Fish and shrimp feed should add vitamin C

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, plays a crucial role in the health and development of fish and shrimp. When these aquatic animals do not receive adequate levels of vitamin C, they can develop a deficiency, which can severely impact their growth, immune function, and overall survival. In severe cases, vitamin C deficiency may even lead to death. Fish and shrimp lacking sufficient vitamin C often exhibit a range of symptoms, including reduced appetite, slow growth, abnormal body shape, and impaired swimming ability. In more serious cases, they may display symptoms similar to scurvy in humans. For example, grass carp deficient in vitamin C may show signs such as eye socket congestion, bleeding at the fin bases, eyelid hemorrhage, and internal abdominal bleeding. While the specific symptoms of vitamin C deficiency may vary among different fish species, common issues include stunted growth, weakened immunity, and poor feed conversion rates. In shrimp, vitamin C deficiency is commonly associated with a condition known as "black dying disease." This condition is characterized by slow wound healing, the formation of black ulcers under the shell, and high mortality rates. Affected shrimp may also suffer from soft shells, prolonged molting periods, cloudy or white muscle tissue, and general weakness. To prevent these issues, it is generally recommended that vitamin C be included in aquaculture feeds at levels 4 to 5 times the minimum required for normal function. Ensuring proper vitamin C intake is essential for maintaining the health, productivity, and longevity of farmed fish and shrimp.

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