How to increase nitrogen fertilizer utilization
2020-07-22 14:18:28
Fertilizer is an important agricultural material for farmers. The level of fertilizer use directly affects the crop output in the autumn and the farmers' income for a year. Nitrogen fertilizer is the most abundant fertilizer used by farmers. Its utilization level plays an important role in crop growth. Nitrogen fertilizer includes nitrate nitrogen fertilizer and ammonia nitrogen fertilizer.
I. Measures to Improve Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency in Dry Land
1. Distribute fertilizers rationally, nitrate-nitrogen fertilizers should be allocated as far as possible to dry fields, and ammonia fertilizers should be allocated to paddy fields as much as possible.
2, fertilizer to deepen. The application of nitrogen fertilizer to the most convenient parts and levels of crop root absorption can be beneficial to improve the utilization of fertilizer. We know that the root of a crop, the site with the strongest absorptive capacity, is not the aging zone of the root zone, but the root hair zone of the root. With the growth of the crop, the more developed the root system, the deeper it becomes, the larger the expanded area, According to this law, the location of fertilization should be gradually increased along with the development of crop reproduction, corresponding to the distance from the base of the stem, so that the fertilizer as close as possible to the root hair area, in order to absorb the root system.
3, liquid fertilization. If ammonium bicarbonate, ammonia, water, etc., which are used to decompose nutrients, are dissolved in a matching solution, penetration into the soil will facilitate absorption.
4, nitrogen fertilizer and organic fertilizer application. Deep application of nitrogen fertilizer and organic fertilizer after mixing evenly can increase the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate. This is because a large number of microorganisms in organic fertilizers absorb nitrogen fertilizer and become their own organisms, which can play a temporary role in maintaining fertilizer. Not only prevent excessive fertility, but also prevent the loss of nutrients.
5, phased layered fertilization. Nitrogen fertilizers with low mobility in soil should be applied to the most easily absorbed parts of the root system in stages according to the needs of the crop growth process.
II. Measures for Increasing Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency in Paddy Fields
1, full-layer fertilization. The base fertilizer is applied before or after the rake is used, and then finely raked, so that the fertilizer and the soil layer are fully mixed, so that the surface fertilizer application improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer by about 5%.
2, the use of ammonium nitrogen fertilizers, such as hydrogen, ammonium, urea easily absorbed by the soil, there is no denitrification, the use of nitrate-nitrogen can only be used as ear fertilizer in the late growth stage of rice, because the rice was formed in the booting stage to restore nitrate ions The ammonium nitrate reductase can absorb nitrate nitrogen.
3, sub-fertilization. According to the rule of sucking up fertilizer in rice, according to the soil conditions, weather changes, reduce the amount of basic fertilizer, split application, can increase fertilizer utilization.
4, timely cultivation after topdressing. After cultivating fertilizers, cultivators will be ploughed immediately to fully mix the fertilizer and soil, which will not only promote rice growth but also reduce the loss of fertilizer.
5, shallow water fertilization. Before fertilizing, shallow water was firstly poured to block the outlet, and undrained for 3 days after fertilization.
6, eliminate weeds in time. Eliminate weeds and avoid competing with rice for fertilizer.
7, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are used together. Proportional application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, uniform fertilizer, rice plants are robust, developed roots, and promote the absorption of fertilizers.
Third, improve the efficacy of urea fertilizer
It has been proved that when urea is applied to the ground surface, most nitrogen will volatilize and evaporate after 4 to 5 days at room temperature. The utilization rate is only about 30%, especially on the surfaces of carbonaceous and alkaline soils. The volatilization loss of ammonia is even more serious. Therefore, when urea is used to topdress dry field crops, it is better to grind the pits or deepen the ditch to less than 10 cm, so that urea can be contained in the moist soil, which is conducive to the conversion of urea, and is also conducive to the adsorption of ammonia fertilizers by the soil. , reduce the play. (Zhang Jing)
I. Measures to Improve Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency in Dry Land
1. Distribute fertilizers rationally, nitrate-nitrogen fertilizers should be allocated as far as possible to dry fields, and ammonia fertilizers should be allocated to paddy fields as much as possible.
2, fertilizer to deepen. The application of nitrogen fertilizer to the most convenient parts and levels of crop root absorption can be beneficial to improve the utilization of fertilizer. We know that the root of a crop, the site with the strongest absorptive capacity, is not the aging zone of the root zone, but the root hair zone of the root. With the growth of the crop, the more developed the root system, the deeper it becomes, the larger the expanded area, According to this law, the location of fertilization should be gradually increased along with the development of crop reproduction, corresponding to the distance from the base of the stem, so that the fertilizer as close as possible to the root hair area, in order to absorb the root system.
3, liquid fertilization. If ammonium bicarbonate, ammonia, water, etc., which are used to decompose nutrients, are dissolved in a matching solution, penetration into the soil will facilitate absorption.
4, nitrogen fertilizer and organic fertilizer application. Deep application of nitrogen fertilizer and organic fertilizer after mixing evenly can increase the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate. This is because a large number of microorganisms in organic fertilizers absorb nitrogen fertilizer and become their own organisms, which can play a temporary role in maintaining fertilizer. Not only prevent excessive fertility, but also prevent the loss of nutrients.
5, phased layered fertilization. Nitrogen fertilizers with low mobility in soil should be applied to the most easily absorbed parts of the root system in stages according to the needs of the crop growth process.
II. Measures for Increasing Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency in Paddy Fields
1, full-layer fertilization. The base fertilizer is applied before or after the rake is used, and then finely raked, so that the fertilizer and the soil layer are fully mixed, so that the surface fertilizer application improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer by about 5%.
2, the use of ammonium nitrogen fertilizers, such as hydrogen, ammonium, urea easily absorbed by the soil, there is no denitrification, the use of nitrate-nitrogen can only be used as ear fertilizer in the late growth stage of rice, because the rice was formed in the booting stage to restore nitrate ions The ammonium nitrate reductase can absorb nitrate nitrogen.
3, sub-fertilization. According to the rule of sucking up fertilizer in rice, according to the soil conditions, weather changes, reduce the amount of basic fertilizer, split application, can increase fertilizer utilization.
4, timely cultivation after topdressing. After cultivating fertilizers, cultivators will be ploughed immediately to fully mix the fertilizer and soil, which will not only promote rice growth but also reduce the loss of fertilizer.
5, shallow water fertilization. Before fertilizing, shallow water was firstly poured to block the outlet, and undrained for 3 days after fertilization.
6, eliminate weeds in time. Eliminate weeds and avoid competing with rice for fertilizer.
7, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are used together. Proportional application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, uniform fertilizer, rice plants are robust, developed roots, and promote the absorption of fertilizers.
Third, improve the efficacy of urea fertilizer
It has been proved that when urea is applied to the ground surface, most nitrogen will volatilize and evaporate after 4 to 5 days at room temperature. The utilization rate is only about 30%, especially on the surfaces of carbonaceous and alkaline soils. The volatilization loss of ammonia is even more serious. Therefore, when urea is used to topdress dry field crops, it is better to grind the pits or deepen the ditch to less than 10 cm, so that urea can be contained in the moist soil, which is conducive to the conversion of urea, and is also conducive to the adsorption of ammonia fertilizers by the soil. , reduce the play. (Zhang Jing)
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