Japanese research develops a new method to inhibit renal transplant rejection

Recently, a groundbreaking method to prevent **visceral transplant** rejection has been developed by researchers at Tokyo Women's Medical University and Shun Paradise University. This innovative approach is currently being used in kidney transplants and offers a significant breakthrough—patients no longer need to take immunosuppressive drugs for the rest of their lives, and the treatment is free from side effects. Major Japanese media outlets, including the Yomiuri Shimbun and Asahi Shimbun, have covered this promising development. The research focuses on **lymphocyte cells**, particularly T cells, which play a key role in the immune system. These cells are responsible for identifying and attacking foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria. However, during organ transplantation, the immune system mistakenly recognizes the new organ as a threat, leading to rejection. If left unchecked, this can result in the failure of the transplanted organ. To address this issue, Japanese scientists have created a special antibody that tricks T cells into ignoring the transplanted organ. After extensive testing over five years in animal models like monkeys, they confirmed that this method effectively prevents rejection. The process involves collecting T cells from both the patient and the donor before surgery. These cells are then mixed with the special antibody and incubated for two weeks. Once ready, the modified T cells are reintroduced into the patient’s body. These cells act as regulators, influencing other T cells and triggering a “misidentification” chain reaction. Importantly, the modified T cells do not impair the immune system’s ability to fight off infections. Traditionally, patients had to rely on lifelong immunosuppressants, which often led to complications like kidney damage or chronic rejection. With this new technique, patients only need medication for a short period after the operation. Once the body starts responding appropriately, the dosage can be gradually reduced and eventually stopped within one to one and a half months. This reduces the risk of long-term side effects and improves the overall success rate of transplants. According to the researchers, the success rate of kidney transplants could increase by 20%, with up to 90% of transplanted kidneys still functioning after ten years. Beyond kidney transplants, this method shows potential for use in heart and liver transplants. Given the challenges of chronic rejection in heart transplants, especially in Western countries, this innovation could revolutionize the field of transplant medicine globally. This advancement not only offers hope to patients but also represents a major step forward in understanding and managing the immune system’s response to organ transplants.

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