Clever feeding cattle in winter should pay attention to six points

First, prepare the roughage by shortening, washing, and ammoniation. Start by washing the coarse material thoroughly before cutting it into 8–10 cm pieces. Since roughage alone may not provide enough nutrients for cattle, you can ammonia the material by adding 25 kg of a 6%–10% urea solution to every 50 kg of chopped roughage. Mix well and place it in a silo or a covered pit, then seal the opening with plastic film. After 1–1.5 months of fermentation, the material will be ready for feeding. This process improves the nutritional value and digestibility of the roughage. Second, manage feeding amounts carefully. During cold weather, feed cattle more frequently, offering food both during the day and at night. Provide 13–15 kg of forage daily, and try to include a variety of feeds such as wheat straw, hay, peanut meal, and green grasses. A diverse diet ensures better nutrition and helps maintain the health of the animals. Third, supplement with minerals and additives. Cattle require about 0.4% calcium and 0.3% phosphorus in their diet for proper growth. In winter, when fresh greens are scarce, many cows suffer from calcium deficiency. To prevent this, add 10 g of calcium, 5 g of phosphorus, 30–50 g of salt, and some trace elements to the daily feed for coarse-fed cattle. These supplements help maintain bone strength and overall health. Fourth, provide warm water. Never give cattle cold water in winter. Instead, offer warm water at around 25°C, and consider adding a small amount of salt and soybeans to improve digestion and energy levels. Fifth, feed a balanced concentrate mix. For winter feeding, use a combination of 40% corn, 20% soybeans, 10% rice bran, 10% barley, 10% soybean meal, and 10% scraps, all soaked in warm water. This mix provides energy and protein. Additionally, give 0.5–2 kg of a mixed concentrate daily, adjusting the amount based on the animal’s age, condition, and stage of production. Young calves, pregnant cows, and thin animals should receive extra feed to support their needs. Lastly, maintain hygiene and care. Clean the barn regularly to remove manure and keep the environment clean. Grind the grass and soil to prevent foot diseases. Each day, take the cows out into the sun and brush or scrape their bodies with a scraper to stimulate blood circulation and reduce the risk of sores. Good hygiene is essential for the overall well-being of your herd.

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