Medicinal honeysuckle cultivation points

Honeysuckle, also known as Yinhua, Erhua, is distributed in most parts of the country; there are many varieties, and Guangdong produces silver flowers. The honeysuckle perennial evergreen cane-like shrubs of the family Caprifoliaceae are used for budding, flowering or vine leaves. Drug properties detoxification, a broad-spectrum antibacterial, anti-virus and anti-fungal effect. At present, there is a large demand for medicinal honeysuckle. In 2000, the purchase price was 32-49 yuan per kilogram of dried flowers. There is still room for price increase after China's accession to the WTO. Honeysuckle grows to adapt to a wide range of drought-resistant, heat-resistant Xiyang plants, all types of soil can be planted, but growing rapidly in fertile soil, high yield. After 3-5 years of planting, the strain can produce about 1-1.5 kilograms of dried flowers, 400-450 kilograms of mu, and 20 yuan per kilogram for the insured price. The output value is 4000-4500 yuan. The following describes the cultivation techniques of Lonicera japonica L. on red line.

First, propagation methods are seed and cutting propagation

1. Seed propagation is harvested when the fruit matures in black from October to November each year. The seeds can be washed with the seeds or allowed to dry until the next 2-3 months with germination. (The seeds cannot be dried).

2, cutting seedlings breeding can be cut seedlings cutting or direct cutting.

(1) Cuttage seedlings, generally in early spring before sprouting or from September to October in autumn, usually with higher survival rate in early spring. Seedbed should be selected near the water source, the leeward sunny wasteland, the soil with fertile wet sand sealing group, deep digging fine, Mushi organic soil miscellaneous fertilizer 80-100 as basal, mixed ploughing and leveling, made 1 - 1.3 m of seedbeds are to be used. The cuttings should be selected from 1-2 years old shoots that are robust and free from pests and diseases. Cuttings of about 20 cm in length should be cut. The lower leaves should be removed and immersed with 500-800 times of indole butyric acid. 3-5 seconds, and then open the horizontal groove at a spacing of 27-30 centimeters on the raft, depending on the length of the cuttings, 10-15 per gutter, 2/3 of the cuttings inserted into the soil compaction, clear and dry Day morning and evening, water and protect seedlings. About half months of spring can be rooted. During the growing season, pay attention to diligent grass, shallow loose soil, suitable nitrogen fertilizer and light human and animal manure. It can be transplanted and planted in October-November or early spring in the following year. Mu 300-400 seedlings are generally used.

(2) The direct cutting insertion time and the selection of the cutting insert are the same as above. First in the cultivation of 1.3-1.6 meters away from the planting hole, the size of 353,530 cm, the soil at the bottom of the hole to dig loose; then oblique insertion 3-4 cuttings.

Second, planting soil (ie field transplant)

The cultivated land can be cultivated without taking up the cultivated land and using the deep organic matter rich in soils such as mountains, wasteland, field ridges, and the five sides behind the house. Generally, no comprehensive land preparation is required, and row spacing can be inconsistent and flexible. The digging hole can be digged at a distance of 1.61.6 meters. The hole specification is 404030 (cm). The site preparation requires the application of 10-20 kg of soil-fertilizer, one or two peanuts, and 0.5 kg of superphosphate. Transplanting and planting before germination in early autumn and early spring. It is generally from late March in spring to mid-April in April, and autumn should be carried out in August. Cave plants 2-3 strains, soil compaction, watering seedlings.

Third, field management

1. The first, second and third years of cultivating and weeding are planted three times each year for cultivating and weeding, the first time for new leaves, the second time for July-August, and the third time before the frost in the late autumn and early winter. When cultivating, the plants should be soiled around the soil, and the earth should be protected by exposing the ground roots.

2, fertilization to seize high yield, usually 5 times a year fertilizer. For the first time before the beginning of spring, “strong seedlings” were used to promote long new shoots, so that the honeysuckle stems and leaves of Lonicera gigas grew well. The second application of "flower before the fertilizer" in February-March promoted more flowering and flowering. Application of human excrement 60 mus per acre, or strain urea 1-2 two. The third time after flowering, the recovery of the plants was promoted, the fourth time after the second flowering, and the last winter fertilizer was applied before the winter solstice. The amount of fertilizer depends on the size of the plexus, generally 10-20 kg of soil compost, and 0.3-0.5 kg of superphosphate. The method is to open the gully around the plant cluster and apply fertilizer after covering the soil.

3, topping the newly-extracted branches can develop into squid, topping can promote multiple new shoots, in order to reach multiple branches and more purposes. The method of topping is: leave 1-2 knots from the trunk of the mother plant, and remove it by hand from 2 or more branches; leave 2-3 branches from the primary branch of the trunk and remove it from 3 or more knots; The second-level branches that grow on the branches are left in 3-4 sections and are removed after more than 4 sections; thereafter, the branches that grow from the 2nd-level branches are generally no longer topping, allowing them to bloom naturally. The young shoots with fine leaves in general are squid branches, which should be preserved; growth branches without flowers, branches thick, section length, and leaves should be removed to reduce nutrient consumption. By topping, each plant forms a bush-like shrub, increasing the nutrient space and prompting the buds to form in large quantities early.

4, cut red line honeysuckle honeysuckle growth and development fast, let it grow, lush foliage, ventilation and light is not good, so that leaves fall off, most of the flowering parts outside the cluster, the flowering amount of low yield, it is necessary to properly trim. Normally every winter or early spring, pruning before germination is not performed, and several trunks are appropriately reserved. The poor growth and development are cut off, and dry branches, weak branches, dense branches, disease and insect branches and sticking branches are cut off. If the flowering or flowering leggy branches are to be cut off from the base at a height of 30 cm, the nutrients will be supplied to the effective branches and promoted to become flowering branches.

5, Baohua flowering period in case of drought, rain or too much rain, may cause a large number of falling flowers, flowers or immature flowers break. An extra-root fertilizer can be used when the silver flower buds are generally 0.2-0.3 cm long, and 15 grams of dimethoate, 1 kilogram of human urine, and 20 kilograms of clear water are uniformly sprayed. In the event of drought, water, rain and more row of stains, can effectively reduce the fall.

IV. Pest Control

The pests and diseases of honeysuckle are mainly leaf spot, aphid, and ulnar insults. In the prevention and treatment of leaf spot disease, we must first strengthen the management of the field, increase the application of organic fertilizer to cultivate and increase plant resistance, and eliminate litter to reduce the source of disease; in early May, 1:1:150 Bordeaux mixture or 65% zeocin 500 can be used. 600 times liquid spray, available drugs 2-3 times. Aphids usually occur from April to May, when spraying 40% dimethoate EC 1000-1500 times or 80% dichlorvos EC 3000 times spray control; when the verrucous damage occurs, 2.5% rattan extract can be used 400-600 Times or control with biological pesticide bt preparation. Disease prevention and control of insects should pay attention to product safety, requiring that chemical pesticides be stopped 2–3 weeks before flowering.

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