Autumn and winter mushrooms mushrooming management

In the early stages of mushroom cultivation, it's essential to take advantage of the temperature difference between day and night. During late autumn and early winter, daytime temperatures tend to be relatively high while nighttime temperatures drop significantly. During the day, the cover film helps raise the internal temperature of the mushroom bed by 2–3°C compared to the outside. Once it gets past 10 PM, the film is removed to allow a rapid decrease in temperature. This temperature fluctuation encourages the formation of primordia on the surface of the bacterial cylinders, which will eventually develop into mushroom buds. Maintaining proper humidity levels is crucial during the growing process. After the color change occurs, the relative humidity inside the mushroom bed should be kept around 85% initially. As more mushroom buds begin to form on the caps and stems, the air humidity should be gradually reduced to about 80% to prevent excessive moisture that could lead to disease or poor development. Creating the right balance between dry and wet conditions is also important. In the early stages of mushroom growth, the fungus tubes are well-hydrated and can support the first flush of fruiting bodies without needing additional watering. After harvesting the first batch, watering is stopped for a few days, and the cover is opened to allow the surface of the fungus tube to dry out. This drying period helps stimulate mycelial growth. After 2–3 days, white mycelium may appear on the surface. At this point, misting is resumed to increase humidity, the cover is lifted for ventilation, and the temperature is raised to encourage the growth of the next batch of mushrooms. Proper ventilation is key to reducing deformed mushrooms. When temperatures exceed 23°C, it’s recommended to ventilate the growing area in the morning, afternoon, and evening. If the temperature drops below 17°C, one daily ventilation session is sufficient. Ensuring good air circulation and maintaining adequate moisture levels are both vital for healthy fruit body development. Mushrooms require adequate light during their growth phase, though direct sunlight should be avoided. The ideal lighting condition is one where you can comfortably read small print on a newspaper inside the growing area. This level of indirect light supports proper development without causing stress to the mushrooms. To prevent bacterial infections and extend the life of the fungus tubes, it's advisable to spray the walls, trusses, and floor with a solution of 50% carbendazim WP diluted at 500 times or a 0.1% lyosol solution. These treatments help maintain a clean environment and reduce the risk of contamination, ensuring healthier mushroom growth over multiple harvests.

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