When the fruit tree sprays calcium
Calcium deficiency in fruit trees can cause physiological disorders, causing young trees to grow slowly, plants dwarf, young leaves chlorosis, leaf curling, edge shrinkage, cracks or spots, especially after fruit bagging, apple bitter disease easily occurs. Pox spot, water heart disease, pear top rot disease and water heart disease, peach fruit top softening, kiwifruit easy to cook soft, chestnut black fruit during storage and other physiological diseases. The occurrence of all these diseases has been investigated by experts and is caused by calcium deficiency.
The main causes of physiological disorders of calcium deficiency in fruit trees are as follows: (1) The calcium content of fruit trees is closely related to the transport and distribution of calcium. Calcium is transported along the transpiration stream in the plant. The transpiration intensity of the fruit is much smaller than that of the leaves. The competition for calcium is much smaller than that of the leaves. In some cases, the calcium in the fruits flows into the leaves, and the calcium mobility in the leaves is added. Poor, it is difficult to transport to the fruit, resulting in calcium deficiency of the fruit, causing a variety of physiological diseases, seriously affecting the appearance and intrinsic quality of the fruit and storage. (2) Unbalanced nutrition. It is generally believed that apple is susceptible to bitter pit disease due to excessive nitrogen/calcium ratio or low calcium/magnesium ratio. (3) The formation of calcium oxalate. Apple fruit stem contains more oxalic acid, oxalic acid and calcium to form calcium oxalate precipitation to prevent calcium into the fruit, this precipitation in the early (6 weeks after flowering) is relatively small, does not affect the calcium input, with the expansion of the fruit, calcium oxalate crystals Gradually increase, filling vascular tissue, hinder the late calcium input. (4) Over-accumulation of sorbitol. The apple pulp cell space where water heart disease occurs is filled with sorbitol, a permeant carbohydrate, and sorbitol absorbs water to form a translucent, water-like substance that causes water heart disease. The possible role of calcium on the one hand to promote sorbitol metabolism, increase the assimilation force, on the other hand calcium oxalate precipitation in the handle to prevent the further entry of sorbitol, calcium deficiency, there is no such transport obstacles in the handle, sorbitol can continue to enter, Intensify the occurrence of water heart disease. (5) Fruit calcium behavior. The data points out that during the storage of apples, the calcium movement to the outer layer of fruit in the fruit area is an important cause of bitter apple disease. The survey found that the calcium content during storage plays a major role in the disease. Fruits with bitter pit disease have 30% lower total calcium content than normal fruits. Local oxalate and limonin in the tissues induce bitter pit disease. The effect of calcium is to form precipitates with these acids, thereby eliminating the destructive effect of acid.
In order to prevent and cure the physiological disorders caused by calcium deficiency, various calcium supplement measures can be taken, including calcium spray of young fruit and calcium spray before harvest. Field experiments were conducted to study the calcium absorption characteristics of apple young fruits. The results showed that calcium should be applied directly to young fruit. The appropriate calcium application period was to spray three times of highly effective Merrill calcium within one month after young fruit formation. (A week or so away), spray 1-2 times before the harvest.
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