Gentian cultivation techniques

Gentian is a gentian gentian that is rooted in medicine. There is diarrhea, liver and gallbladder fire, in addition to the role of hot and humid under the coke. It mainly produces three provinces in northeast China. Herbs are perennial, stem height 30 ~ cm. Gentian is a kind of alpine plant with a humid and cool climate. It is wild in mountainous areas, slopes, forest margins and bushes. Hardy, its underground part can endure ~ 25 °C below the low temperature. Cultivation techniques 1. Selection of sites for soil selection should be relatively humid, preferably with production and appropriate shade. The soil is preferably sandy loam or a humus-rich calcareous soil. Places with high dryness and direct sunlight, as well as excessive soil viscosity, are too barren lands not suitable for planting. Before sowing or planting, combined with the ground, 2000 kg per acre applied fertilizer, and then made flat ridge or rake. 2. Breeding methods (1) Seed propagation. Gentian seed germination temperature of 20 °C ~ 25 °C. After the first high temperature, the germination rate is high at low temperature, and the low temperature germination rate is low after the first low temperature. Light has a role in promoting germination of seeds, and lack of light hinders germination. Treatment with gibberellin 300 ppm or 2.4 D 5 ppm can significantly increase the germination rate. Seeds kept under greenhouse conditions for one year, the germination rate is greatly reduced, and the germination power is lost after two years. It can be broadcast in autumn and spring. Autumn sowing is generally from mid-October to November, the spring of the following year. The seed can be mixed with a suitable amount of fine sand or humus in the seed. The drills are spaced 23 to 33 centimeters apart. The seeds are small and the cover should be shallow, 3 to 4 millimeters. Per acre sowing rate of 0.15 ~ 0.2 kg, after sowing Herba screen moisture, 20 days after emergence. (2) Breeding: In late September to early October or early April, overwintering buds are formed but not yet sprouted. Excavate the roots, select the roots that grow next to the vigorously growing plants, and plant them at intervals of 18 to 21 centimeters and 15 to 18 centimeters of plant spacing. The depth of the hole depends on the size of the roots, and the roots must be stretched within the holes. Let the buds cover the ground with 3 cm of soil and compaction. When the soil is dry, water it in time to keep the soil moist. 3. Field management After sowing, the straw curtain is moistened. When the seedling emergence rate reaches 50%, the curtain will be raised 10 centimeters to prevent pressure seedlings. When 80% seedling emergence occurs, the straw curtain will be removed. Gentiana intercropping with corn, 1 line of gentian intercropping 1 line of corn, maize shade play a good effect. If you do something wrong, you can plant two rows of corn on the south side of the clam. Can also be intertwined with forsythia, ape, etc. Pay attention to weeding and timely watering during drought. During the growth period, apply diluted human urine 1 or 2 times, remove buds after spotting and remove seedlings, remove buds, and chase calcium phosphate 1 time before flowering. Kg to promote root development. 4. Disease and pest control spot blight: The disease mainly damages the leaves. The lesions are round, 3 to 12 mm in diameter, brown, and slightly light in the center. Black spots can appear on both sides (ie conidiospore). The lesions confluence when severe, and the leaves die. Control methods: 1 After the harvest clean the pastoral, the litter collected in the field burned; 2 before the onset or incidence of the logistics logistics spray 50% Tuzi special 1000 times, or 1:1: 100 Bordeaux mixture, spray every 7 to 10 days 1 . 5. Harvest processing Spring and autumn two seasons excavation, but the quality of autumn excavation is better, in the middle and late October, when the stems are dry and yellow, dig up the roots, remove the washing debris on the ground and select large, cut sections, dry medicine Small, do rooting. China Agricultural Network Editor