Bailing Mushroom Artificial Control Short Breeding Cultivation Technique

Pleurotus is a low to medium temperature mushroom species that is highly sensitive to temperature changes. Its mycelium can tolerate a wide range of temperatures, surviving between 4°C and 37°C, but the optimal growth temperature for the mycelium is between 23°C and 28°C. During the maturation phase, the ideal temperature should be maintained between 5°C and 30°C, while the fruiting stage requires a cooler environment, typically between 0°C and 25°C. In the early stages of growth, the bud formation occurs best at 8°C to 13°C, and young mushrooms thrive at around 15°C. It’s clear that Pleurotus nebrodensis requires a gradual shift from cooler to warmer conditions for optimal fruiting body development. Another key characteristic of Bailing mushroom is its need for a long post-maturation period before it can fruit. Unlike oyster mushrooms, which can be directly induced to fruit after full mycelial colonization, Bailing mushrooms require a specific maturation phase. This process usually takes about 60 days, with some strains needing up to 80 days, making the production cycle lengthy and less efficient. To improve yield and quality, growers use artificial temperature control during this post-ripening phase. The method involves first raising the temperature to 30°C for about 10 days to fully develop the hyphae, then lowering it to 0°C to 10°C for 15 days to simulate stressful conditions that trigger the hyphae to prepare for fruiting. Most strains complete this transition in one cycle, while some may require two. This technique helps shorten the maturation period and ensures more consistent fruiting. When the mushroom substrate becomes uniformly white, has a hollow sound when tapped, and feels firm with good elasticity, it's time to move the bags out of the cold room and into a plastic greenhouse. At this stage, increasing the temperature, humidity, and providing light stimulation along with proper ventilation is crucial. Within about seven days, small yellow bacterial spots may appear on the inoculation block. After that, the temperature should be gradually lowered to encourage bud formation. Throughout this period, the greenhouse temperature should stay below 15°C. Covering the beds, ventilating in the morning and evening, and regularly watering the ground and misting the air will help maintain the right conditions. Once the temperature drops below 15°C for a few days, mushroom buds begin to form rapidly. In general, each fruiting surface can produce between 1 and 3 mushroom buds. Before they fully differentiate, it's important to remove all but one bud to ensure better growth and higher quality. This practice helps concentrate the mushroom’s energy on a single, strong fruiting body rather than spreading it across multiple weaker ones.

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