Plug valve overview
Plug valve is a type of valve that uses a plug as the closing element, which has a through hole to allow or block fluid flow. The plug rotates along with the stem to open or close the valve. Small, non-packing plug valves are commonly referred to as "Cocks." The plug is typically conical (though cylindrical versions also exist) and fits into a conical seat within the valve body to create a tight seal. Plug valves are among the oldest types of valves, known for their simple design, fast operation, and low flow resistance. However, traditional plug valves rely on direct metal-to-metal contact for sealing, which results in poor sealing performance, higher operating torque, and faster wear. As a result, they are generally suitable only for low-pressure applications (up to 1 MPa) and small pipe sizes (less than 100 mm). To expand their range of use, various new designs have been developed. One important type is the oil-lubricated plug valve, where special grease is injected between the plug and the valve body to form an oil film. This reduces the operating torque, enhances sealing, and extends the service life. These valves can operate at pressures up to 64 MPa, temperatures up to 325°C, and with diameters as large as 600 mm. The passage inside a plug valve can vary in shape. A common straight-through type is used primarily for shut-off applications, while three-way and four-way configurations are ideal for diverting or reversing fluid flow. In these cases, the plug is a perforated cylinder that rotates around an axis perpendicular to the flow path. Plug valves are widely used to control the flow of media in pipes and equipment. Their main advantages include: 1. Suitable for frequent operations due to quick opening and closing. 2. Low fluid resistance. 3. Simple structure, compact size, lightweight, and easy to maintain. 4. Good sealing performance when properly designed. 5. Not restricted by installation direction, allowing flexible flow orientation. 6. No vibration and minimal noise. Based on their structural design, plug valves can be classified into four main types: compact plug valves, self-sealing plug valves, stuffing plug valves, and oil-filled plug valves. Each type offers specific benefits depending on the application requirements.
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