timing and Yield Enhancement** Young ginger is harvested in early August, while mature ginger is best harvested from mid-October to early November, when the leaves start to yellow and the roots are fully developed. Harvesting in late June or early July, when there are 4–5 leaves, ensures optimal quality. 6. **Pest and Disease Control** Use low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides for effective control. - **Ginger Rot (Jiangyan)**: Remove infected plants and spray 3,000x streptomycin sulfate. In early stages, use 3% Kezikang WP (700x) or 80% zinc (800x). Apply 0.5–1 liter per plant and repeat every 7 days for 2–3 times. - **Ginger Anthracnose**: Spray 75% chlorothalonil (1,000x) before symptoms appear. At the onset, use 70% thiophanate-methyl (1,000x), spraying every 7 days for 2–3 times. - **Ginger Spot Disease**: Spray Ning (500x) or Longke (80x) every 7–10 days for 2–3 applications. - **Ginger Blight**: Mix Aviform salt (1,500x) with new buy ling (3,000x) and spray every 7–10 days for 2 times. 7. **Foliar Spraying** Applying 99 Plant Protection foliar spray can significantly enhance disease resistance and improve the overall quality of the ginger.

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