Five Measures for Preventing Death from Nectarine Litchi Group
The nectarine tree pods and lower branches tend to die, often causing only peripheral results. The reason is as follows: First, the nectarine tree has the characteristics of strong apical dominance, which causes poor illumination in the lychee group and insufficient supply of organic nutrients. Second, the roots within the tree have a high density of roots and the consumption of nutrients is fast. The result of selecting nutrients for many years also results in poor nutrition in the soil. The small inner root sucker died due to malnutrition, and the inner litter group corresponding to the aerial parts also died. Third, the tree stores insufficient nutrients, and in the winter, it suffers freezing injury and drains dry. There are the following five methods for preventing death from nectarine litchi.
First, the scientific fertilization autumn basal fertilization should be used radial fertilization, should not be used strip groove and ring fertilization. Topdressing chemical fertilizers should be applied to the whole tree plate. It is not appropriate to apply acupuncture and round-shaped topdressing, which is beneficial to the cultivation of good roots in the lychee group.
Second, in the summer pruning season, many times, picking the heart, pulling the branches in the fall, opening the corners, sparse the peripheral strong branch and the inner fistula through the dense branches, leggy branches, using the second branch retraction (throw the small turtle) to control the apical dominance, so that the inner litchi The group received sufficient light and nutrients, played the role of restraining the front and boosting it, balancing the tree potential, and rejuvenating internal hemorrhoids. In the later period of fruit growth, branches should be erected in time to prevent the fruit from coloring due to sagging, squeezing, overlapping, and contact with the ground.
3. The distribution of foliar spray fertilizer nutrients is not limited by the growth center and the distribution is balanced, which is beneficial to the enhancement of the internal litchi group. When the fruit is near the coloring, 500 mg/kg rare earth solution is sprayed to color the fruit in advance, and the total red fruit rate is increased by more than 3%. It is also possible to spray only the weak parts of the internal hemorrhoids, which can delay the aging of the leaves. Fertilizer type and concentration: urea 0.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2% to 0.5%.
Fourth, after the autumn harvest leaves, after harvesting fruit, pay attention to pest control damage leaves. After leaf sucking, the photosynthetic function was reduced. When the leaf blade was severe, it caused early leaf shedding. It should be sprayed and prevented at the nymph concentration period.
5. Winter pruning Nectarine trees can be pruned from winter to early buds in the following year. Generally, it is advisable to advance from the fallen leaves to the Spring Festival. Pruning methods include short cuts, shrinking shears, thinning and long shoots. Pruning of fruit trees at different ages has different purposes and effects.
1. Pruning of young and early fruit trees. The pruning of saplings and initial fruit trees should be based mainly on plasticity. For tree branches and extension branches, the tree shape to be cultivated should be shortened and the tree shape should be cultivated. For non-bone branches, it should be lightly cut and long bloomed to promote flowering. As a result, various types of fruiting groups are gradually cultivated.
2. Pruning of fruit trees. The main task of this period of pruning is to regulate the relationship between growth and results, maintain a robust tree vigor, and extend the full fruit period as much as possible. During winter cutting, the general pruning of the backbone branches is relatively aggravated. After the closure of the entire park, it is retracted every 2 to 3 years to maintain the growth of the backbone branches. As a result, the branches and branches must be continuously updated. When the branches and branches are weakened, they will be retracted to the middle and lower fruit branches in the middle and lower parts, and they will stimulate the development of strong and vigorous branches and rejuvenate the branches and branches; the excessively weak branch groups can be eliminated. In the pruning of branches, there are two methods for the preparation of the branches, one is called two-branch renewal, that is, two similar fruit branches on the mother branch are selected at the base, the upper branch is trimmed according to the result branches, and the lower branch only leaves two buds at the base. Cuts and draws two new shoots to form the result of the second year. In the winter, the above-mentioned branches have been neglected. The following two new branches are still pruned in the previous year. The upper branch results in the lower branch and the two branches are short-cut. This maintains one result per year and one branch. There is also a so-called single branch renewal, that is, to properly cut strong and middle-fruit branches, so that it can not only endure 2 or 3 fruits, but also can extract strong new shoots. In the winter, the upper branchlets are removed and the lower ones are robust. The same cut, so repeated, to maintain the balance of results and growth.
3. The renewal pruning of the aging tree. The pruning task in this period is the updating and rejuvenation of trees and branches. When pruning, lightly retract the large branches, moderately retract the middle and twigs, and retract to strong branches or full shoots, but do not retract too much or overweight in one year. For the extremely old tree, carry out the main branch renewal, stimulate budding buds to grow appetite buds or strong strong branches, and then cultivate new strong and robust branches.
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