Key points for the cultivation of new grape red varieties
“Red Milk†is a mid-late-maturing variety that has been hybridized in Japan in recent years. Fresh grapes are on the market to catch up with the Mid-Autumn Festival/National Day. This species has a strange appearance and good quality, so the price is extremely high; the cost is as high as 20-30 yuan per kilogram, and its benefits are extremely amazing.
This species belongs to Eurasian species. Its leaves are five-lobed, with deep splits, shallow and fissures, and medium-sized leaves. It is a relatively high-resistance Eurasian cultivar. Its resistance to disease is more common than that of conventional European and American hybrids. All are worse than it. The result was that the branching rate was 95%, the germination rate was 90%, and the natural fruit setting ability was strong. The result coefficient was 2.3. The ear is often born at the third blade, and at the same time, the flower buds are easily formed at the base of the bud, and when the planting year is in the same year, a very high yield can be obtained (the maximum per plant can be more than 10 kg). The ear is compact, the fruit is slender, the top of the fruit is very sharp, the natural grain weight is 9-11 grams, and the ear weight is 500-750 grams. The meat is hard and crispy, each grape contains 1-2 seeds, the peel is thin, the sugar content is 25%-29% (conventional mid-late-maturing varieties have 16-19 degrees of sugar), and the sugar content is great after the consumption of red milk. If you eat other varieties, it will feel light and tasteless. The red milk fruit is listed in early September. If it does not pick fruit, it can be hung up until the middle or late October. The color of the fruit also changes from pink in the first to bright red and purple.
I. Planting techniques
1, spacing. In the north, commonly used are 0.73m mu of 330 seedlings or 0.53m, and 440 mu of seedlings. In the south, commonly used are 0.73m mu for planting 330 or 0.83m mu for 280 plants. In view of the strong growth of red milk, in order to facilitate the production of high-quality fruit, it is recommended that both northern and southern fences be cultivated.
2, planting. In the middle of the planting, dig a good planting ditch. The ditch is 50-70 cm wide and 35-80 cm deep. Note that the topsoil and the subsoil are stacked separately, and weeds and perishable straw are placed at the bottom of the ditch. Apply the fertilizer into the ditch, apply 4-5 cubic meters of pig manure or 3-4 cubic meters of sheep manure per 667 square meters (1 acre) or 2 cubic meters of decomposed chicken manure with 100 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, mix with the soil and fill the surface soil. In the lower part, the subsoil covers the surface. The time of planting in the north was more than 5°C before the soil was frozen in the autumn or after the temperature rose in the spring. When planting, pay attention to the roots should be spread around, while stepping on the side, fill half the time to raise the seedlings to make the roots stretch, immediately after planting water to make the soil solid.
Second, post-plant management
Eradication of rootstock buds in time, the selection of strong grafted shoots as the main vines, the removal of excess shoots and the vertical rods in time. One-year young seedlings should be diligently watered, winter shear should pay attention to cut the mouth 1 meter away from the ground where the diameter should not be less than 1 centimeter, 1 meter below 50 centimeters above the side branch diameter can reach 1 centimeter can do the results of the second year of the mother branch. Two-year-old seedling shoots before germination bud water and combined with fertilization, the principle of timely eradicating buds is to stay weak and strong. When the new shoot grows to 5-10 cm, it is better to keep 10-15 per square meter of the rack or keep it 25-30 cm apart. About 7 days before flowering, 10 leaves were left on the inflorescence, and about 12 leaves were left to pick up on the developmental branches, and 2-3 leaves were left on the top side of the shoot for repeated topping. The fungicide was sprayed 7-10 days after flowering and then bagged the next day. The bagging was completed within 15 days after flowering. During the fruit growing period and before the grape coloring, the fertilizer was applied and watered every 10 days.
With regard to winter pruning, it is generally carried out after the fall of leaves to the spring of the following year. When the winter shearing results, the branch thickness should not be less than 0.8 cm, and the cut should be 3-5 cm before the buds. Short tips or short tips can be trimmed, but also can be combined with long, medium and short tips to trim. Generally, the soil is kept cold for 10-15 days before the soil is frozen in winter. The method is to put the vines off and put them in one direction, and then cover the soil. The soil must be tight and firm. The thickness of soil depends on the local climate. After the pruning in the Yangtze River Valley or the Jiangnan region is completed, the tree body can be sprayed with 1-3 Baume degree lime sulfur.
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